{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2549993635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a10010022","title":"Evaluation of Diversification Techniques for Legal Information Retrieval","display_name":"Evaluation of Diversification Techniques for Legal Information Retrieval","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2549993635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a10010022","mag":"2549993635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a10010022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a10010022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/10/1/22/pdf?version=1486640953","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/10/1/22/pdf?version=1486640953","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055691816","display_name":"Marios Koniaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0679-5516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marios Koniaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge and Database Systems Laboratory, Divison of Computer Science, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge and Database Systems Laboratory, Divison of Computer Science, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045528384","display_name":"Ioannis Anagnostopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-0522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Anagnostopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, School of Sciences, University of Thessaly, Papassiopoulou 2-4, 35131 Lamia, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, School of Sciences, University of Thessaly, Papassiopoulou 2-4, 35131 Lamia, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064966524","display_name":"Yannis Vassiliou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-7784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yannis Vassiliou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knowledge and Database Systems Laboratory, Divison of Computer Science, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knowledge and Database Systems Laboratory, Divison of Computer Science, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055691816"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":2.4924,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91433697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.687404215335846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5960938334465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversification","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","score":0.5003378391265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.49728134274482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4688623547554016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-research","display_name":"Legal research","score":0.42799827456474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trademark","display_name":"Trademark","score":0.4221772849559784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-access","display_name":"Information access","score":0.41384172439575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.4103138744831085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3911658525466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.36799925565719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3536178469657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2793486714363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.26721447706222534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.687404215335846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5960938334465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180916674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711935","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","level":2,"score":0.5003378391265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.49728134274482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4688623547554016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522695570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517578","display_name":"Legal research","level":2,"score":0.42799827456474304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779027411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167270","display_name":"Trademark","level":2,"score":0.4221772849559784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776543384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593289","display_name":"Information access","level":2,"score":0.41384172439575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4103138744831085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3911658525466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.36799925565719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3536178469657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2793486714363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.26721447706222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a10010022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a10010022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/10/1/22/pdf?version=1486640953","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lib.uth.gr:11615/75053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11615/75053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400243","display_name":"University of Thessaly Institutional Repository (University of Thessaly)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","host_organization_name":"University of Thessaly","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a10010022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a10010022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/10/1/22/pdf?version=1486640953","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2549993635.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2549993635.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104805926","https://openalex.org/W187568653","https://openalex.org/W250583264","https://openalex.org/W1488033117","https://openalex.org/W1497046489","https://openalex.org/W1514981065","https://openalex.org/W1546477643","https://openalex.org/W1723826121","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1990473707","https://openalex.org/W1993320088","https://openalex.org/W2020133434","https://openalex.org/W2022995284","https://openalex.org/W2023188792","https://openalex.org/W2030524533","https://openalex.org/W2037098674","https://openalex.org/W2038417934","https://openalex.org/W2044405664","https://openalex.org/W2058885906","https://openalex.org/W2063112000","https://openalex.org/W2074462526","https://openalex.org/W2083305840","https://openalex.org/W2088121730","https://openalex.org/W2099183456","https://openalex.org/W2099799055","https://openalex.org/W2108664951","https://openalex.org/W2110693578","https://openalex.org/W2113640060","https://openalex.org/W2116405309","https://openalex.org/W2116920598","https://openalex.org/W2126184790","https://openalex.org/W2132127307","https://openalex.org/W2132314908","https://openalex.org/W2144245630","https://openalex.org/W2145541974","https://openalex.org/W2147406357","https://openalex.org/W2151070616","https://openalex.org/W2152228468","https://openalex.org/W2155912844","https://openalex.org/W2157128462","https://openalex.org/W2329554901","https://openalex.org/W2399291000","https://openalex.org/W2401687514","https://openalex.org/W2503610672","https://openalex.org/W2513649747","https://openalex.org/W2546483963","https://openalex.org/W2613161123","https://openalex.org/W2774851568","https://openalex.org/W2794048983","https://openalex.org/W3098761886","https://openalex.org/W3101913037","https://openalex.org/W3122427042","https://openalex.org/W4206671592","https://openalex.org/W4231510805","https://openalex.org/W4289366584","https://openalex.org/W4407809662","https://openalex.org/W6607633987","https://openalex.org/W6629172226","https://openalex.org/W6637646797","https://openalex.org/W6639619044","https://openalex.org/W6687591311","https://openalex.org/W7067208927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366403280","https://openalex.org/W1495108544","https://openalex.org/W2091301346","https://openalex.org/W4384856174","https://openalex.org/W3148229873","https://openalex.org/W4389760904","https://openalex.org/W2150160875","https://openalex.org/W4242223894","https://openalex.org/W4306886878","https://openalex.org/W2973759123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u201cPublic":[0],"legal":[1,41,50,61,99,114,177,199,217],"information":[2,21,42,51,62,100,178,213],"from":[3,124,146,175],"all":[4],"countries":[5],"and":[6,24,130,201],"international":[7],"institutions":[8],"is":[9,52,71],"part":[10],"of":[11,15,27,44,49,60,78,82,98,111,120,139,198],"the":[12,25,32,45,55,58,80,96,109,121,125,140,147,171,196,212,216],"common":[13,148],"heritage":[14],"humanity.":[16],"Maximizing":[17],"access":[18,37],"to":[19,38,103],"this":[20,159],"promotes":[22],"justice":[23],"rule":[26],"law\u201d.":[28],"In":[29],"accordance":[30],"with":[31,155],"aforementioned":[33],"declaration":[34],"on":[35],"free":[36],"law":[39,70,149],"by":[40,73,116],"institutes":[43],"world,":[46],"a":[47,74,143,176],"plethora":[48],"available":[53],"through":[54],"Internet,":[56],"while":[57],"provision":[59],"has":[63],"never":[64],"before":[65],"been":[66],"easier.":[67],"Given":[68],"that":[69,151,165,183],"accessed":[72],"much":[75],"wider":[76],"group":[77],"people,":[79],"majority":[81],"whom":[83],"are":[84],"not":[85],"legally":[86],"trained":[87],"or":[88,210],"qualified,":[89],"diversification":[90,110,186],"techniques":[91,187],"should":[92],"be":[93],"employed":[94],"in":[95,113,195],"context":[97,197],"retrieval,":[101],"as":[102],"increase":[104],"user":[105],"satisfaction.":[106],"We":[107,134],"address":[108],"results":[112,172],"search":[115,185],"adopting":[117],"several":[118],"state":[119],"art":[122],"methods":[123],"web":[126,184],"search,":[127],"network":[128],"analysis":[129],"text":[131],"summarization":[132],"domains.":[133],"provide":[135],"an":[136],"exhaustive":[137],"evaluation":[138],"methods,":[141],"using":[142],"standard":[144],"dataset":[145],"domain":[150],"we":[152],"objectively":[153],"annotated":[154],"relevance":[156],"judgments":[157],"for":[158],"purpose.":[160],"Our":[161],"results:":[162],"(i)":[163],"reveal":[164],"users":[166],"receive":[167],"broader":[168],"insights":[169],"across":[170],"they":[173],"get":[174],"retrieval":[179],"system;":[180],"(ii)":[181],"demonstrate":[182],"outperform":[188],"other":[189],"approaches":[190],"(e.g.,":[191],"summarization-based,":[192],"graph-based":[193],"methods)":[194],"diversification;":[200],"(iii)":[202],"offer":[203],"balance":[204],"boundaries":[205],"between":[206],"reinforcing":[207],"relevant":[208],"documents":[209],"sampling":[211],"space":[214],"around":[215],"query.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2016-11-30T00:00:00"}