{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221092367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15030093","title":"Ensemble Machine Learning Model to Predict the Waterborne Syndrome","display_name":"Ensemble Machine Learning Model to Predict the Waterborne Syndrome","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221092367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15030093"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/3/93/pdf?version=1646981746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/3/93/pdf?version=1646981746","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033300813","display_name":"Mohammed Gollapalli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7521-5757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76571253","display_name":"Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/038cy8j79","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Gollapalli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Information Systems, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Information Systems, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033300813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76571253"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.7102,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90278612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"93","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10596","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10596","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.6801601648330688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.5855971574783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diarrhea","display_name":"Diarrhea","score":0.5615400075912476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c4.5-algorithm","display_name":"C4.5 algorithm","score":0.5310474038124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bathing","display_name":"Bathing","score":0.48599371314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4627058804035187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.38724446296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3512071967124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3246256709098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.2931854724884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.26055681705474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.11104267835617065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.6801601648330688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5855971574783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.5615400075912476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52003472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1022655","display_name":"C4.5 algorithm","level":4,"score":0.5310474038124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778826615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327651","display_name":"Bathing","level":2,"score":0.48599371314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4627058804035187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.38724446296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3512071967124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3246256709098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.2931854724884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26055681705474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.11104267835617065}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/3/93/pdf?version=1646981746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a6a8803401844dd1877887f41c21416f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a6a8803401844dd1877887f41c21416f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 93 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/15/3/93/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15030093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 15; Issue 3; Pages: 93","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a15030093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a15030093","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/3/93/pdf?version=1646981746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221092367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221092367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111310311","https://openalex.org/W817616530","https://openalex.org/W1996554044","https://openalex.org/W2040273140","https://openalex.org/W2090761065","https://openalex.org/W2110348530","https://openalex.org/W2113281787","https://openalex.org/W2117948673","https://openalex.org/W2118434550","https://openalex.org/W2134464537","https://openalex.org/W2135962256","https://openalex.org/W2172098474","https://openalex.org/W2293044184","https://openalex.org/W2912968892","https://openalex.org/W2952253282","https://openalex.org/W2968792040","https://openalex.org/W2982426839","https://openalex.org/W3007475255","https://openalex.org/W3007939291","https://openalex.org/W3016262285","https://openalex.org/W3034914131","https://openalex.org/W3036562957","https://openalex.org/W3046434467","https://openalex.org/W3047325531","https://openalex.org/W3062442779","https://openalex.org/W3103249212","https://openalex.org/W3114616376","https://openalex.org/W3115324042","https://openalex.org/W3135480486","https://openalex.org/W3156313549","https://openalex.org/W3166741258","https://openalex.org/W3170424586","https://openalex.org/W3173101096","https://openalex.org/W3199618766","https://openalex.org/W3214296457","https://openalex.org/W4213011408","https://openalex.org/W6677412630","https://openalex.org/W7024230636"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2997511728","https://openalex.org/W4214653893","https://openalex.org/W2149097950","https://openalex.org/W2505282017","https://openalex.org/W3124731355","https://openalex.org/W3036853918","https://openalex.org/W3211372245","https://openalex.org/W3013263334","https://openalex.org/W4388681644","https://openalex.org/W4313459160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69],"COVID-19":[1],"epidemic":[2],"has":[3],"highlighted":[4],"the":[5,27,46,50,58,134,141,179],"significance":[6],"of":[7,26,63,81,116,151,175],"sanitization":[8],"and":[9,19,122,128,153,169,195],"maintaining":[10],"hygienic":[11,113],"access":[12],"to":[13,16,33,45,78,102,188],"clean":[14],"water":[15,35,83,117],"reduce":[17],"mortality":[18],"morbidity":[20],"cases":[21],"worldwide.":[22],"Diarrhea":[23],"is":[24,56],"one":[25],"prevalent":[28],"waterborne":[29],"diseases":[30],"caused":[31],"due":[32,77],"contaminated":[34],"in":[36,66,73,133,178,185],"many":[37],"low-income":[38,67,186],"countries":[39,187],"with":[40,147],"similar":[41],"living":[42],"conditions.":[43],"According":[44],"latest":[47],"statistics":[48],"from":[49],"World":[51],"Health":[52],"Organization":[53],"(WHO),":[54],"diarrhea":[55],"among":[57],"top":[59],"five":[60],"primary":[61],"causes":[62],"death":[64],"worldwide":[65],"nations.":[68],"condition":[70],"affects":[71],"people":[72,184],"every":[74],"age":[75],"group":[76],"a":[79,91,190],"lack":[80],"proper":[82],"used":[84,118,160],"for":[85,106,119],"daily":[86],"living.":[87],"In":[88],"this":[89,176],"study,":[90],"stacking":[92],"ensemble":[93,142],"machine":[94],"learning":[95],"model":[96,143],"was":[97],"employed":[98],"against":[99,158],"traditional":[100],"models":[101],"extract":[103],"clinical":[104],"knowledge":[105],"better":[107,191],"understanding":[108],"patients\u2019":[109],"characteristics;":[110],"disease":[111],"prevalence;":[112],"conditions;":[114],"quality":[115],"cooking,":[120],"bathing,":[121],"toiletries;":[123],"chemicals":[124],"used;":[125],"therapist\u2019s":[126],"medications;":[127],"symptoms":[129],"that":[130,140],"are":[131],"reflected":[132],"field":[135],"study":[136],"data.":[137],"Results":[138],"revealed":[139],"provides":[144],"higher":[145],"accuracy":[146],"98.90%":[148],"as":[149],"part":[150],"training":[152],"testing":[154],"phases":[155],"when":[156],"experimented":[157],"frequently":[159],"J48,":[161],"Na\u00efve":[162],"Bayes,":[163],"SVM,":[164],"NN,":[165],"PART,":[166],"Random":[167],"Forest,":[168],"Logistic":[170],"Regression":[171],"models.":[172],"Managing":[173],"outcomes":[174],"research":[177],"early":[180],"stages":[181],"could":[182],"assist":[183],"have":[189],"lifestyle,":[192],"fewer":[193],"infections,":[194],"minimize":[196],"expensive":[197],"hospital":[198],"visits.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-01T17:29:45.350535","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
