{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403103526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17100442","title":"Enhancing Security in Social Networks through Machine Learning: Detecting and Mitigating Sybil Attacks with SybilSocNet","display_name":"Enhancing Security in Social Networks through Machine Learning: Detecting and Mitigating Sybil Attacks with SybilSocNet","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403103526","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17100442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17100442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17100442","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/10/442/pdf?version=1728270630","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/10/442/pdf?version=1728270630","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084211880","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio C\u00e1rdenas-Haro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-5433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117942362","display_name":"Western Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sshz518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio C\u00e1rdenas-Haro","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-5433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074720740","display_name":"Mohamed Salem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-175X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117942362","display_name":"Western Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sshz518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-175X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015017723","display_name":"Abraham N. Aldaco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-3966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117942362","display_name":"Western Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sshz518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham N. Aldaco-Gast\u00e9lum","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-3966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044330521","display_name":"Roberto L. Avitia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-6560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117942362","display_name":"Western Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sshz518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto L\u00f3pez-Avitia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-6560","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038277588","display_name":"Maurice Dawson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-3444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117942362","display_name":"Western Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sshz518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurice Dawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-3444","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Sciences, Western Illinois University, 1 University Cir, Macomb, IL 61455, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084211880"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117942362"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.2166,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55140732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"442","last_page":"442"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9807000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.616617739200592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sybil-attack","display_name":"Sybil attack","score":0.6123872995376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6056240797042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.45742619037628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-security","display_name":"Social security","score":0.41887474060058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22605550289154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.1697288453578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.09385159611701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08237367868423462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.616617739200592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777505653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4470796","display_name":"Sybil attack","level":3,"score":0.6123872995376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6056240797042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.45742619037628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777111884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Social security","level":2,"score":0.41887474060058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22605550289154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.1697288453578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09385159611701965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08237367868423462}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17100442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17100442","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/10/442/pdf?version=1728270630","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9dd4ba7e7006405180fd3ba939d77d29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9dd4ba7e7006405180fd3ba939d77d29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 17, Iss 10, p 442 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17100442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17100442","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/10/442/pdf?version=1728270630","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403103526.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403103526.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515824999","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1524660844","https://openalex.org/W1540342444","https://openalex.org/W1551333318","https://openalex.org/W1587819022","https://openalex.org/W1664483094","https://openalex.org/W1973225261","https://openalex.org/W1980035202","https://openalex.org/W2014884277","https://openalex.org/W2054576728","https://openalex.org/W2059253201","https://openalex.org/W2097936772","https://openalex.org/W2110221314","https://openalex.org/W2116269350","https://openalex.org/W2131716537","https://openalex.org/W2132918796","https://openalex.org/W2137816628","https://openalex.org/W2141730835","https://openalex.org/W2150941206","https://openalex.org/W2165491783","https://openalex.org/W2169936990","https://openalex.org/W2504251035","https://openalex.org/W2510620627","https://openalex.org/W2529620504","https://openalex.org/W2761308816","https://openalex.org/W2764040154","https://openalex.org/W2810349670","https://openalex.org/W2884379941","https://openalex.org/W2962853362","https://openalex.org/W2986868741","https://openalex.org/W3013862803","https://openalex.org/W3040964062","https://openalex.org/W3045918422","https://openalex.org/W3129021519","https://openalex.org/W3190407484","https://openalex.org/W4206091758","https://openalex.org/W4206115082","https://openalex.org/W4210958933","https://openalex.org/W4233876517","https://openalex.org/W4240443285","https://openalex.org/W4285589121","https://openalex.org/W4308560866","https://openalex.org/W4312046000","https://openalex.org/W4313826623","https://openalex.org/W4322419765","https://openalex.org/W4366986925","https://openalex.org/W4376643669","https://openalex.org/W4380486763","https://openalex.org/W4400134761","https://openalex.org/W6604248877","https://openalex.org/W6636944375","https://openalex.org/W6724897754","https://openalex.org/W6767025290","https://openalex.org/W6772481838","https://openalex.org/W6805112016","https://openalex.org/W6853140036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2340192855","https://openalex.org/W2741062270","https://openalex.org/W2326507185","https://openalex.org/W2165491783","https://openalex.org/W2783409857","https://openalex.org/W2318209665","https://openalex.org/W2025212824","https://openalex.org/W2507200473"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,73],"study":[1,74],"contributes":[2],"to":[3,50,89,102,121],"the":[4,59,76,80,85,118],"Sybil":[5,35,123],"node-detecting":[6],"algorithm":[7],"in":[8,125,129,132,137],"online":[9,17],"social":[10,18],"networks":[11,19],"(OSNs).":[12],"As":[13],"major":[14],"communication":[15],"platforms,":[16],"are":[20],"significantly":[21],"guarded":[22],"from":[23],"malicious":[24],"activity.":[25],"A":[26],"thorough":[27],"literature":[28],"review":[29],"identified":[30],"various":[31],"detection":[32],"and":[33,45,64,105,111,135,140],"prevention":[34],"attack":[36],"algorithms.":[37],"An":[38],"additional":[39],"exploration":[40],"of":[41,54,70,107],"distinct":[42],"reputation":[43],"systems":[44],"their":[46,113],"practical":[47],"applications":[48],"led":[49,101],"this":[51],"study\u2019s":[52],"discovery":[53],"machine":[55,91],"learning":[56,92],"algorithms,":[57,67,93],"i.e.,":[58],"KNN,":[60],"support":[61],"vector":[62],"machine,":[63],"random":[65,133],"forest":[66],"as":[68],"part":[69],"our":[71,108],"SybilSocNet.":[72],"details":[75],"data-cleansing":[77],"process":[78,100],"for":[79,83],"employed":[81],"dataset":[82,96],"optimizing":[84],"computational":[86],"demands":[87],"required":[88],"train":[90],"achieved":[94],"through":[95],"partitioning.":[97],"Such":[98],"a":[99],"an":[103],"explanation":[104],"analysis":[106],"conducted":[109],"experiments":[110,116],"comparing":[112],"results.":[114],"The":[115],"demonstrated":[117],"algorithm\u2019s":[119],"ability":[120],"detect":[122],"nodes":[124],"OSNs":[126],"(99.9%":[127],"accuracy":[128],"SVM,":[130],"99.6%":[131],"forest,":[134],"97%":[136],"KNN":[138],"algorithms),":[139],"we":[141],"propose":[142],"future":[143],"research":[144],"opportunities.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
