{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293235294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15050142","title":"Outsmarting Human Design in Airline Revenue Management","display_name":"Outsmarting Human Design in Airline Revenue Management","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293235294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15050142"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15050142","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15050142","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/5/142/pdf?version=1650616440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/5/142/pdf?version=1650616440","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022606404","display_name":"Giovanni Gatti Pinheiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-4768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086528","display_name":"Institut de Chimie de Nice","ror":"https://ror.org/000pvc513","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210086528","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126779","display_name":"Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/039fj2469","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210126779"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Gatti Pinheiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amadeus SAS, 821 Avenue Jack Kilby, 06270 Villeneuve-Loubet, France","Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d\u2019Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d'Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-4768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amadeus SAS, 821 Avenue Jack Kilby, 06270 Villeneuve-Loubet, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d\u2019Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086528","https://openalex.org/I4210126779","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d'Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011704636","display_name":"Micha\u00ebl Defoin-Platel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-1414"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Defoin-Platel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amadeus SAS, 821 Avenue Jack Kilby, 06270 Villeneuve-Loubet, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-1414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amadeus SAS, 821 Avenue Jack Kilby, 06270 Villeneuve-Loubet, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083321766","display_name":"Jean-Charles R\u00e9gin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-5894"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086528","display_name":"Institut de Chimie de Nice","ror":"https://ror.org/000pvc513","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210086528","https://openalex.org/I4210128300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126779","display_name":"Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/039fj2469","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210126779"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Charles Regin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d\u2019Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d'Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-5894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d\u2019Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086528","https://openalex.org/I4210126779","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Universite de la Cote d'Azur, CNRS, I3S, 06100 Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011704636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":0.5833,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73567699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"142","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue-management","display_name":"Revenue management","score":0.841523289680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.7880945205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue","display_name":"Revenue","score":0.7468637228012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profitability-index","display_name":"Profitability index","score":0.6090146899223328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-management","display_name":"Yield management","score":0.5895857214927673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-management","display_name":"Demand management","score":0.5383518934249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-pricing","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","score":0.5350972414016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5144734382629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5061666369438171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4488367438316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4356829822063446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.43363502621650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.432422399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.42405301332473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.37130916118621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.11882522702217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11741393804550171}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781386248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11898700","display_name":"Revenue management","level":3,"score":0.841523289680481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.7880945205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.7468637228012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129361004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2470236","display_name":"Profitability index","level":2,"score":0.6090146899223328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142038384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362536","display_name":"Yield management","level":4,"score":0.5895857214927673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179366874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185130","display_name":"Demand management","level":2,"score":0.5383518934249878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779391423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009728","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","level":2,"score":0.5350972414016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5144734382629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5061666369438171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4488367438316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4356829822063446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.43363502621650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.432422399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.42405301332473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.37130916118621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11882522702217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11741393804550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15050142","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15050142","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/5/142/pdf?version=1650616440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be6c2f7cb9544aabb2cd8e728dccefb4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be6c2f7cb9544aabb2cd8e728dccefb4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 15, Iss 5, p 142 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/15/5/142/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15050142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 15; Issue 5; Pages: 142","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15050142","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15050142","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/5/142/pdf?version=1650616440","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293235294.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293235294.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74203006","https://openalex.org/W121166196","https://openalex.org/W1557368286","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2004297886","https://openalex.org/W2035518103","https://openalex.org/W2039522160","https://openalex.org/W2045097767","https://openalex.org/W2057500825","https://openalex.org/W2062844813","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2076010882","https://openalex.org/W2113425147","https://openalex.org/W2131771069","https://openalex.org/W2144007493","https://openalex.org/W2161509455","https://openalex.org/W2161966552","https://openalex.org/W2168359464","https://openalex.org/W2168405694","https://openalex.org/W2169163170","https://openalex.org/W2260756217","https://openalex.org/W2325143283","https://openalex.org/W2489939061","https://openalex.org/W2764302272","https://openalex.org/W2766447205","https://openalex.org/W2811374584","https://openalex.org/W2906115048","https://openalex.org/W2919878130","https://openalex.org/W2963523627","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2982316857","https://openalex.org/W3003915040","https://openalex.org/W3039664027","https://openalex.org/W3121427432","https://openalex.org/W3122960105","https://openalex.org/W3122984617","https://openalex.org/W3125579698","https://openalex.org/W3132995834","https://openalex.org/W3135464703","https://openalex.org/W3138799558","https://openalex.org/W3164005523","https://openalex.org/W3177828909","https://openalex.org/W3184680049","https://openalex.org/W4213377513","https://openalex.org/W4293235294","https://openalex.org/W6604943352","https://openalex.org/W6616173779","https://openalex.org/W6638018090","https://openalex.org/W6683603353","https://openalex.org/W6684205842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997881597","https://openalex.org/W1990210376","https://openalex.org/W2757271844","https://openalex.org/W4283069969","https://openalex.org/W2366640150","https://openalex.org/W2282525950","https://openalex.org/W2037029368","https://openalex.org/W105891963","https://openalex.org/W2122321389","https://openalex.org/W3123423107"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,161],"accurate":[1],"estimation":[2],"of":[3,16,56,102],"how":[4],"future":[5,54,89],"demand":[6,23,58,83,177,201],"will":[7,85],"react":[8],"to":[9,13,65,87,137,147,157,172,184],"prices":[10],"is":[11,146],"central":[12],"the":[14,36,45,57,60,75,78,82,100,104,134,143,154,176,190,213],"optimization":[15,27],"pricing":[17,26,51,90,194],"decisions.":[18,91],"systems":[20,62],"responsible":[21],"for":[22],"prediction":[24],"and":[25,106,142,200],"are":[28],"called":[29],"revenue":[30,68,150,198,211],"management":[31],"(RM)":[32],"systems,":[33],"and,":[34],"in":[35,44,108,112,175,204],"airline":[37],"industry,":[38],"they":[39],"play":[40],"an":[41],"important":[42],"role":[43],"company\u2019s":[46],"profitability.":[47],"As":[48],"airlines\u2019":[49],"current":[50,217],"decisions":[52],"impact":[53],"knowledge":[55],"behavior,":[59],"RM":[61],"may":[63,170],"have":[64],"compromise":[66],"immediate":[67],"by":[69],"efficiently":[70],"performing":[71],"price":[72,159],"experiments":[73],"with":[74],"expectation":[76],"that":[77,125,166,189,196],"information":[79],"gained":[80],"about":[81],"behavior":[84],"lead":[86,171],"better":[88],"This":[92],"earning":[93],"while":[94],"learning":[95,140],"(EWL)":[96],"problem":[97,136],"has":[98],"captured":[99],"attention":[101],"both":[103],"industry":[105],"academia":[107],"recent":[109],"years,":[110],"resulting":[111],"many":[113],"proposed":[114],"solutions":[115],"based":[116],"on":[117,129,183],"heuristic":[118],"optimization.":[119],"We":[120,132,187],"take":[121,185],"a":[122,138,173,205],"different":[123],"approach":[124],"does":[126],"not":[127],"depend":[128],"human-designed":[130],"heuristics.":[131],"present":[133],"EWL":[135],"reinforcement":[139],"agent,":[141],"agent\u2019s":[144],"goal":[145],"maximize":[148],"long-term":[149],"without":[151],"explicitly":[152],"considering":[153],"optimal":[155],"way":[156],"perform":[158],"experimentation.":[160],"agent":[162,191],"discovers":[163],"through":[164],"experience":[165],"\u201cmyopic\u201d":[167],"revenue-maximizing":[168],"policies":[169,195],"decrease":[174],"model":[178,202],"quality":[179,203],"(which":[180],"it":[181],"relies":[182],"decisions).":[186],"show":[188],"finds":[192],"novel":[193],"balance":[197],"maximization":[199],"surprisingly":[206],"effective":[207],"way,":[208],"generating":[209],"more":[210],"over":[212],"long":[214],"run":[215],"than":[216],"practices.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
