{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970042907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","title":"A Novel Hybrid Genetic-Whale Optimization Model for Ontology Learning from Arabic Text","display_name":"A Novel Hybrid Genetic-Whale Optimization Model for Ontology Learning from Arabic Text","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970042907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","mag":"2970042907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12090182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/9/182/pdf?version=1567403096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/9/182/pdf?version=1567403096","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067907286","display_name":"Rania M. Ghoniem","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rania M. Ghoniem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt","Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028110841","display_name":"Nawal Alhelwa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nawal Alhelwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Arabic, College of Arts, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Arabic, College of Arts, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066945309","display_name":"Khaled Shaalan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-8390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193260172","display_name":"British University in Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/00mc18523","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193260172"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled Shaalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering & IT, The British University in Dubai, Dubai 345015, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-8390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering & IT, The British University in Dubai, Dubai 345015, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193260172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067907286"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892","https://openalex.org/I159247623"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":1.436,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86323499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"182","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7954952716827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.6959699988365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-learning","display_name":"Ontology learning","score":0.5985487103462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5982821583747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5924906730651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.5114259123802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-similarity","display_name":"Semantic similarity","score":0.4790981113910675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-alignment","display_name":"Ontology alignment","score":0.473849356174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.444938063621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-based-data-integration","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","score":0.4447491765022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptualization","display_name":"Conceptualization","score":0.3298412263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suggested-upper-merged-ontology","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","score":0.28748252987861633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7954952716827393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.6959699988365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777002027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3620938","display_name":"Ontology learning","level":5,"score":0.5985487103462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5982821583747864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5924906730651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.5114259123802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130318100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268914","display_name":"Semantic similarity","level":2,"score":0.4790981113910675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98893333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339878","display_name":"Ontology alignment","level":4,"score":0.473849356174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.444938063621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22550185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095047","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","level":3,"score":0.4447491765022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.3298412263393402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7635093","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","level":4,"score":0.28748252987861633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12090182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/9/182/pdf?version=1567403096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:29eef6d276744cdc9c74abfe631e847e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/29eef6d276744cdc9c74abfe631e847e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 12, Iss 9, p 182 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/12/9/182/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12090182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12090182","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/9/182/pdf?version=1567403096","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524772211","https://openalex.org/W1560847674","https://openalex.org/W1599176085","https://openalex.org/W1728883788","https://openalex.org/W1731081199","https://openalex.org/W1814730318","https://openalex.org/W1923381476","https://openalex.org/W1934011303","https://openalex.org/W1966238518","https://openalex.org/W1969114498","https://openalex.org/W1970964743","https://openalex.org/W1975099470","https://openalex.org/W1978394996","https://openalex.org/W1983578042","https://openalex.org/W1985049720","https://openalex.org/W2002997298","https://openalex.org/W2032776027","https://openalex.org/W2053373964","https://openalex.org/W2079998407","https://openalex.org/W2098551466","https://openalex.org/W2100525209","https://openalex.org/W2104419524","https://openalex.org/W2110674283","https://openalex.org/W2111377268","https://openalex.org/W2123671373","https://openalex.org/W2137079713","https://openalex.org/W2169974160","https://openalex.org/W2230248553","https://openalex.org/W2284020883","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2296064179","https://openalex.org/W2332951940","https://openalex.org/W2515754823","https://openalex.org/W2552373288","https://openalex.org/W2591833859","https://openalex.org/W2601323120","https://openalex.org/W2602305508","https://openalex.org/W2605810061","https://openalex.org/W2625095686","https://openalex.org/W2731318315","https://openalex.org/W2736794880","https://openalex.org/W2744709275","https://openalex.org/W2751634266","https://openalex.org/W2753135971","https://openalex.org/W2754294877","https://openalex.org/W2767189351","https://openalex.org/W2767299237","https://openalex.org/W2768035686","https://openalex.org/W2770463616","https://openalex.org/W2773037184","https://openalex.org/W2784331569","https://openalex.org/W2788125153","https://openalex.org/W2790352849","https://openalex.org/W2790379607","https://openalex.org/W2790586959","https://openalex.org/W2791388596","https://openalex.org/W2809594591","https://openalex.org/W2890305344","https://openalex.org/W2891906936","https://openalex.org/W2898786064","https://openalex.org/W2900467810","https://openalex.org/W2901548275","https://openalex.org/W2901780668","https://openalex.org/W2902131852","https://openalex.org/W2903255504","https://openalex.org/W2909092066","https://openalex.org/W2909602489","https://openalex.org/W2909889369","https://openalex.org/W2909969407","https://openalex.org/W2911593082","https://openalex.org/W2912133953","https://openalex.org/W2913003339","https://openalex.org/W2915008224","https://openalex.org/W2917681175","https://openalex.org/W2921421327","https://openalex.org/W2922904612","https://openalex.org/W2925983996","https://openalex.org/W2936191805","https://openalex.org/W2945018970","https://openalex.org/W2946094674","https://openalex.org/W2946608181","https://openalex.org/W2949060006","https://openalex.org/W2963464536","https://openalex.org/W2964315079","https://openalex.org/W3122275786","https://openalex.org/W4299911419","https://openalex.org/W6641675579","https://openalex.org/W6658795436","https://openalex.org/W6675909037","https://openalex.org/W6676570407","https://openalex.org/W6725805838","https://openalex.org/W6734430059","https://openalex.org/W6744654465","https://openalex.org/W6747070474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2464347310","https://openalex.org/W269285493","https://openalex.org/W2075489301","https://openalex.org/W2028429940","https://openalex.org/W2150375996","https://openalex.org/W2072724840","https://openalex.org/W2375862234","https://openalex.org/W2138853912","https://openalex.org/W2612291616","https://openalex.org/W2475109591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ontologies":[0],"are":[1,25,30,289,305],"used":[2,306],"to":[3,79,131,211,223,259,269,307],"model":[4,125],"knowledge":[5],"in":[6,68,74,90,127,135,339,363],"several":[7],"domains":[8],"of":[9,43,53,58,120,172,178,232,253,282,311,317,341,355,365],"interest,":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12,84,86],"the":[13,18,80,87,158,163,170,176,179,184,189,195,208,212,233,247,261,271,275,280,283,309,312,324,330,336,348,352],"biomedical":[14],"domain.":[15,92],"Conceptualization":[16],"is":[17,76,143,204,235],"basic":[19],"task":[20],"for":[21,145,257],"ontology":[22,61,72,99,133,180,225,284,356],"building.":[23],"Concepts":[24],"identified,":[26],"and":[27,148,193,243,255,266,268,295,344,360],"then":[28],"they":[29,48],"linked":[31],"through":[32],"their":[33,149],"semantic":[34,45,150],"relationships.":[35],"Recently,":[36],"ontologies":[37],"have":[38],"constituted":[39],"a":[40,51,56,65,118,139,216,236],"crucial":[41],"part":[42],"modern":[44],"webs":[46],"because":[47],"can":[49],"convert":[50],"web":[52,57],"documents":[54],"into":[55,104],"things.":[59],"Although":[60],"learning":[62,100,115,134,226,285,357],"generally":[63],"occupies":[64],"large":[66],"space":[67],"computer":[69],"science,":[70],"Arabic":[71,81,98,132,228,293,337,359],"learning,":[73],"particular,":[75],"underdeveloped":[77],"due":[78],"language\u2019s":[82],"nature":[83],"well":[85],"profundity":[88],"required":[89],"this":[91,128],"The":[93,124,155,230,320],"previously":[94],"published":[95],"research":[96],"on":[97],"from":[101,152,227,358],"text":[102,140,153],"falls":[103],"three":[105,367],"categories:":[106],"developing":[107],"manually":[108],"hand-crafted":[109],"rules,":[110],"using":[111,162,175,291],"ordinary":[112],"supervised/unsupervised":[113],"machine":[114],"algorithms,":[116],"or":[117],"hybrid":[119,217,237],"these":[121,366],"two":[122,136,300],"approaches.":[123],"proposed":[126,144,222,313,325,349],"work":[129],"contributes":[130],"ways.":[137],"First,":[138],"mining":[141],"algorithm":[142,156,220,328],"extracting":[146],"concepts":[147],"relations":[151],"documents.":[154],"calculates":[157,169],"concept":[159,173,213],"frequency":[160,165],"weights":[161,171],"term":[164],"weights.":[166],"Then,":[167,201],"it":[168],"similarity":[174],"information":[177],"structure,":[181],"involving":[182],"(1)":[183],"concept\u2019s":[185,190,198],"path":[186],"distance,":[187],"(2)":[188],"distribution":[191,199],"layer,":[192],"(3)":[194],"mutual":[196],"parent":[197],"layer.":[200],"feature":[202],"mapping":[203],"performed":[205],"by":[206],"assigning":[207],"concepts\u2019":[209],"similarities":[210],"features.":[214],"Second,":[215],"genetic-whale":[218,326],"optimization":[219,297,327],"was":[221],"optimize":[224],"text.":[229],"operator":[231,238],"G-WOA":[234],"integrating":[239],"GA\u2019s":[240],"mutation,":[241],"crossover,":[242],"selection":[244],"processes":[245,249],"with":[246,315],"WOA\u2019s":[248],"(encircling":[250],"prey,":[251],"attacking":[252],"bubble-net,":[254],"searching":[256],"prey)":[258],"fulfill":[260],"balance":[262],"between":[263],"both":[264],"exploitation":[265],"exploration,":[267],"find":[270],"solutions":[272],"that":[273,323],"exhibit":[274],"highest":[276],"fitness.":[277],"For":[278],"evaluating":[279],"performance":[281],"approach,":[286],"extensive":[287],"comparisons":[288],"conducted":[290],"different":[292],"corpora":[294,304,338],"bio-inspired":[296],"algorithms.":[298],"Furthermore,":[299],"publicly":[301],"available":[302],"non-Arabic":[303,361],"compare":[308],"efficiency":[310],"approach":[314,350],"those":[316],"other":[318,331],"languages.":[319],"results":[321],"reveal":[322],"outperforms":[329,351],"compared":[332],"algorithms":[333],"across":[334],"all":[335],"terms":[340,364],"precision,":[342],"recall,":[343],"F-score":[345],"measures.":[346,368],"Moreover,":[347],"state-of-the-art":[353],"methods":[354],"texts":[362]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}