{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401078341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328","title":"High-Fidelity Steganography: A Covert Parity Bit Model-Based Approach","display_name":"High-Fidelity Steganography: A Covert Parity Bit Model-Based Approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401078341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17080328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056039287","display_name":"Tamer Rabie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4003-1592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamer Rabie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing & Informatics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing & Informatics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027125268","display_name":"Mohammed Baziyad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0272-2659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Baziyad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Sciences & Engineering (RISE), University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049545076","display_name":"Ibrahim Kamel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5546-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Kamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing & Informatics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing & Informatics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027125268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.7479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71307305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"328","last_page":"328"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8069525957107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.6990136504173279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6049328446388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5472686886787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5311568975448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5064774751663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.4718729853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.44230103492736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4286540150642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4276074767112732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3428957462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.34189724922180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3238055109977722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.22231605648994446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8069525957107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.6990136504173279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6049328446388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5472686886787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5311568975448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5064774751663208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.4718729853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.44230103492736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4286540150642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4276074767112732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3428957462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34189724922180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3238055109977722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.22231605648994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17080328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:161528b34b2141d7a058e099cf22daeb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/161528b34b2141d7a058e099cf22daeb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 17, Iss 8, p 328 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17080328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17080328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989479391","https://openalex.org/W1997244559","https://openalex.org/W2029534884","https://openalex.org/W2057475819","https://openalex.org/W2133743319","https://openalex.org/W2137040818","https://openalex.org/W2163868069","https://openalex.org/W2269124040","https://openalex.org/W2326298076","https://openalex.org/W2474098740","https://openalex.org/W2564707170","https://openalex.org/W2567092197","https://openalex.org/W2570248523","https://openalex.org/W2610314771","https://openalex.org/W2610892808","https://openalex.org/W2726476877","https://openalex.org/W2765178146","https://openalex.org/W2794624153","https://openalex.org/W2900141423","https://openalex.org/W2945365354","https://openalex.org/W3174795132","https://openalex.org/W3209127094","https://openalex.org/W4242073630","https://openalex.org/W4285044511","https://openalex.org/W4302425186","https://openalex.org/W4309634873","https://openalex.org/W4309914081","https://openalex.org/W4315641421","https://openalex.org/W4361007977","https://openalex.org/W4362553511","https://openalex.org/W4367844789","https://openalex.org/W4378902994","https://openalex.org/W4382318756","https://openalex.org/W4385446699","https://openalex.org/W4385457752","https://openalex.org/W4385724483","https://openalex.org/W4386231919","https://openalex.org/W4386289657","https://openalex.org/W4386998086","https://openalex.org/W4387106002","https://openalex.org/W4387184842","https://openalex.org/W4387952692","https://openalex.org/W4391432150","https://openalex.org/W4392768294","https://openalex.org/W4393947203","https://openalex.org/W4395048474","https://openalex.org/W6630436116","https://openalex.org/W6693383070","https://openalex.org/W6802935247","https://openalex.org/W6857200174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373405822","https://openalex.org/W2356840395","https://openalex.org/W3203504906","https://openalex.org/W2497446005","https://openalex.org/W3190769222","https://openalex.org/W2171676767","https://openalex.org/W4312890355","https://openalex.org/W2189589914","https://openalex.org/W83713408","https://openalex.org/W4293373802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Discrete":[1],"Cosine":[2],"Transform":[3],"(DCT)":[4],"is":[5,67,94,153],"fundamental":[6],"to":[7,13,16,96,103,125,146,158],"high-capacity":[8],"data":[9],"hiding":[10],"schemes":[11],"due":[12],"its":[14,156],"ability":[15],"condense":[17],"signals":[18],"into":[19],"a":[20,72,116,122,165],"few":[21],"significant":[22],"coefficients":[23,28,33],"while":[24,48],"leaving":[25],"many":[26,45],"high-frequency":[27,32,56,79],"relatively":[29],"insignificant.":[30],"These":[31],"are":[34],"often":[35],"replaced":[36],"with":[37],"secret":[38,46,92],"data,":[39],"allowing":[40],"for":[41],"the":[42,60,76,91,100,105,108,112,118,126,137,142,150,174],"embedding":[43,83],"of":[44,78,90,141],"bits":[47],"maintaining":[49],"acceptable":[50],"stego":[51,61,119,143,177],"signal":[52,93,102,110],"quality.":[53],"However,":[54],"because":[55],"components":[57,81],"still":[58],"affect":[59],"signal\u2019s":[62],"quality,":[63],"preserving":[64],"their":[65],"structure":[66,77,123],"beneficial.":[68],"This":[69],"work":[70],"introduces":[71],"method":[73],"that":[74,133],"maintains":[75],"DCT":[80],"during":[82],"through":[84],"polynomial":[85],"modeling.":[86],"A":[87],"scaled-down":[88],"version":[89],"added":[95],"or":[97],"subtracted":[98],"from":[99],"polynomial-generated":[101,113],"minimize":[104],"error":[106],"between":[107,173],"cover":[109,128,175],"and":[111,139,176],"signal.":[114],"As":[115],"result,":[117],"image":[120,144],"retains":[121],"similar":[124],"original":[127],"image.":[129],"Experimental":[130],"results":[131],"demonstrate":[132],"this":[134],"scheme":[135],"improves":[136],"quality":[138],"security":[140],"compared":[145],"current":[147],"methods.":[148],"Notably,":[149],"technique\u2019s":[151],"robustness":[152],"confirmed":[154],"by":[155,160],"resistance":[157],"detection":[159],"deep":[161],"learning":[162],"methods,":[163],"as":[164],"Convolutional":[166],"Neural":[167],"Network":[168],"(CNN)":[169],"could":[170],"not":[171],"distinguish":[172],"images.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}