{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906649676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","title":"Highly Heterogeneous Excitatory Connections Require Less Amount of Noise to Sustain Firing Activities in Cortical Networks","display_name":"Highly Heterogeneous Excitatory Connections Require Less Amount of Noise to Sustain Firing Activities in Cortical Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906649676","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","mag":"2906649676","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19778766","display_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5188","issn":["1662-5188"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073771552","display_name":"Hisashi Kada","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135768898","display_name":"Ritsumeikan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0197nmd03","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135768898","https://openalex.org/I4390039241"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisashi Kada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030187397","display_name":"Jun-nosuke Teramae","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-0253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39012071","display_name":"Kyoto College of Graduate Studies for Informatics","ror":"https://ror.org/05mzj8a56","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39012071"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-nosuke Teramae","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39012071","https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038629773","display_name":"Isao T. Tokuda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-0022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135768898","display_name":"Ritsumeikan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0197nmd03","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135768898","https://openalex.org/I4390039241"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Isao T. Tokuda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038629773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135768898"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":0.2567,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57014699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"104","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excitatory-postsynaptic-potential","display_name":"Excitatory postsynaptic potential","score":0.7538232803344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6431708335876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.5885519981384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5590561628341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibitory-postsynaptic-potential","display_name":"Inhibitory postsynaptic potential","score":0.5023682117462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-dynamics","display_name":"Network dynamics","score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.18150123953819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17468520998954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08883920311927795}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112592302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207387","display_name":"Excitatory postsynaptic potential","level":3,"score":0.7538232803344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6431708335876465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5885519981384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5590561628341675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17077164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185869","display_name":"Inhibitory postsynaptic potential","level":2,"score":0.5023682117462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123757187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9195957","display_name":"Network dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18150123953819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17468520998954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08883920311927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19778766","display_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5188","issn":["1662-5188"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30622467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in computational neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3ad217f4a179468e926373c6c6e7d6f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3ad217f4a179468e926373c6c6e7d6f3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, Vol 12 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5296542","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6308195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2018.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19778766","display_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","issn_l":"1662-5188","issn":["1662-5188"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G534314903","display_name":"Biological studies of the diversity of phonatory mechanism in non-human primates and of the evolutionary process for human phonation with medical engineering approaches","funder_award_id":"16H04848","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6799130928","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"17H06313","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7361010918","display_name":"Mathematical model for circadian control of estrus cycles and its implication to infertility treatment","funder_award_id":"16K00343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32980360","https://openalex.org/W1541592400","https://openalex.org/W1582051163","https://openalex.org/W1843946745","https://openalex.org/W1853766545","https://openalex.org/W1895907979","https://openalex.org/W1945424073","https://openalex.org/W1955923252","https://openalex.org/W1973327463","https://openalex.org/W1973703467","https://openalex.org/W1973747802","https://openalex.org/W1973770352","https://openalex.org/W1977369305","https://openalex.org/W1977450749","https://openalex.org/W1977647750","https://openalex.org/W1978072518","https://openalex.org/W1985392528","https://openalex.org/W1989269080","https://openalex.org/W1989276285","https://openalex.org/W1995138356","https://openalex.org/W2007494385","https://openalex.org/W2008284899","https://openalex.org/W2014339193","https://openalex.org/W2016354087","https://openalex.org/W2016445007","https://openalex.org/W2023097449","https://openalex.org/W2025687881","https://openalex.org/W2032774941","https://openalex.org/W2037564010","https://openalex.org/W2038104074","https://openalex.org/W2038769137","https://openalex.org/W2039701538","https://openalex.org/W2041601616","https://openalex.org/W2042076346","https://openalex.org/W2042422091","https://openalex.org/W2046756894","https://openalex.org/W2050732456","https://openalex.org/W2055888932","https://openalex.org/W2062450964","https://openalex.org/W2075187489","https://openalex.org/W2078767205","https://openalex.org/W2079150153","https://openalex.org/W2079948225","https://openalex.org/W2083252150","https://openalex.org/W2086174087","https://openalex.org/W2086498405","https://openalex.org/W2096940802","https://openalex.org/W2101675738","https://openalex.org/W2111562869","https://openalex.org/W2114933644","https://openalex.org/W2125261993","https://openalex.org/W2131215403","https://openalex.org/W2132566161","https://openalex.org/W2135369850","https://openalex.org/W2141768406","https://openalex.org/W2141955620","https://openalex.org/W2147981220","https://openalex.org/W2150980522","https://openalex.org/W2152587029","https://openalex.org/W2152896566","https://openalex.org/W2157744729","https://openalex.org/W2158446914","https://openalex.org/W2158948112","https://openalex.org/W2163886718","https://openalex.org/W2167822608","https://openalex.org/W2167876724","https://openalex.org/W2168815228","https://openalex.org/W2169018904","https://openalex.org/W2172294131","https://openalex.org/W2179178098","https://openalex.org/W2184272066","https://openalex.org/W2533055215","https://openalex.org/W2571918371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2791883561","https://openalex.org/W2950596497","https://openalex.org/W2436760910","https://openalex.org/W4303432678","https://openalex.org/W2043066229","https://openalex.org/W2082329602","https://openalex.org/W2023878078","https://openalex.org/W2142526561","https://openalex.org/W2974163011","https://openalex.org/W3036947769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"sustain":[0,132],"asynchronous":[1],"irregular":[2,105],"firings":[3,106],"with":[4],"extremely":[5],"low":[6],"frequency.":[7],"To":[8],"realize":[9,158],"such":[10,74],"self-sustained":[11],"activity":[12],"in":[13,43,107,162],"neural":[14],"network":[15,72,134,148,166,192],"models,":[16],"balance":[17],"between":[18,70],"excitatory":[19],"and":[20,51,78,176],"inhibitory":[21],"activities":[22],"is":[23,155],"known":[24],"to":[25,131,157],"be":[26,97],"one":[27],"of":[28,73,87,93,99,122,128,152,167,186],"the":[29,67,88,104,126,133,138,146,183,187,191],"keys.":[30],"In":[31,137],"addition,":[32],"recent":[33],"theoretical":[34],"studies":[35],"have":[36,63],"revealed":[37],"that":[38,114,140,173],"another":[39],"feature":[40,185],"commonly":[41],"observed":[42],"cortical":[44,108],"networks,":[45],"i.e.,":[46],"sparse":[47],"but":[48],"strong":[49,180],"connections":[50,77],"dense":[52],"weak":[53,175],"connections,":[54,124],"plays":[55],"an":[56,143,159],"essential":[57],"role.":[58],"The":[59,81],"previous":[60],"studies,":[61],"however,":[62],"not":[64],"thoroughly":[65],"considered":[66,156],"cooperative":[68],"dynamics":[69,161],"a":[71,119,177],"heterogeneous":[75,116,147],"synaptic":[76,188],"intrinsic":[79],"noise.":[80],"noise":[82,129,141,153],"stimuli,":[83],"representing":[84],"inherent":[85],"nature":[86],"neuronal":[89],"activities,":[90],"e.g.,":[91],"variability":[92],"presynaptic":[94],"discharges,":[95],"should":[96],"also":[98],"significant":[100],"importance":[101],"for":[102],"sustaining":[103],"networks.":[109],"Here,":[110],"we":[111],"numerically":[112],"demonstrate":[113],"highly":[115],"distribution,":[117],"typically":[118],"lognormal":[120],"type,":[121],"excitatory-to-excitatory":[123],"reduces":[125],"amount":[127,151],"required":[130],"firing":[135,193],"activities.":[136],"sense":[139],"consumes":[142],"energy":[144],"resource,":[145],"receiving":[149],"less":[150],"stimuli":[154],"efficient":[160],"cortex.":[163],"A":[164],"noise-driven":[165],"bi-modally":[168],"distributed":[169],"synapses":[170,181],"further":[171],"shows":[172],"many":[174],"few":[178],"very":[179],"are":[182],"key":[184],"heterogeneity,":[189],"supporting":[190],"activity.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}