{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164865018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19060481","title":"Research on Logistics Distribution Center Location Problem Based on Genetic Variation Firefly Algorithm","display_name":"Research on Logistics Distribution Center Location Problem Based on Genetic Variation Firefly Algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164865018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19060481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19060481","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19060481","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/6/481/pdf?version=1781515755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/6/481/pdf?version=1781515755","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082237965","display_name":"Lang Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181679659","display_name":"Shanghai University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/00wtvfq62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181679659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Humanity, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Humanity, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181679659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134186764","display_name":"Changan Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-0694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-0694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130666259","display_name":"Zhangwei Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhangwei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134107020","display_name":"Mengya Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengya Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130666259","https://openalex.org/A5134186764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74480725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"481","last_page":"481"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.424699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.424699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.3894999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.021800000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-algorithm","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","score":0.7656000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.6976000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-protocol","display_name":"Firefly protocol","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6308000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-center","display_name":"Distribution center","score":0.5975000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.5662999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5169000029563904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154982244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451844","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","level":3,"score":0.7656000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6976000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6657000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107477482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22570039","display_name":"Firefly protocol","level":2,"score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6341000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6308000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781463594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229659","display_name":"Distribution center","level":2,"score":0.5975000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.5662999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5321000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664803","display_name":"Location model","level":2,"score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108005400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1305598","display_name":"Facility location problem","level":2,"score":0.487199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141934464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305386","display_name":"Local optimum","level":2,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162500139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835887","display_name":"Estimation of distribution algorithm","level":2,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680754","display_name":"Adaptive mutation","level":3,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778212267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664764","display_name":"Location-allocation","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776756026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868068","display_name":"Logistics center","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19060481","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19060481","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/6/481/pdf?version=1781515755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9e1dc9764d5943218ec671ee9063deb2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9e1dc9764d5943218ec671ee9063deb2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 19, Iss 6, p 481 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19060481","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19060481","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/6/481/pdf?version=1781515755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6881548762321472}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164865018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164865018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523741643","https://openalex.org/W3022608984","https://openalex.org/W4200439521","https://openalex.org/W4296229129","https://openalex.org/W4311939468","https://openalex.org/W4312582807","https://openalex.org/W4366987705","https://openalex.org/W4385611412","https://openalex.org/W4387005869","https://openalex.org/W4389782871","https://openalex.org/W4393940275","https://openalex.org/W4402050320","https://openalex.org/W4402680734","https://openalex.org/W4407361698","https://openalex.org/W4410721555","https://openalex.org/W4410792888","https://openalex.org/W4416164990"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,81,163],"selection":[1],"of":[2,59,65,95,107,154,170,188],"locations":[3],"for":[4,185],"logistics":[5,13,139,189],"distribution":[6,60,175,190],"centers":[7],"poses":[8],"a":[9,25,46,78,92,155,180],"significant":[10],"challenge":[11],"in":[12,22,30,147,151,173],"network":[14],"planning.":[15],"Traditional":[16],"methods":[17],"often":[18],"demonstrate":[19],"limited":[20],"accuracy":[21],"solutions":[23],"and":[24,77,138,168],"tendency":[26],"to":[27,55,99],"become":[28],"trapped":[29],"local":[31],"optima":[32],"when":[33],"addressing":[34],"large-scale,":[35],"multi-constraint":[36],"location":[37,58,156],"models.":[38],"To":[39],"address":[40],"these":[41],"shortcomings,":[42],"this":[43],"study":[44],"introduces":[45],"firefly":[47,68],"algorithm":[48],"enhanced":[49],"by":[50],"genetic":[51],"mutation":[52,79,93],"strategies":[53],"(GVFA)":[54],"optimize":[56],"the":[57,63,66,105,116,121,126,129,152,166,186],"centers.":[61,191],"Within":[62],"framework":[64],"standard":[67],"algorithm,":[69],"we":[70],"incorporate":[71],"an":[72],"adaptive":[73],"step-size":[74],"decay":[75],"mechanism":[76],"operator.":[80],"movement":[82],"step":[83],"size":[84],"adjusts":[85],"dynamically":[86],"based":[87],"on":[88],"iteration":[89],"counts,":[90],"while":[91],"probability":[94],"5%":[96],"is":[97],"implemented":[98],"maintain":[100],"population":[101,127],"diversity,":[102],"effectively":[103],"reducing":[104],"risk":[106],"premature":[108],"convergence.":[109],"A":[110],"specialized":[111],"boundary-handling":[112],"strategy":[113],"ensures":[114],"that":[115],"search":[117],"process":[118],"remains":[119],"within":[120],"feasible":[122],"solution":[123],"space,":[124],"guiding":[125],"toward":[128],"global":[130],"optimum.":[131],"Experiments":[132],"were":[133],"conducted":[134],"using":[135],"latitude\u2013longitude":[136],"coordinates":[137],"demand":[140],"data":[141],"from":[142],"159":[143],"Cainiao":[144],"Post":[145],"stations":[146],"Hengyang":[148],"City,":[149],"resulting":[150],"construction":[153],"model":[157],"aimed":[158],"at":[159],"minimizing":[160],"total":[161],"costs.":[162],"findings":[164],"confirm":[165],"efficiency":[167],"stability":[169],"our":[171],"method":[172],"optimizing":[174],"center":[176],"locations,":[177],"thereby":[178],"providing":[179],"novel":[181],"intelligent":[182],"optimization":[183],"approach":[184],"siting":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-06-16T00:00:00"}
