{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396220721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17050183","title":"Advancements in Data Analysis for the Work-Sampling Method","display_name":"Advancements in Data Analysis for the Work-Sampling Method","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396220721","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17050183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17050183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17050183","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/5/183/pdf?version=1714382445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/5/183/pdf?version=1714382445","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022470824","display_name":"Borut Buchmeister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-9596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","display_name":"University of Maribor","ror":"https://ror.org/01d5jce07","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Borut Buchmeister","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-9596","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068104757","display_name":"Nata\u0161a Vujica Herzog","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-2977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","display_name":"University of Maribor","ror":"https://ror.org/01d5jce07","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasa Vujica Herzog","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022470824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.4379,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63021512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"5","first_page":"183","last_page":"183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9634000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":0.9296000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9280999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7653541564941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.7416800260543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.6365166306495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.5992089509963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5853977203369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5744591355323792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experience-sampling-method","display_name":"Experience sampling method","score":0.4691027104854584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.45598721504211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.42950743436813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-in-process","display_name":"Work in process","score":0.4218525290489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repetition","display_name":"Repetition (rhetorical device)","score":0.4156273603439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40975421667099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3499637246131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3460067808628082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3254627585411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3203529119491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13411036133766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.12980467081069946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7653541564941406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.7416800260543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6365166306495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5992089509963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5853977203369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5744591355323792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65499552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421061","display_name":"Experience sampling method","level":2,"score":0.4691027104854584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.45598721504211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.42950743436813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.4218525290489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776141515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1274479","display_name":"Repetition (rhetorical device)","level":2,"score":0.4156273603439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40975421667099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3499637246131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3460067808628082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3254627585411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3203529119491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13411036133766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.12980467081069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17050183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17050183","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/5/183/pdf?version=1714382445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dk.um.si:IzpisGradiva.php?id=88538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=179165&dn=","pdf_url":"https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=179165&dn=","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196302","display_name":"University of Maribor digital library (University of Maribor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","host_organization_name":"University of Maribor","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, vol. 17, no. 5, 2024.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d990e506b3b64deeb3219888d9c0c5c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d990e506b3b64deeb3219888d9c0c5c0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 17, Iss 5, p 183 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a17050183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a17050183","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/17/5/183/pdf?version=1714382445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3939557058","display_name":"Advanced concepts of production management and dimensional metrology","funder_award_id":"P2-0190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323569","display_name":"Ministrstvo za Izobra\u017eevanje, Znanost in \u0160port","ror":"https://ror.org/05tahaz79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396220721.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612153561","https://openalex.org/W636273094","https://openalex.org/W1610421840","https://openalex.org/W1980240757","https://openalex.org/W2098211868","https://openalex.org/W2162018321","https://openalex.org/W2222531272","https://openalex.org/W2491964902","https://openalex.org/W2560248844","https://openalex.org/W2774181499","https://openalex.org/W2884455588","https://openalex.org/W2922497670","https://openalex.org/W3000237322","https://openalex.org/W3000345413","https://openalex.org/W3093763451","https://openalex.org/W4248085210","https://openalex.org/W4281264152","https://openalex.org/W4294566500","https://openalex.org/W4313364011","https://openalex.org/W4366279859","https://openalex.org/W4381059499","https://openalex.org/W4389233593","https://openalex.org/W4390236438","https://openalex.org/W6683898186","https://openalex.org/W6730543300","https://openalex.org/W6746149960","https://openalex.org/W6760342923","https://openalex.org/W6772681441","https://openalex.org/W6784545937","https://openalex.org/W6848604907"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996195527","https://openalex.org/W2039864646","https://openalex.org/W2978375718","https://openalex.org/W2612358220","https://openalex.org/W2351132524","https://openalex.org/W2916738897","https://openalex.org/W2392934913","https://openalex.org/W2756922775","https://openalex.org/W2768580528","https://openalex.org/W2020973940"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,94,154],"work-sampling":[1,95,123],"method":[2],"makes":[3],"it":[4],"possible":[5,104],"to":[6,23,91,116,140,148,195],"gain":[7],"valuable":[8],"insights":[9],"into":[10],"what":[11],"is":[12,19,44,77,97],"happening":[13],"in":[14,138],"production":[15,202],"systems.":[16],"Work":[17],"sampling":[18,82],"a":[20,54,74,127],"process":[21,120],"used":[22,90],"estimate":[24],"the":[25,70,80,107,118,131,162,165,169,172,175,190,201],"proportion":[26],"of":[27,51,72,130,135,164,171,200],"shift":[28],"time":[29],"that":[30,87,184],"workers":[31],"(or":[32],"machines)":[33],"spend":[34],"on":[35,47,122,168],"different":[36],"activities":[37,52,137,167],"(within":[38],"productive":[39],"work":[40],"or":[41,66,147],"losses).":[42],"It":[43],"estimated":[45],"based":[46,121],"enough":[48],"random":[49],"observations":[50],"over":[53],"selected":[55,166],"period.":[56],"When":[57],"workplace":[58],"operations":[59],"do":[60],"not":[61],"have":[62,186],"short":[63],"cycle":[64],"times":[65],"high":[67],"repetition":[68],"rates,":[69],"use":[71],"such":[73],"statistical":[75],"technique":[76],"necessary":[78],"because":[79],"labor":[81],"data":[83],"can":[84,88,180],"provide":[85],"information":[86],"be":[89],"set":[92],"standards.":[93],"procedure":[96],"well":[98],"standardized,":[99],"but":[100],"additional":[101,176],"contributions":[102],"are":[103,144],"when":[105],"evaluating":[106],"observations.":[108],"In":[109],"this":[110],"paper,":[111],"we":[112,179],"present":[113],"our":[114],"contribution":[115],"improving":[117],"decision-making":[119,159],"data.":[124],"We":[125],"introduce":[126],"correlation":[128],"comparison":[129],"measured":[132],"hourly":[133],"shares":[134],"all":[136],"pairs":[139],"check":[141],"whether":[142],"there":[143],"mutual":[145],"connections":[146,151],"uncover":[149,181],"hidden":[150],"between":[152],"activities.":[153],"results":[155],"allow":[156],"for":[157],"easier":[158],"(conclusions)":[160],"regarding":[161],"influence":[163],"triggering":[170],"others.":[173],"With":[174],"calculation":[177],"method,":[178],"behavioral":[182],"patterns":[183],"would":[185],"been":[187],"overlooked":[188],"with":[189],"basic":[191],"method.":[192],"This":[193],"leads":[194],"improved":[196],"efficiency":[197],"and":[198],"productivity":[199],"system.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}