{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118171687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","title":"Wetware network-based AI: a chemical approach to embodied cognition for robotics and artificial intelligence","display_name":"Wetware network-based AI: a chemical approach to embodied cognition for robotics and artificial intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118171687","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41561686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104586231","display_name":"Luisa Damiano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200420086","display_name":"IULM University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp4xq32","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200420086"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luisa Damiano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Complex Systems (CRiSiCo), Department of Communication, Arts and Media, IULM University, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Complex Systems (CRiSiCo), Department of Communication, Arts and Media, IULM University, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200420086"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061759620","display_name":"Antonio Fleres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-9067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200420086","display_name":"IULM University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp4xq32","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200420086"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Fleres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Complex Systems (CRiSiCo), Department of Communication, Arts and Media, IULM University, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Complex Systems (CRiSiCo), Department of Communication, Arts and Media, IULM University, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200420086"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121799910","display_name":"Andrea Roli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136873","display_name":"Azienda-Unita' Sanitaria Locale Di Cesena","ror":"https://ror.org/04kgp1379","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136873"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137980","display_name":"European Centre for Living Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kesq777","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137980"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Roli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Campus of Cesena), Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Cesena, Italy","European Centre for Living Technology, Venice, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Campus of Cesena), Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Cesena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136873"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Centre for Living Technology, Venice, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137980"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005149620","display_name":"Pasquale Stano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-2825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142910587","display_name":"University of Salento","ror":"https://ror.org/03fc1k060","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pasquale Stano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104586231"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200420086"],"apc_list":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"apc_paid":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"fwci":3.247,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84366305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1694338","last_page":"1694338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.44519999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.44519999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.10010000318288803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.06210000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-robotics","display_name":"Cognitive robotics","score":0.7515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.7354999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.6075000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-architecture","display_name":"Cognitive architecture","score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.4011000096797943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192327766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038799","display_name":"Cognitive robotics","level":3,"score":0.7515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.7354999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6676999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.6075000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5105000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5095999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20854674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4386060","display_name":"Cognitive architecture","level":3,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19273510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263847","display_name":"Artificial life","level":2,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207453521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801079","display_name":"Artificial intelligence, situated approach","level":2,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.38510000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165062768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145644","display_name":"Biomimetics","level":2,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11207580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5266817","display_name":"Developmental robotics","level":4,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118070581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2060528","display_name":"Neuroevolution","level":3,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34048319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599967","display_name":"Autopoiesis","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191908910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862838","display_name":"Synthetic biology","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161407221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382939","display_name":"Cognitive model","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30112582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712503","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence System","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92298750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008161","display_name":"Cognitive computing","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41561686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41561686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in robotics and AI","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1048730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338/full","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8e89c6bfac78453cad0088bb0704df9c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8e89c6bfac78453cad0088bb0704df9c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 12 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12812610","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12812610/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Robot AI","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1694338/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326523","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118171687.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":106,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30879150","https://openalex.org/W31424554","https://openalex.org/W118296737","https://openalex.org/W1645305843","https://openalex.org/W1860418423","https://openalex.org/W1897867550","https://openalex.org/W1980661496","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2005252032","https://openalex.org/W2021694444","https://openalex.org/W2027268537","https://openalex.org/W2027350316","https://openalex.org/W2027635233","https://openalex.org/W2031343926","https://openalex.org/W2033873715","https://openalex.org/W2039922706","https://openalex.org/W2047882868","https://openalex.org/W2052750603","https://openalex.org/W2057381575","https://openalex.org/W2080327616","https://openalex.org/W2083281506","https://openalex.org/W2084306628","https://openalex.org/W2092739565","https://openalex.org/W2092989802","https://openalex.org/W2093020640","https://openalex.org/W2093232756","https://openalex.org/W2103018029","https://openalex.org/W2110456944","https://openalex.org/W2113773025","https://openalex.org/W2118692410","https://openalex.org/W2127321047","https://openalex.org/W2130247209","https://openalex.org/W2144588155","https://openalex.org/W2148398960","https://openalex.org/W2148764920","https://openalex.org/W2162502884","https://openalex.org/W2224732943","https://openalex.org/W2397253692","https://openalex.org/W2493894436","https://openalex.org/W2605465619","https://openalex.org/W2737491236","https://openalex.org/W2762319461","https://openalex.org/W2782436719","https://openalex.org/W2783657280","https://openalex.org/W2892188303","https://openalex.org/W2899311976","https://openalex.org/W2903475250","https://openalex.org/W2936293366","https://openalex.org/W2944800629","https://openalex.org/W2945198564","https://openalex.org/W2958229523","https://openalex.org/W2995012518","https://openalex.org/W3001991410","https://openalex.org/W3048675459","https://openalex.org/W3095668021","https://openalex.org/W3097153958","https://openalex.org/W3139297731","https://openalex.org/W3151434123","https://openalex.org/W3172359530","https://openalex.org/W3194664241","https://openalex.org/W3204457379","https://openalex.org/W3211683863","https://openalex.org/W4207072548","https://openalex.org/W4210801736","https://openalex.org/W4231327205","https://openalex.org/W4231563569","https://openalex.org/W4248607104","https://openalex.org/W4253007761","https://openalex.org/W4281960506","https://openalex.org/W4285493196","https://openalex.org/W4294819006","https://openalex.org/W4297106277","https://openalex.org/W4299830491","https://openalex.org/W4318831772","https://openalex.org/W4379792915","https://openalex.org/W4382318346","https://openalex.org/W4383669837","https://openalex.org/W4385235463","https://openalex.org/W4385702712","https://openalex.org/W4385731861","https://openalex.org/W4386448726","https://openalex.org/W4386814937","https://openalex.org/W4387703482","https://openalex.org/W4387953554","https://openalex.org/W4388787722","https://openalex.org/W4392106716","https://openalex.org/W4393091332","https://openalex.org/W4393280006","https://openalex.org/W4395688600","https://openalex.org/W4396733566","https://openalex.org/W4398139722","https://openalex.org/W4399857426","https://openalex.org/W4399897234","https://openalex.org/W4402129310","https://openalex.org/W4402635460","https://openalex.org/W4404978008","https://openalex.org/W4405306574","https://openalex.org/W4408651762","https://openalex.org/W4410603509","https://openalex.org/W4410885154","https://openalex.org/W4411021128","https://openalex.org/W4411076017","https://openalex.org/W4411193093","https://openalex.org/W4411556001","https://openalex.org/W4413065017","https://openalex.org/W4414167911"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wetware":[0,25],"Network-Based":[1],"Artificial":[2],"Intelligence":[3],"(WNAI)":[4],"introduces":[5],"a":[6,48,71,140,178],"new":[7],"approach":[8],"to":[9,43,67,87,185],"robotic":[10,154],"cognition":[11,69,109,188],"and":[12,40,65,99,147,159,173,191],"artificial":[13,107,187],"intelligence:":[14],"autonomous":[15],"cognitive":[16],"agents":[17],"built":[18],"from":[19,37,60],"synthetic":[20,112],"chemical":[21,45,144],"networks.":[22],"Rooted":[23],"in":[24,120,153],"Neuromorphic":[26],"Engineering":[27],",":[28,56,80,137],"WNAI":[29,57,81,138],"shifts":[30],"the":[31,53,77,92,103,115,134,168],"focus":[32],"of":[33,106,130,171],"this":[34,175],"emerging":[35],"field":[36],"disembodied":[38],"computation":[39],"biological":[41],"mimicry":[42],"reticular":[44],"self-organization":[46],"as":[47,70,85],"substrate":[49],"for":[50,142],"cognition.":[51,132],"At":[52,76,133],"theoretical":[54],"level":[55,79,136],"integrates":[58],"insights":[59],"network":[61,125],"cybernetics,":[62],"autopoietic":[63],"theory":[64],"enaction":[66],"frame":[68],"materially":[72],"grounded,":[73],"emergent":[74],"phenomenon.":[75],"heuristic":[78],"defines":[82],"its":[83,183],"role":[84],"complementary":[86],"existing":[88],"leading":[89],"approaches.":[90],"On":[91,114],"one":[93],"hand,":[94,117],"it":[95,118],"complements":[96],"embodied":[97,108],"AI":[98],"xenobotics":[100],"by":[101],"expanding":[102],"design":[104],"space":[105],"into":[110],"fully":[111],"domains.":[113],"other":[116],"engages":[119],"mutual":[121],"exchange":[122],"with":[123,150],"neural":[124,145],"architectures,":[126],"advancing":[127],"cross-substrate":[128],"principles":[129],"network-based":[131],"technological":[135],"offers":[139],"roadmap":[141],"implementing":[143],"networks":[146],"protocellular":[148],"agents,":[149],"potential":[151,184],"applications":[152],"systems":[155],"requiring":[156],"minimal,":[157],"adaptive,":[158],"substrate-sensitive":[160],"intelligence.":[161],"By":[162],"situating":[163],"wetware":[164],"neuromorphic":[165],"engineering":[166],"within":[167],"broader":[169],"landscape":[170],"robotics":[172],"AI,":[174],"article":[176],"outlines":[177],"programmatic":[179],"framework":[180],"that":[181],"highlights":[182],"expand":[186],"beyond":[189],"silicon":[190],"biohybrid":[192],"systems.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-02T14:50:37.381335","created_date":"2026-01-05T00:00:00"}
