{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396867111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","title":"Considerations when trying to quantify immersion with secondary tasks","display_name":"Considerations when trying to quantify immersion with secondary tasks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396867111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097929975","display_name":"Emily Payne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Payne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097957490","display_name":"Kayli Battel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kayli Battel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038643738","display_name":"Nancy A. Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7652-6688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Musculoskeletal Health and Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Musculoskeletal Health and Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016999177","display_name":"Nathan Ward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-7087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts Applied Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016999177","https://openalex.org/A5097929975"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":0.8363,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70965857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.7364041209220886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40948134660720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3568442463874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1654486060142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.05515170097351074}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7364041209220886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40948134660720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3568442463874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1654486060142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.05515170097351074}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b538c11aaf4f4735a71e518b2c7df374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b538c11aaf4f4735a71e518b2c7df374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality, Vol 5 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frvir.2024.1212216/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228137","display_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","issn_l":"2673-4192","issn":["2673-4192"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396867111.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W646370922","https://openalex.org/W1561694252","https://openalex.org/W1766519280","https://openalex.org/W1970370179","https://openalex.org/W2012800987","https://openalex.org/W2040722120","https://openalex.org/W2056920319","https://openalex.org/W2058300759","https://openalex.org/W2085060213","https://openalex.org/W2094493170","https://openalex.org/W2114154109","https://openalex.org/W2126095225","https://openalex.org/W2127072558","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2152905082","https://openalex.org/W2182424156","https://openalex.org/W2557918165","https://openalex.org/W2782641492","https://openalex.org/W2782898451","https://openalex.org/W2792611395","https://openalex.org/W2895871683","https://openalex.org/W2939008440","https://openalex.org/W2969838880","https://openalex.org/W2993504750","https://openalex.org/W3024134525","https://openalex.org/W3032941280","https://openalex.org/W3036548587","https://openalex.org/W3157552259","https://openalex.org/W3177999567","https://openalex.org/W3211717257","https://openalex.org/W4249645064","https://openalex.org/W4250455705","https://openalex.org/W4283458619","https://openalex.org/W4294555119","https://openalex.org/W4313472233","https://openalex.org/W4321498927","https://openalex.org/W6683268542","https://openalex.org/W6685589680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W3173555531","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3213003714","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Immersion":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,92,109,118,124,129,135,144,151,156,211,242],"crucial":[3],"component":[4],"to":[5,47,70,91,108,113,155,164,191,202,230],"characterizing":[6],"virtual":[7,26,55],"reality":[8],"(VR)":[9],"and":[10,38,88,133,188],"discovering":[11],"its":[12],"many":[13],"implications":[14],"for":[15],"our":[16],"lives.":[17],"Studies":[18],"have":[19,105],"defined":[20],"immersion":[21,53,72,87],"as":[22,62,64],"the":[23,34,50,66,101,114,140,169,182,192,196,203,226,231,239],"extent":[24],"that":[25,76,98,181,238],"environments":[27,56],"submerge":[28],"users\u2019":[29],"perceptual":[30],"systems,":[31],"shut":[32],"out":[33],"physical":[35],"environments\u2019":[36],"inputs,":[37],"induce":[39],"engrossment":[40],"in":[41,54,78,100,123,153,225],"users.":[42],"The":[43],"present":[44],"study":[45],"sought":[46],"further":[48],"understand":[49],"applications":[51],"of":[52,68,86,195,214,241],"by":[57,149],"leveraging":[58],"traditional":[59],"self-report":[60,83],"measures,":[61],"well":[63],"investigating":[65],"use":[67,240],"distraction":[69],"quantify":[71],"objectively.":[73],"We":[74,95,159],"hypothesized":[75],"participants":[77,99,121,171,179],"immersive":[79],"3-dimensional":[80],"VR":[81,102,125,136,183,215,227],"would":[82,104],"higher":[84],"levels":[85],"engagement":[89,187],"compared":[90,112,190,229],"non-VR":[93,115,193,232],"condition.":[94,116,233],"also":[96],"predicted":[97],"condition":[103,184,228],"impaired":[106],"responses":[107],"secondary":[110,145,204,243],"task":[111,147,244],"Using":[117],"within-subjects":[119],"design,":[120],"engaged":[122],"meditation":[126,198],"both":[127],"on":[128,216],"computer":[130],"screen":[131],"(non-VR)":[132],"through":[134],"headset":[137],"(VR).":[138],"During":[139],"meditations,":[141,170],"they":[142],"completed":[143,172],"detection-response":[146],"(DRT)":[148],"pressing":[150],"button":[152],"response":[154],"tactile":[157],"stimulus.":[158],"used":[160],"DRT":[161,217,220],"reaction":[162],"times":[163],"objectively":[165],"measure":[166],"immersion.":[167],"Following":[168],"questionnaires":[173],"regarding":[174],"their":[175,186],"experiences.":[176],"As":[177],"predicted,":[178],"reported":[180],"increased":[185],"presence":[189],"version":[194],"same":[197],"scenario.":[199],"With":[200],"regard":[201],"detection":[205],"task,":[206],"we":[207,250],"did":[208],"not":[209],"find":[210],"significant":[212],"effect":[213],"performance,":[218],"although":[219],"performance":[221],"was":[222],"numerically":[223],"worse":[224],"These":[234],"mixed":[235],"results":[236],"suggest":[237],"depends":[245],"upon":[246],"several":[247],"factors,":[248],"which":[249],"discuss.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
