{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3203640873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","title":"Fine-Grained Pests Recognition Based on Truncated Probability Fusion Network via Internet of Things in Forestry and Agricultural Scenes","display_name":"Fine-Grained Pests Recognition Based on Truncated Probability Fusion Network via Internet of Things in Forestry and Agricultural Scenes","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3203640873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","mag":"3203640873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a14100290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/14/10/290/pdf?version=1634208898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/14/10/290/pdf?version=1634208898","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103215851","display_name":"Kai Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-672X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100086, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100086, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013257129","display_name":"Ming-Jun Nie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103986","display_name":"Jingdong (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dkjkq64","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Jun Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Growth Business-Unit, Jing Dong, Beijing 100176, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Growth Business-Unit, Jing Dong, Beijing 100176, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065800868","display_name":"Sen Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6521-3152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091692","display_name":"Beijing Automation Control Equipment Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00gvfpz28","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sen Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025536472","display_name":"Jianlei Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-3467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianlei Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-3467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086107358","display_name":"Chengcai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3078-6449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179026463","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Cai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100759228","display_name":"Jinhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2234-091X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100086, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100086, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025536472","https://openalex.org/A5065800868"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179026463","https://openalex.org/I4210091692"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.6146,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76281617,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"290","last_page":"290"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12894","display_name":"Date Palm Research Studies","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9467999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7636711001396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5368345975875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.48842373490333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4765618145465851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4700153172016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4196832776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3547394871711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11180388927459717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7636711001396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5368345975875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48842373490333557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4765618145465851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4700153172016144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4196832776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3547394871711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11180388927459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a14100290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/14/10/290/pdf?version=1634208898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c8ea9ff04e524340ad41184e28de43a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c8ea9ff04e524340ad41184e28de43a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 290 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/14/10/290/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 14; Issue 10; Pages: 290","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a14100290","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a14100290","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/14/10/290/pdf?version=1634208898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G220623508","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","funder_display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2433068534","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2473138859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4202014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","funder_display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4859175828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC1606801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4955561204","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4202014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5786968919","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20YJCZH229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6261980494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20YJCZH229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7196713010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4202014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7419658692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20YJCZH229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7577729470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4202014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8274973174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20YJCZH229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","funder_display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G954349126","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62006008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323378","display_name":"Beijing Technology and Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/013e0zm98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203640873.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3203640873.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2473156356","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2753403518","https://openalex.org/W2789255992","https://openalex.org/W2798365843","https://openalex.org/W2799842361","https://openalex.org/W2891951760","https://openalex.org/W2898685308","https://openalex.org/W2914353073","https://openalex.org/W2915594101","https://openalex.org/W2962761264","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2965434755","https://openalex.org/W2966002724","https://openalex.org/W2967553555","https://openalex.org/W2968972446","https://openalex.org/W2999209878","https://openalex.org/W3004337988","https://openalex.org/W3011313660","https://openalex.org/W3036085849","https://openalex.org/W3092527948","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3121061995","https://openalex.org/W3129717984","https://openalex.org/W3130071898","https://openalex.org/W3136018460","https://openalex.org/W3152830573","https://openalex.org/W3162877622","https://openalex.org/W4233510970","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6687483927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065457896","https://openalex.org/W3173234801","https://openalex.org/W2167984027","https://openalex.org/W3021302227","https://openalex.org/W10630519","https://openalex.org/W1919377569","https://openalex.org/W3144288563","https://openalex.org/W3123907821","https://openalex.org/W2382319620","https://openalex.org/W2164026370"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"identification":[1,54,95],"of":[2,21,27,39,55,74,81,88,97,122,134,150,156,172,177,202,206,211,229],"insect":[3],"pests":[4,28,40,98,207],"is":[5,61,182],"the":[6,19,24,36,78,132,135,139,148,164,189,200,209],"key":[7],"to":[8,50,65,83,147,194],"improve":[9],"crop":[10],"yield":[11],"and":[12,15,57,91,153,179,215,218,227],"ensure":[13],"quality":[14],"safety.":[16],"However,":[17],"under":[18],"influence":[20],"environmental":[22],"conditions,":[23],"same":[25],"kind":[26],"show":[29,41],"obvious":[30],"differences":[31],"in":[32,77,208,213],"intraclass":[33],"representation,":[34],"while":[35],"different":[37,120],"kinds":[38,176],"slight":[42],"similarities.":[43],"The":[44,159],"traditional":[45],"methods":[46],"have":[47],"been":[48],"difficult":[49],"deal":[51],"with":[52,188],"fine-grained":[53,94,109,203],"pests,":[56,178],"their":[58],"practical":[59],"deployment":[60],"low.":[62],"In":[63],"order":[64],"solve":[66],"this":[67,69],"problem,":[68],"paper":[70],"uses":[71],"a":[72,85,93,108],"variety":[73],"equipment":[75],"terminals":[76],"agricultural":[79,214],"Internet":[80,210],"Things":[82,212],"obtain":[84],"large":[86],"number":[87],"pest":[89],"images":[90],"proposes":[92],"model":[96,106,166],"based":[99,112],"on":[100,113],"probability":[101,141],"fusion":[102,142],"network":[103],"FPNT.":[104],"This":[105],"designs":[107],"feature":[110,124],"extractor":[111],"an":[114,168],"optimized":[115],"CSPNet":[116],"backbone":[117],"network,":[118],"mining":[119],"levels":[121],"local":[123],"expression":[125],"that":[126,163],"can":[127,198],"distinguish":[128],"subtle":[129],"differences.":[130],"After":[131],"integration":[133],"NetVLAD":[136],"aggregation":[137],"layer,":[138],"gated":[140],"layer":[143],"gives":[144],"full":[145],"play":[146],"advantages":[149],"information":[151],"complementarity":[152],"confidence":[154],"coupling":[155],"multi-model":[157],"fusion.":[158],"comparison":[160],"test":[161],"shows":[162],"PFNT":[165],"has":[167],"average":[169,190],"recognition":[170,205],"accuracy":[171],"93.18%":[173],"for":[174,223],"all":[175],"its":[180],"performance":[181],"better":[183],"than":[184],"other":[185],"deep-learning":[186],"methods,":[187],"processing":[191],"time":[192],"drop":[193],"61":[195],"ms,":[196],"which":[197],"meet":[199],"needs":[201],"image":[204],"forestry":[216],"practice,":[217],"provide":[219],"technical":[220],"application":[221],"reference":[222],"intelligent":[224],"early":[225],"warning":[226],"prevention":[228],"pests.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2021-10-11T00:00:00"}
