{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406883642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","title":"Editorial: Latest trends in bio-inspired medical robotics: structural design, manufacturing, sensing, actuation and control","display_name":"Editorial: Latest trends in bio-inspired medical robotics: structural design, manufacturing, sensing, actuation and control","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406883642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39935781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073614594","display_name":"Yilun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-6356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yilun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Micro Technology and Medical Device Technology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044583128","display_name":"Houde Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-7974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119098","display_name":"Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter","ror":"https://ror.org/02j89k719","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151023","display_name":"Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing Haixi Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ev3vr27","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151023"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houde Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quanzhou Institute of Equipment Manufacturing, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jinjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151023","https://openalex.org/I4210119098","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731559","display_name":"Shuang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9710-7748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034743350","display_name":"Angela Faragasso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8948-3592"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Faragasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["FingerVision Inc., Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FingerVision Inc., Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116055226","display_name":"Sara-Adela Abad Guaman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara-Adela Abad Guaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073614594"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1544097","last_page":"1544097"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.7014632821083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.676091730594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5453126430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4117286205291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.34298402070999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3372698426246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.28601983189582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14513391256332397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.7014632821083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.676091730594635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5453126430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4117286205291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.34298402070999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3372698426246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.28601983189582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14513391256332397}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39935781","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39935781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in robotics and AI","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11810720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11810720","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11810720/pdf/frobt-12-1544097.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Robot AI","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e32ed3348dbe404490cc78b932a31469","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e32ed3348dbe404490cc78b932a31469","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2025.1544097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406883642.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406883642.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184993170","https://openalex.org/W2803735436","https://openalex.org/W2970489687","https://openalex.org/W3031483795","https://openalex.org/W3044836249","https://openalex.org/W4309930261","https://openalex.org/W4316654320","https://openalex.org/W4319997173","https://openalex.org/W4366957189","https://openalex.org/W4385754744","https://openalex.org/W4399368372"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508899372","https://openalex.org/W4233452137","https://openalex.org/W4254857216","https://openalex.org/W4231626925","https://openalex.org/W2962829499","https://openalex.org/W2767518918","https://openalex.org/W2131444840","https://openalex.org/W2414929284","https://openalex.org/W4391539200","https://openalex.org/W192849109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1":[0],"INTRODUCTIONOver":[1],"the":[2,25,58,156,166,171,189,218,228,242,245,326,344,347,351,382,421,440,447,450,456,475,481,486,492,549,553,563,588,614,617,619,634,641,661,664,675,685,700,715,719,728,749,781,785,791,795,801,825,831,839,867,904,909],"past":[3],"few":[4],"decades,":[5],"robotic":[6,222,753],"technologies":[7,163],"have":[8,79],"been":[9],"widely":[10],"introduced":[11,80,591],"into":[12,84,533],"different":[13],"medical":[14,30,85,174,225,425,499,638,828,844,850,877,912],"applications,":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17,312],"surgical":[18],"operation":[19],"and":[20,27,41,46,62,66,70,122,159,183,198,247,282,294,329,363,397,413,449,466,484,566,774,798,885,897],"rehabilitation":[21,236,253,299],"engineering,":[22],"to":[23,37,94,133,154,257,297,541,561,607,646,673,717,739,779,794,856,883,906],"improve":[24,674,800,824],"efficiency":[26],"quality":[28],"of":[29,161,173,188,221,249,260,274,331,350,353,372,385,399,432,494,504,616,622,637,666,677,692,723,735,783,819,827,842,866,876,911],"treatment.":[31,760],"However,":[32],"those":[33],"robots":[34,91,128,376,878],"usually":[35],"need":[36],"interact":[38],"with":[39,135,271,321,390,474,650,670,699],"humans":[40],"manipulate":[42],"their":[43],"complex":[44,543],"structure":[45,270],"internal":[47],"organs":[48],"via":[49],"small":[50],"openings,":[51],"which":[52,530,603],"presents":[53],"a":[54,186,267,284,318,511,592,689,752,763,816],"big":[55],"challenge":[56],"for":[57,164,191,224,234,334,408,424,437,446,455,498,516,568,580,732,742,755,873],"current":[59,348],"sensing,":[60,181],"actuation":[61,182],"control":[63,287,465,636,649,721,875],"strategies":[64,509],"(Muscolo":[65],"Fiorini,":[67],"2023;":[68,144],"Sun":[69,117,121],"Lueth,":[71,123],"2023b).":[72],"To":[73],"solve":[74],"these":[75],"problems,":[76],"many":[77],"researchers":[78],"biologically":[81],"inspired":[82],"techniques":[83,822],"robots.":[86,226,426,500,639,829,845],"For":[87,846],"example,":[88],"snake-like":[89],"soft":[90,335,356,375,406,433,849],"are":[92,215,631,854],"used":[93,606],"achieve":[95],"flexible":[96],"in":[97,200,392,403,654,714,757,804,811,838,848,903],"minimally":[98],"invasive":[99],"surgery":[100],"(Burgner-Kahrs":[101],"et":[102,106,110,114,118,138,142,146,240,342,418,523,585,659,747],"al.,":[103,107,111,115,119,139,143,147,241,343,586,660,748],"2015;":[104],"Lin":[105],"2024;":[108],"Cianchetti":[109],"2018;":[112],"Ashuri":[113],"2020;":[116,120],"2023a),":[124],"while":[125],"insect-inspired":[126],"exoskeleton":[127,472],"can":[129,314,478,604,625,788],"provide":[130,608,815],"walking":[131],"assistance":[132],"patients":[134],"disabilities":[136],"(Shi":[137],"2019;":[140],"Yang":[141],"Liao":[145],"2023).In":[148],"this":[149,201,706,812,889],"Research":[150,202,813],"Topic,":[151],"we":[152],"aim":[153],"present":[155],"latest":[157],"developments":[158,371],"achievements":[160],"bio-inspired":[162,360,405,821,843],"supporting":[165],"future":[167,716,840,905],"research":[168],"directions":[169],"within":[170],"field":[172],"robotics,":[175],"including":[176],"structural":[177,219,361],"design,":[178,411],"modeling,":[179],"manufacturing,":[180],"control.":[184,680],"As":[185],"result":[187],"call":[190],"participation,":[192],"seven":[193],"papers":[194],"were":[195,435,559],"finally":[196],"accepted":[197],"collected":[199,810],"Topic.2":[203],"OVERVIEW":[204],"OF":[205,208],"THE":[206,209],"CONTENTS":[207],"RESEARCH":[210],"TOPICThe":[211],"first":[212],"two":[213,430,489,629],"articles":[214,630,809],"focusing":[216,358,632],"on":[217,317,359,548,587,599,633,705,768],"design":[220,246,423,497],"systems":[223],"In":[227,325,427,640,727],"paper":[229,327,366,502,572,642,729],"\u201dA":[230],"compact":[231],"motorized":[232],"end-effector":[233,251],"ankle":[235,252,262],"training\u201d":[237],"by":[238,279,340,380,416,462,521,583,657,745],"Wu":[239],"authors":[243,345,662,750],"presented":[244,525,751],"development":[248,841,910],"an":[250,470,517,526,534],"robot":[254,519,868],"called":[255],"CEARR":[256,265],"support":[258],"range":[259,577,595,621],"motion":[261,635,720],"rehabilitation.":[263],"The":[264,301,365,501,571],"employed":[266],"bilaterally":[268],"symmetrical":[269],"three":[272],"degrees":[273],"freedom":[275],"per":[276],"side,":[277],"driven":[278],"independent":[280],"actuators,":[281],"integrated":[283,532,701],"real-time":[285],"voluntary-triggered":[286],"(VTC)":[288],"strategy":[289,304],"using":[290,463],"surface":[291],"electromyography":[292],"(sEMG)":[293],"torque":[295],"signals":[296,669],"enhance":[298,718],"outcomes.":[300],"proposed":[302,476,786],"VTC":[303],"could":[305,377,696,711,823],"be":[306,315,378,605,626,697,712,901],"more":[307,708,891],"cost-effective":[308],"than":[309],"neural-network-based":[310],"algorithms,":[311],"it":[313],"executed":[316],"single":[319],"microcontroller":[320],"fewer":[322],"computational":[323,383,393],"resources.":[324],"\u201dOptimization":[328],"fabrication":[330,400,412],"programmable":[332,354,373],"domains":[333],"magnetic":[336,355,374],"robots:":[337],"A":[338],"review\u201d":[339],"Bacchetti":[341],"reviewed":[346],"state":[349],"art":[352],"robots,":[357,851],"optimization":[362,387],"fabrication.":[364],"indicated":[367],"that":[368,428],"significant":[369,832],"further":[370,907],"achieved":[379,698],"increasing":[381],"power":[384,886],"novel":[386,512],"methods,":[388],"combined":[389],"advances":[391],"resolution,":[394],"material":[395],"options":[396],"automation":[398],"methods.The":[401],"contribution":[402],"\u201dNovel":[404],"actuators":[407,434,477],"upper-limb":[409,438,471],"exoskeletons:":[410,439],"feasibility":[414,665],"study\u201d":[415],"Zhang":[417],"al.":[419,524],"analyzes":[420],"actuator":[422],"paper,":[429],"kinds":[431],"developed":[436,515,560,713],"Lobster-Inspired":[441],"Silicone":[442],"Pneumatic":[443,452],"Robot":[444,453],"(LISPER)":[445],"elbow":[448],"Scallop-Shaped":[451],"(SCASPER)":[454],"shoulder.":[457],"Experimental":[458],"results":[459,653],"showed":[460,682],"that,":[461,683],"position":[464,782],"gravity":[467],"compensation":[468],"mode,":[469],"equipped":[473],"stably":[479],"track":[480],"desired":[482,487],"trajectory":[483],"maintain":[485],"position.Other":[488],"contributions":[490],"address":[491],"topic":[493],"tactile":[495,513,528,554],"sensor":[496,514,579,597],"\u201dValidations":[503],"various":[505],"in-hand":[506,544],"object":[507,545,569],"manipulation":[508],"employing":[510],"under-actuated":[518,535],"hand\u201d":[520],"Singh":[522],"opto-electronic-based":[527],"sensor,":[529,555,618],"was":[531],"prosthetic":[536,647,678,725],"hand":[537,648,679],"(Prisma":[538],"Hand":[539],"II)":[540],"realize":[542],"manipulation.":[546,570],"Based":[547,704],"voltage":[550],"value":[551],"from":[552,861],"deep":[556,764],"learning":[557,765],"methods":[558,710],"calculate":[562],"grasping":[564],"forces":[565],"torques":[567],"\u201dAbraded":[573],"optical":[574,601],"fibre-based":[575],"dynamic":[576,594],"force":[578,596,624],"tissue":[581],"palpation\u201d":[582],"Dawood":[584],"other":[589],"hand,":[590],"variable-stiffness":[593],"based":[598,767],"abraded":[600],"fibre,":[602],"remote":[609],"haptic":[610],"feedback.":[611],"By":[612,761],"adjusting":[613],"stiffness":[615],"measurement":[620],"touching":[623],"modified.The":[627],"last":[628],"\u201dIntegrating":[643],"computer":[644],"vision":[645,702],"sEMG:":[651],"Preliminary":[652],"grasp":[655,693],"classification\u201d":[656],"Wang":[658],"investigated":[663],"integrating":[667],"sEMG":[668],"visual":[671],"information":[672],"accuracy":[676,691,722],"Results":[681],"during":[684,863],"early":[686],"reaching":[687],"phase,":[688],"higher":[690],"pattern":[694],"classification":[695],"data.":[703],"knowledge,":[707],"vision-based":[709],"myoelectric":[724],"hands.":[726],"\u201dAdaptive":[730],"approach":[731],"tracking":[733],"movements":[734],"biological":[736],"targets:":[737],"application":[738],"robot-based":[740],"intervention":[741],"prostate":[743,758,805],"cancer\u201d":[744],"Smahi":[746],"system":[754,787],"Brachytherapy":[756],"cancer":[759,796,806],"utilizing":[762],"framework":[766],"Long":[769],"Short-Term":[770],"Memory":[771],"(LSTM)":[772],"networks":[773],"Convolutional":[775],"Neural":[776],"Networks":[777],"(CNNs)":[778],"predict":[780],"prostate,":[784],"precisely":[789],"deliver":[790],"radioactive":[792],"drug":[793],"tissues":[797],"hence,":[799],"patient":[802],"experience":[803],"Brachytherapy.3":[807],"CONCLUSIONThe":[808],"Topic":[814],"good":[817],"demonstration":[818],"how":[820],"performance":[826],"Despite":[830],"progress,":[833],"several":[834],"challenges":[835],"still":[836,879],"remain":[837],"instance,":[847],"innovative":[852],"solutions":[853],"needed":[855],"protect":[857],"delicate":[858],"electronic":[859],"components":[860],"damage":[862],"large":[864],"deformations":[865],"body.":[869],"Additionally,":[870],"onboard":[871],"computation":[872],"AI-based":[874],"faces":[880],"limitations":[881],"due":[882],"weight":[884],"constraints.":[887],"From":[888],"perspective,":[890],"collaboration":[892],"between":[893],"clinicians,":[894],"roboticists,":[895],"biologists":[896],"mechanical":[898],"engineers":[899],"should":[900],"encouraged":[902],"promote":[908],"robotics.":[913]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}