{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794414997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","title":"A Novel Evolutionary Algorithm for Designing Robust Analog Filters","display_name":"A Novel Evolutionary Algorithm for Designing Robust Analog Filters","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794414997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","mag":"2794414997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a11030026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/11/3/26/pdf?version=1519986171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/11/3/26/pdf?version=1519986171","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354322","display_name":"Shaobo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-6000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaobo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-6000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102301660","display_name":"Wang Zou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060537711","display_name":"Jianjun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-6660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA","School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-6660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060537711"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252","https://openalex.org/I178232147"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.5541,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75581887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"26","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8601566553115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5673540234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5297582745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.44566240906715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.37536248564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.32930538058280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3228759765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19466185569763184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8601566553115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5673540234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5297582745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.44566240906715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.37536248564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.32930538058280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3228759765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19466185569763184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a11030026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/11/3/26/pdf?version=1519986171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarcommons.sc.edu:csce_facpub-1264","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/csce_facpub/257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196354","display_name":"Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","host_organization_name":"University of South Carolina","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3b72b9accd274d72a087ac829f49c62f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b72b9accd274d72a087ac829f49c62f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 26 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/11/3/26/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms; Volume 11; Issue 3; Pages: 26","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a11030026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a11030026","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/11/3/26/pdf?version=1519986171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2190762904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(2015)4011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2270470049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ[2014]2004, Talents[2015]4011 and [2016]5013.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","funder_display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2941082053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51741101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3785240104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ[2014]","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","funder_display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G499566249","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"[2015]4011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","funder_display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5370898339","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"[2015]","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6393592701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Talents[2015]4011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","funder_display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G687297005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JZ[2014]2004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","funder_display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8480954844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51475097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322272","display_name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnh405"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794414997.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794414997.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W117011241","https://openalex.org/W1240091951","https://openalex.org/W1481659984","https://openalex.org/W1484734730","https://openalex.org/W1495544195","https://openalex.org/W1499652137","https://openalex.org/W1525571758","https://openalex.org/W1544436025","https://openalex.org/W1551962532","https://openalex.org/W1571917368","https://openalex.org/W1580275620","https://openalex.org/W1592878296","https://openalex.org/W1597497229","https://openalex.org/W1608348795","https://openalex.org/W1949986123","https://openalex.org/W1953423682","https://openalex.org/W1978616597","https://openalex.org/W1983810682","https://openalex.org/W1985536908","https://openalex.org/W1987313619","https://openalex.org/W1989006748","https://openalex.org/W2000982516","https://openalex.org/W2027167495","https://openalex.org/W2035238076","https://openalex.org/W2041290960","https://openalex.org/W2042395821","https://openalex.org/W2063539292","https://openalex.org/W2068602646","https://openalex.org/W2068808443","https://openalex.org/W2072782187","https://openalex.org/W2076516547","https://openalex.org/W2099717035","https://openalex.org/W2103116353","https://openalex.org/W2108732866","https://openalex.org/W2110611478","https://openalex.org/W2126428215","https://openalex.org/W2135012103","https://openalex.org/W2139017845","https://openalex.org/W2142577776","https://openalex.org/W2143210223","https://openalex.org/W2144646612","https://openalex.org/W2149170192","https://openalex.org/W2156106639","https://openalex.org/W2160958384","https://openalex.org/W2166739626","https://openalex.org/W2179163673","https://openalex.org/W2477726251","https://openalex.org/W2481533774","https://openalex.org/W2503015172","https://openalex.org/W2553408501","https://openalex.org/W2782909759","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2770593030","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W3154990682","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W1982160337","https://openalex.org/W2887328214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Designing":[0],"robust":[1,16,55,77,83,93,121],"circuits":[2],"that":[3,57,134,144],"withstand":[4],"environmental":[5],"perturbation":[6],"and":[7,85,143,146],"device":[8],"degradation":[9],"is":[10,19],"critical":[11],"for":[12,54,151],"many":[13],"applications.":[14],"Traditional":[15],"circuit":[17],"design":[18,56,78,94],"mainly":[20],"done":[21],"by":[22],"tuning":[23,129,137],"parameters":[24],"to":[25,81,115],"improve":[26],"system":[27,35],"robustness.":[28],"However,":[29],"the":[30,41,59,140,164],"topological":[31,61],"structure":[32],"of":[33,64,161],"a":[34,38,50,91,98,108],"may":[36,138],"set":[37],"limit":[39],"on":[40,97],"robustness":[42,153],"achievable":[43],"through":[44,127],"parameter":[45,116,128],"tuning.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"proposes":[49],"new":[51],"evolutionary":[52],"algorithm":[53,80,102,106],"exploits":[58],"open-ended":[60],"search":[62,141],"capability":[63],"genetic":[65,101],"programming":[66],"(GP)":[67],"coupled":[68],"with":[69,90,107,113,157],"bond":[70],"graph":[71],"modeling.":[72],"We":[73,131],"applied":[74],"our":[75,104],"GP-based":[76],"(GPRD)":[79],"evolve":[82,119],"lowpass":[84],"highpass":[86],"analog":[87],"filters.":[88],"Compared":[89],"traditional":[92],"approach":[95],"based":[96],"state-of-the-art":[99],"real-parameter":[100],"(GA),":[103],"GPRD":[105],"fitness":[109,148],"criterion":[110],"rewarding":[111],"robustness,":[112],"respect":[114],"perturbations,":[117],"can":[118],"more":[120],"filters":[122],"than":[123],"what":[124],"was":[125],"achieved":[126],"alone.":[130],"also":[132],"find":[133],"inappropriate":[135],"GA":[136],"mislead":[139],"process":[142],"multiple-simulation":[145],"perturbed":[147],"evaluation":[149],"methods":[150],"evolving":[152],"have":[154],"complementary":[155],"behaviors":[156],"no":[158],"absolute":[159],"advantage":[160],"one":[162],"over":[163],"other.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}