{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7138846884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19030233","title":"Flight Schedule Problem Optimization Based on Discrete Memory-Enhanced Restructured Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm","display_name":"Flight Schedule Problem Optimization Based on Discrete Memory-Enhanced Restructured Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7138846884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19030233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19030233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19030233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/3/233/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/3/233/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020824023","display_name":"Wei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-7013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83791580","display_name":"Fujian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Fuzhou Technology and Business University, Fuzhou 350715, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Fuzhou Technology and Business University, Fuzhou 350715, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539","https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081644716","display_name":"Bingnan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83791580","display_name":"Fujian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingnan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130073994","display_name":"Jianhua Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83791580","display_name":"Fujian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129776730","display_name":"Daoming Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83791580","display_name":"Fujian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daoming Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130073994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83791580"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4394299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":"233","last_page":"233"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9061999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9061999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11524","display_name":"Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.714900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5586000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.45570001006126404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.7457000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.714900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6929000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5586000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4397999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145671259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493786","display_name":"Discrete optimization","level":3,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4935549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822261","display_name":"Meta-optimization","level":3,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177918212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52692508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333872","display_name":"Combinatorial optimization","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28767586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135006","display_name":"Parallel metaheuristic","level":4,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92995354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165499","display_name":"Continuous optimization","level":4,"score":0.2606000006198883}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19030233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19030233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/3/233/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:92e8228d5bd84b5fb7690cd763d536b7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/92e8228d5bd84b5fb7690cd763d536b7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 19, Iss 3, p 233 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a19030233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a19030233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/19/3/233/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138846884.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7138846884.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Flight":[0,42,71,130,195],"Schedule":[1,72,131,196],"Problem":[2,44,197],"optimization":[3,9,198],"is":[4,12,82,108],"a":[5,31,50,75],"typical":[6],"NP-hard":[7],"combinatorial":[8],"problem":[10],"that":[11,161,186],"challenging":[13],"to":[14,40,123,126,158],"solve":[15],"using":[16,138],"traditional":[17],"algorithms,":[18],"so":[19],"metaheuristic":[20],"algorithms":[21],"are":[22,119,136,162],"commonly":[23],"adopted":[24],"for":[25,69,193],"such":[26],"problems.":[27,199],"This":[28],"paper":[29,48],"proposes":[30],"Discrete":[32],"Memory-Enhanced":[33,94],"Restructured":[34,95],"Particle":[35,96],"Swarm":[36,97],"Optimization":[37,98],"algorithm":[38,170],"(DMERPSO)":[39],"address":[41],"Scheduling":[43],"optimization.":[45],"Firstly,":[46],"this":[47],"designs":[49],"hybrid":[51],"particle":[52,80],"encoding":[53],"scheme":[54],"capable":[55],"of":[56,79,92,104,117,152],"simultaneously":[57],"handling":[58],"flight":[59,143,155],"time":[60],"adjustments":[61],"(integer":[62],"variables)":[63,68],"and":[64,101,114,181],"route":[65],"selections":[66],"(categorical":[67],"the":[70,89,93,102,105,111,128,150],"Problem.":[73,132],"Secondly,":[74],"new":[76,191],"update":[77],"equation":[78],"positions":[81],"provided":[83],"based":[84,140],"on":[85,141],"probability":[86,107],"selection":[87,106],"within":[88],"three":[90],"terms":[91,116],"(MERPSO)":[99],"algorithm,":[100],"calculation":[103],"designed.":[109],"Thirdly,":[110],"two":[112],"strategies":[113],"perturbation":[115],"MERPSO":[118],"improved":[120],"in":[121,174],"order":[122],"be":[124],"adapted":[125],"optimize":[127],"discrete":[129],"Finally,":[133],"simulation":[134],"experiments":[135],"conducted":[137],"DMERPSO":[139,169,187],"real":[142],"data":[144],"from":[145],"multiple":[146],"Chinese":[147],"airports":[148],"with":[149],"objective":[151],"minimizing":[153],"total":[154,176],"delays,":[156,177],"leading":[157],"better":[159],"solutions":[160],"faster":[163],"than":[164],"various":[165],"benchmark":[166],"algorithms.":[167],"The":[168],"exhibits":[171],"significant":[172],"advantages":[173],"reducing":[175],"improving":[178],"solution":[179],"stability,":[180],"enhancing":[182],"robustness,":[183],"which":[184],"validates":[185],"provides":[188],"an":[189],"effective":[190],"approach":[192],"solving":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}
