{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416393173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","title":"Energy expenditure during virtual reality exergaming in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder","display_name":"Energy expenditure during virtual reality exergaming in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416393173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/virtual-reality/articles/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/virtual-reality/articles/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049260256","display_name":"Noah D. Chernik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. D. Chernik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Innovation, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","Department of Anatomy, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Innovation, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111343876","display_name":"S. Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Gonzalez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Occupational Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, School of Health Professions, Old Westbury, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Occupational Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, School of Health Professions, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056061479","display_name":"Randy F. Stout","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-306X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Stout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biomedical Innovation, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biomedical Innovation, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013355675","display_name":"Alexander Lopez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-5650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157730","display_name":"International Federation of Sports Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04z4aan47","country_code":"CH","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157730"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Occupational Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, School of Health Professions, Old Westbury, NY, United States","Inclusive Sports and Fitness, Holbrook, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Occupational Therapy, New York Institute of Technology, School of Health Professions, Old Westbury, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inclusive Sports and Fitness, Holbrook, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013355675","https://openalex.org/A5049260256"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314","https://openalex.org/I4210157730"],"apc_list":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"apc_paid":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"fwci":1.4704,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84070496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.7283999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.7283999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.0925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11015","display_name":"Down syndrome and intellectual disability research","score":0.05339999869465828,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7418000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/headset","display_name":"Headset","score":0.6182000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rating-of-perceived-exertion","display_name":"Rating of perceived exertion","score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism","display_name":"Autism","score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-disorder","display_name":"Spectrum disorder","score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"Energy expenditure","score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychomotor-learning","display_name":"Psychomotor learning","score":0.3465999960899353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7418000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6779000163078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780657452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193170","display_name":"Headset","level":2,"score":0.6182000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780928941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372945","display_name":"Rating of perceived exertion","level":4,"score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777154362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575316","display_name":"Spectrum disorder","level":2,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.38909998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988147884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy expenditure","level":2,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164953862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256440","display_name":"Psychomotor learning","level":3,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779018934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129653","display_name":"Everyday life","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982735371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9690","display_name":"Mental fatigue","level":2,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019966295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341368","display_name":"Energy cost","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993527604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372945","display_name":"Perceived exertion","level":4,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/virtual-reality/articles/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62c0f36d259b4fe2990c8ac9ee55dfaa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/62c0f36d259b4fe2990c8ac9ee55dfaa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality, Vol 6 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/virtual-reality/articles/10.3389/frvir.2025.1629297/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318285","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416393173.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W820912305","https://openalex.org/W1550170046","https://openalex.org/W1591094695","https://openalex.org/W1914032826","https://openalex.org/W1964110829","https://openalex.org/W1964406984","https://openalex.org/W1966798546","https://openalex.org/W1978417116","https://openalex.org/W1987839624","https://openalex.org/W1987861249","https://openalex.org/W1992372884","https://openalex.org/W2005642213","https://openalex.org/W2029391185","https://openalex.org/W2047261988","https://openalex.org/W2054601622","https://openalex.org/W2087810699","https://openalex.org/W2103041243","https://openalex.org/W2110525324","https://openalex.org/W2133036913","https://openalex.org/W2151130840","https://openalex.org/W2215126364","https://openalex.org/W2234991891","https://openalex.org/W2268292624","https://openalex.org/W2392022674","https://openalex.org/W2415131692","https://openalex.org/W2468200999","https://openalex.org/W2568285919","https://openalex.org/W2735444410","https://openalex.org/W2760233617","https://openalex.org/W2774486220","https://openalex.org/W2796398306","https://openalex.org/W2883784786","https://openalex.org/W2885781932","https://openalex.org/W2900139312","https://openalex.org/W2911631485","https://openalex.org/W2973143418","https://openalex.org/W2982012056","https://openalex.org/W3036614807","https://openalex.org/W3038823897","https://openalex.org/W3047585450","https://openalex.org/W3106699776","https://openalex.org/W3117550730","https://openalex.org/W3140090168","https://openalex.org/W3164405458","https://openalex.org/W4290546516","https://openalex.org/W4295007548","https://openalex.org/W4311041595","https://openalex.org/W4353038807","https://openalex.org/W4387602246","https://openalex.org/W4388462311","https://openalex.org/W4393986573","https://openalex.org/W4396575514","https://openalex.org/W4400583767","https://openalex.org/W4401248207","https://openalex.org/W4403263759","https://openalex.org/W4405527369","https://openalex.org/W4412096335"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Children":[1],"and":[2,25,36,40,46,64,85,159,249,286],"adolescents":[3],"with":[4,38,94,121],"Autism":[5,13,97],"Spectrum":[6,14,98],"Disorder":[7,15,99],"face":[8],"challenges":[9],"throughout":[10,189],"their":[11,178],"development.":[12],"can":[16,57,244],"affect":[17],"a":[18,105,115,275],"multitude":[19],"of":[20,55,73,154,157,171,185,192,283],"areas,":[21],"including":[22,270],"social,":[23],"cognitive,":[24],"physical.":[26],"Due":[27],"to":[28,48,59,130,176,213],"delays":[29],"in":[30,50,62,202,221,238],"development,":[31],"poor":[32],"motor":[33,287],"coordination,":[34],"hypersensitivities,":[35],"difficulties":[37],"motivation":[39],"focus,":[41],"these":[42],"individuals":[43],"are":[44],"uninspired":[45],"discouraged":[47],"partake":[49],"physical":[51,252],"activity.":[52,288],"This":[53,68],"lack":[54],"interest":[56],"lead":[58],"further":[60],"impairments":[61],"health":[63],"developing":[65],"social":[66],"skills.":[67],"study":[69],"evaluated":[70],"the":[71,79,140,182,190,193,207,214,229,277,281],"effect":[72,257],"virtual":[74,116,125,134,208,242,271],"reality":[75,117,126,135,209,243,272],"on":[76,81,104,139,258],"exercise,":[77],"specifically":[78],"effects":[80,282],"actual":[82,144],"energetic":[83,87,147,204],"output":[84],"perceived":[86,169,222,259],"output.":[88],"Methods":[89],"Eleven":[90],"participants":[91,113,129,173],"aged":[92],"8\u201319":[93],"Level":[95],"1":[96],"completed":[100],"two":[101,230],"walking":[102,138,210],"trials":[103,211,216],"treadmill.":[106,141],"The":[107,124],"control":[108,215],"trial":[109,127],"did":[110],"not":[111,225],"have":[112],"wear":[114],"headset":[118],"or":[119,280],"interact":[120],"any":[122],"games.":[123],"allowed":[128],"play":[131],"an":[132],"interactive":[133],"game":[136],"while":[137,254],"To":[142,167],"measure":[143,168],"metabolic":[145,161],"output,":[146],"costs":[148],"were":[149,174,224],"measured":[150],"by":[151,267],"calculating":[152],"cost":[153,156],"locomotion,":[155],"transport,":[158],"youth":[160],"equivalents":[162],"via":[163],"open":[164],"flow":[165],"respirometry.":[166],"levels":[170],"exertion,":[172],"asked":[175],"rate":[177],"exertion":[179,223,260],"level":[180],"using":[181],"Borg":[183],"Rating":[184],"Perceived":[186],"Exertion":[187],"scale":[188],"duration":[191],"trials.":[194],"Results":[195],"A":[196],"statistically":[197,226],"significant":[198,227],"increase":[199],"was":[200],"observed":[201],"all":[203],"measures":[205],"during":[206],"compared":[212],"(all":[217],"p-values":[218],"&amp;lt;0.020).":[219],"Differences":[220],"between":[228],"experimental":[231],"conditions.":[232],"Discussion":[233],"These":[234,262],"findings":[235,263],"suggest":[236],"that":[237],"this":[239],"patient":[240],"population,":[241],"help":[245],"promote":[246],"more":[247],"intense":[248],"energetically":[250],"costly":[251],"activity,":[253],"having":[255],"no":[256],"levels.":[261],"may":[264],"be":[265],"explained":[266],"multiple":[268],"factors,":[269],"acting":[273],"as":[274],"distractor,":[276],"novelty":[278],"aspect,":[279],"dual-task":[284],"cognitive":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-11-19T00:00:00"}
