{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4290467253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080277","title":"Solar Photovoltaic Integration in Monopolar DC Networks via the GNDO Algorithm","display_name":"Solar Photovoltaic Integration in Monopolar DC Networks via the GNDO Algorithm","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4290467253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080277"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15080277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/8/277/pdf?version=1659693284","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/8/277/pdf?version=1659693284","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091167317","display_name":"Oscar Danilo Montoya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I332011152","display_name":"District University of Bogot\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/02jsxd428","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141943178","display_name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Bol\u00edvar","ror":"https://ror.org/01d171k92","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141943178"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Danilo Montoya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grupo de Compatibilidad e Interferencia Electromagn\u00e9tica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas, Bogota 110231, Colombia","Laboratorio Inteligente de Energ\u00eda, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Bol\u00edvar, Cartagena 131001, Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grupo de Compatibilidad e Interferencia Electromagn\u00e9tica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas, Bogota 110231, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Inteligente de Energ\u00eda, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Bol\u00edvar, Cartagena 131001, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141943178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004614202","display_name":"Walter Gil-Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-1197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200183955","display_name":"Technological University of Pereira","ror":"https://ror.org/01d981710","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200183955"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Gil-Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira 660003, Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira 660003, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200183955"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003816455","display_name":"Luis Fernando Grisales-Nore\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-9756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094719","display_name":"Pascual Bravo Institution University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1b0733","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094719"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Fernando Grisales-Nore\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Instituci\u00f3n Universitaria Pascual Bravo, Campus Robledo, Medellin 050036, Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Instituci\u00f3n Universitaria Pascual Bravo, Campus Robledo, Medellin 050036, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094719"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091167317"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141943178","https://openalex.org/I332011152"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.1061,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76340125,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"277","last_page":"277"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.7630738019943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6148959398269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5374975204467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5112955570220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4353167712688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.43237560987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-flow","display_name":"Power flow","score":0.4267449975013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.42379939556121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33027076721191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.29368236660957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12131491303443909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.10832899808883667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.7630738019943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6148959398269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5374975204467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5112955570220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4353167712688446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.43237560987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986056383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power flow","level":4,"score":0.4267449975013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.42379939556121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33027076721191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.29368236660957336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12131491303443909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.10832899808883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15080277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/8/277/pdf?version=1659693284","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/11124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/11124","pdf_url":"http://repositorio.utb.edu.co/bitstreams/c37a6843-5e35-4aae-b925-f2c652fd7a83/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055175","display_name":"Repositorio UTB","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms Vol. 15 N\u00b0 8 ( 2022)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4f8f4d76373f439f85397bd1f9bfb958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4f8f4d76373f439f85397bd1f9bfb958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 15, Iss 8, p 277 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/15/8/277/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15080277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 15; Issue 8; Pages: 277","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15080277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080277","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/8/277/pdf?version=1659693284","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290467253.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4290467253.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605485802","https://openalex.org/W1862140993","https://openalex.org/W1967766138","https://openalex.org/W1983968772","https://openalex.org/W2040995955","https://openalex.org/W2100197017","https://openalex.org/W2211751114","https://openalex.org/W2306208926","https://openalex.org/W2468745991","https://openalex.org/W2469993193","https://openalex.org/W2528041244","https://openalex.org/W2621248554","https://openalex.org/W2794665582","https://openalex.org/W2802430592","https://openalex.org/W2963079424","https://openalex.org/W2981285713","https://openalex.org/W3006543788","https://openalex.org/W3007841853","https://openalex.org/W3011323374","https://openalex.org/W3016196750","https://openalex.org/W3026758110","https://openalex.org/W3083171042","https://openalex.org/W3114319303","https://openalex.org/W3119291157","https://openalex.org/W3163611121","https://openalex.org/W3164780401","https://openalex.org/W3215685553","https://openalex.org/W3215792940","https://openalex.org/W4207078315","https://openalex.org/W4220769011","https://openalex.org/W4220928812","https://openalex.org/W4281606782","https://openalex.org/W6639101543"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386968573","https://openalex.org/W2395064349","https://openalex.org/W2034374297","https://openalex.org/W821205410","https://openalex.org/W2382628689","https://openalex.org/W2766130412","https://openalex.org/W2526730640","https://openalex.org/W2351171996","https://openalex.org/W2118170298","https://openalex.org/W2003273974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,30],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3],"minimizing":[4],"the":[5,15,46,49,61,66,70,86,89,93,96,107,110,133,142,147,156,162,168,171,176,180,187],"annual":[6],"operative":[7,153],"costs":[8,154],"in":[9,41,82,155,161],"monopolar":[10,128],"DC":[11,129],"distribution":[12,100],"networks":[13,130],"with":[14,114],"inclusion":[16],"of":[17,27,69,75,88,170,179],"solar":[18],"photovoltaic":[19],"(PV)":[20],"generators":[21,51],"while":[22],"considering":[23],"a":[24,35,76,122],"planning":[25,157],"period":[26],"20":[28],"years.":[29],"problem":[31],"is":[32,80,103],"formulated":[33],"through":[34],"mixed-integer":[36],"nonlinear":[37],"programming":[38],"(MINLP)":[39],"model,":[40],"which":[42,139],"binary":[43],"variables":[44,57],"define":[45,106],"nodes":[47,108],"where":[48],"PV":[50,71,111],"must":[52],"be":[53],"located,":[54],"and":[55,65,150,164,182,186],"continuous":[56],"are":[58],"related":[59],"to":[60,84,105,121,175],"power":[62,124,136],"flow":[63,125,137],"solution":[64],"optimal":[67],"sizes":[68],"sources.":[72],"The":[73,117],"implementation":[74],"master\u2013slave":[77],"optimization":[78],"approach":[79,126],"proposed":[81],"order":[83],"address":[85],"complexity":[87],"MINLP":[90],"formulation.":[91],"In":[92],"master":[94],"stage,":[95],"discrete-continuous":[97,177],"generalized":[98],"normal":[99],"optimizer":[101,173],"(DCGNDO)":[102],"implemented":[104],"for":[109,127],"sources":[112],"along":[113],"their":[115],"sizes.":[116],"slave":[118],"stage":[119],"corresponds":[120],"specialized":[123],"known":[131],"as":[132],"successive":[134],"approximation":[135],"method,":[138],"helps":[140],"determine":[141],"total":[143],"energy":[144],"generation":[145],"at":[146],"substation":[148],"terminals":[149],"its":[151],"expected":[152],"period.":[158],"Numerical":[159],"results":[160],"33-":[163],"69-bus":[165],"grids":[166],"demonstrate":[167],"effectiveness":[169],"DCGNDO":[172],"compared":[174],"versions":[178],"Chu":[181],"Beasley":[183],"genetic":[184],"algorithm":[185],"vortex":[188],"search":[189],"algorithm.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}