{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154955801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19040320","title":"Assessment of Distributed PV Hosting Capacity in Distribution Areas Based on Operating Region Analysis","display_name":"Assessment of Distributed PV Hosting Capacity in Distribution Areas Based on Operating Region Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154955801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19040320"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19040320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19040320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/4/320/pdf?version=1776691174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/4/320/pdf?version=1776691174","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134090310","display_name":"Xiaofeng Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123459920","display_name":"Can Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134041749","display_name":"Junting Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junting Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134073974","display_name":"Qiong Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134061863","display_name":"Yuying Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Suzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215004, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134005554","display_name":"Junpeng Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junpeng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134090310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38736543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"320","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-point","display_name":"Operating point","score":0.5212000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaics","display_name":"Photovoltaics","score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4916999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacity-planning","display_name":"Capacity planning","score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-optimization","display_name":"Robust optimization","score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-cost","display_name":"Operating cost","score":0.3034999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6266999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5554999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22762622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628904","display_name":"Operating point","level":2,"score":0.5212000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4916999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.41339999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781007418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456934","display_name":"Capacity planning","level":2,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193254401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160088","display_name":"Robust optimization","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362005","display_name":"Operating cost","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116615679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795908","display_name":"Maximum power principle","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.27469998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210494","display_name":"Power Balance","level":3,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19040320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19040320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/4/320/pdf?version=1776691174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d153bcac96e49e1b7eac849cc716e57","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d153bcac96e49e1b7eac849cc716e57","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 19, Iss 4, p 320 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19040320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19040320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/4/320/pdf?version=1776691174","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8428255319595337,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6655094488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20221165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7154955801.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7154955801.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,27,52,58,70,74,90,93,99,107,117,122,163,171,193,197,208,218,224],"high":[2],"penetration":[3,234],"of":[4,92,124,192,221],"distributed":[5],"photovoltaics":[6],"(PV)":[7],"in":[8,80],"distribution":[9,53,235],"areas,":[10],"transformer":[11,59],"capacity":[12,30,77,103,166,200,211],"limits":[13],"and":[14,64,119,129,156,196,237],"source\u2013load":[15,185],"fluctuations":[16],"have":[17],"become":[18],"key":[19],"factors":[20],"constraining":[21],"PV":[22,28,75],"accommodation.":[23],"To":[24,142],"accurately":[25],"assess":[26],"hosting":[29,76,102,165,199,210],"under":[31,167,201],"energy":[32,61,238],"storage":[33,62,239],"regulation,":[34],"this":[35,68,144],"paper":[36],"proposes":[37,121],"an":[38,149],"assessment":[39],"method":[40,216],"based":[41,137,152],"on":[42,138,153,223],"operating":[43,95,194],"region":[44,96,108],"analysis.":[45],"First,":[46],"a":[47,125,131,139,189,228],"coordinated":[48],"operation":[49],"model":[50,135],"for":[51,73,116,231],"area":[54],"is":[55,159,204],"established,":[56],"incorporating":[57],"capacity,":[60],"constraints,":[63],"power":[65,86],"balance.":[66],"On":[67],"basis,":[69],"calculation":[71],"boundaries":[72],"are":[78],"discussed":[79],"two":[81],"scenarios:":[82],"Model":[83,110],"1":[84],"ignores":[85],"curve":[87],"uncertainty,":[88],"characterizing":[89],"geometry":[91],"conventional":[94],"to":[97,161,179,188],"find":[98],"maximum":[100],"deterministic":[101,209],"(S1)":[104],"that":[105,184],"keeps":[106],"non-empty.":[109],"2":[111],"introduces":[112],"box-type":[113],"uncertainty":[114,168,186,202,222],"sets":[115],"source":[118],"load,":[120],"concept":[123],"\u201cSelf-Balanced":[126],"Operating":[127],"Region\u201d,":[128],"constructs":[130],"robust":[132,164,198],"feasibility":[133],"determination":[134],"(f3)":[136],"Min\u2013Max\u2013Min":[140],"structure.":[141],"solve":[143],"multi-layer":[145],"nested":[146],"non-convex":[147],"model,":[148],"iterative":[150],"algorithm":[151],"duality":[154],"theory":[155],"Benders":[157],"decomposition":[158],"employed":[160],"determine":[162],"(S2)":[169],"at":[170],"critical":[172],"point":[173],"where":[174],"f3":[175],"shifts":[176],"from":[177],"zero":[178],"non-zero.":[180],"Case":[181],"studies":[182],"show":[183],"leads":[187],"significant":[190],"contraction":[191],"region,":[195],"requirements":[203],"strictly":[205],"less":[206],"than":[207],"(S1":[212],">":[213],"S2).":[214],"This":[215],"quantifies":[217],"reduction":[219],"effect":[220],"accommodation":[225],"capability,":[226],"providing":[227],"theoretical":[229],"basis":[230],"planning":[232],"high-renewable":[233],"areas":[236],"configuration.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-04-21T00:00:00"}