{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408093993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18030134","title":"Edge Detection Attention Module in Pure Vision Transformer for Low-Dose X-Ray Computed Tomography Image Denoising","display_name":"Edge Detection Attention Module in Pure Vision Transformer for Low-Dose X-Ray Computed Tomography Image Denoising","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408093993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18030134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18030134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18030134","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/3/134/pdf?version=1740984245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/3/134/pdf?version=1740984245","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049477587","display_name":"Luella Marcos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-2904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luella Marcos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017986343","display_name":"Paul Babyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8965-7305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Babyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086896369","display_name":"Javad Alirezaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7129-4825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javad Alirezaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086896369"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.2996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77369444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"134","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.6844918727874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6557746529579163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6050326228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.49354493618011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.462015300989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.4543430805206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-denoising","display_name":"Image denoising","score":0.4358070194721222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4245923161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.4238338768482208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.41958779096603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.33730417490005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32327955961227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2917630076408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2720378041267395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.6844918727874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6557746529579163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6050326228141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.49354493618011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.462015300989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.4543430805206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983327147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Image denoising","level":3,"score":0.4358070194721222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4245923161506653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.4238338768482208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.41958779096603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.33730417490005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32327955961227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2917630076408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2720378041267395}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18030134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18030134","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/3/134/pdf?version=1740984245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58232a50935c4fd5a8437a72c15e8bc4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58232a50935c4fd5a8437a72c15e8bc4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 18, Iss 3, p 134 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18030134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18030134","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/18/3/134/pdf?version=1740984245","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1672063398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-202004441","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408093993.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080004987","https://openalex.org/W2153663612","https://openalex.org/W2748739903","https://openalex.org/W2972491395","https://openalex.org/W3049688872","https://openalex.org/W3089412038","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3202775094","https://openalex.org/W3203382879","https://openalex.org/W4285126072","https://openalex.org/W4310120292","https://openalex.org/W4312816107","https://openalex.org/W4318200621","https://openalex.org/W4322630609","https://openalex.org/W4324129649","https://openalex.org/W4376619205","https://openalex.org/W4377028405","https://openalex.org/W4387092891","https://openalex.org/W4388660677","https://openalex.org/W4391850455","https://openalex.org/W4392299003","https://openalex.org/W4394784247","https://openalex.org/W4394822011","https://openalex.org/W4396858783","https://openalex.org/W4399206235","https://openalex.org/W4400310269","https://openalex.org/W4401077417","https://openalex.org/W4401213563","https://openalex.org/W4402070183","https://openalex.org/W6759001153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087258800","https://openalex.org/W2810018092","https://openalex.org/W4407169614","https://openalex.org/W2387428419","https://openalex.org/W4401571043","https://openalex.org/W2098237619","https://openalex.org/W1974034585","https://openalex.org/W4406054402","https://openalex.org/W4312627788","https://openalex.org/W2353444452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"X-ray":[0],"computed":[1],"tomography":[2],"(CT)":[3],"is":[4],"vital":[5],"for":[6,41,167],"medical":[7],"diagnostics,":[8],"but":[9],"frequent":[10],"radiation":[11],"exposure":[12],"raises":[13],"concerns,":[14],"driving":[15],"the":[16,92,143,155],"adoption":[17],"of":[18,94],"low-dose":[19],"CT":[20],"(LDCT)":[21],"to":[22,51],"mitigate":[23],"risks.":[24],"However,":[25],"LDCT":[26,42,133,169],"often":[27],"introduces":[28],"noise,":[29],"compromising":[30],"diagnostic":[31],"accuracy.":[32],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"proposes":[35],"a":[36,46,164],"pure":[37],"vision":[38],"transformer":[39],"(PViT)":[40],"denoising,":[43],"enhanced":[44],"with":[45,117],"gradient\u2013Laplacian":[47],"attention":[48,85],"module":[49],"(GLAM)":[50],"improve":[52],"edge":[53],"preservation":[54],"and":[55,87,101,110,124,139,148,159],"fine":[56,118],"structural":[57],"detail":[58],"reconstruction.":[59],"The":[60],"model\u2019s":[61,156],"robustness":[62],"was":[63],"validated":[64],"across":[65],"five":[66],"diverse":[67],"datasets":[68],"(piglet,":[69],"head,":[70],"abdomen,":[71],"chest,":[72],"thoracic),":[73],"demonstrating":[74],"consistent":[75],"performance":[76],"in":[77,115,128],"preserving":[78],"anatomical":[79,112],"structures.":[80,126],"Extensive":[81],"ablation":[82],"studies":[83],"on":[84],"configurations":[86],"loss":[88],"functions":[89],"further":[90],"substantiated":[91],"contributions":[93],"each":[95],"module.":[96],"Quantitative":[97],"evaluation":[98],"using":[99],"PSNR":[100],"SSIM,":[102],"alongside":[103],"radiologist":[104],"assessment,":[105],"confirmed":[106],"significant":[107],"noise":[108],"suppression":[109],"sharper":[111],"boundaries,":[113],"particularly":[114],"regions":[116],"details":[119],"such":[120],"as":[121],"organ":[122],"interfaces":[123],"bone":[125],"Additionally,":[127],"benchmark":[129],"comparisons":[130],"against":[131],"state-of-the-art":[132],"models":[134],"(RED-CNN,":[135],"TED-Net,":[136],"DSC-GAN,":[137],"DRL-EMP)":[138],"traditional":[140],"methods":[141],"(BM3D),":[142],"model":[144],"exhibited":[145],"lower":[146],"parameter":[147],"stable":[149],"training":[150],"performance.":[151],"These":[152],"findings":[153],"highlight":[154],"robustness,":[157],"efficiency,":[158],"clinical":[160],"applicability,":[161],"making":[162],"it":[163],"promising":[165],"solution":[166],"improving":[168],"image":[170],"quality":[171],"while":[172],"maintaining":[173],"computational":[174],"efficiency.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
