{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400431049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","title":"Editorial: Human-centered robot vision and artificial perception","display_name":"Editorial: Human-centered robot vision and artificial perception","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400431049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39040427"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043311744","display_name":"Qing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5395-6175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339882","display_name":"Xin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0394-7972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142078773","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00ft6nj33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142078773","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142078773","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031213023","display_name":"Chunwei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-8147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunwei Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101574121","display_name":"Hongwei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-2970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116036724","display_name":"Shenyang Ligong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m20nr07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116036724"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of International Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of International Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116036724"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056287221","display_name":"Zhaojie Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-7609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaojie Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043311744","https://openalex.org/A5100339882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142078773","https://openalex.org/I157773358","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":1.0848,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80588611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"1406280","last_page":"1406280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.6136000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.6136000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14155","display_name":"Advanced Technology in Applications","score":0.5507000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14139","display_name":"E-commerce and Technology Innovations","score":0.5419999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7007570266723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zh\u00e0ng","display_name":"Zh\u00e0ng","score":0.6967669129371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6565694808959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.624075174331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6135904788970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-vision","display_name":"Artificial vision","score":0.4917471706867218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46455925703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.4516838490962982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-vision","display_name":"Robot vision","score":0.4456612467765808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.3484894633293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3348245620727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1256663203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.06163623929023743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.06155937910079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.054035961627960205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7007570266723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777045944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12170198","display_name":"Zh\u00e0ng","level":3,"score":0.6967669129371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6565694808959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.624075174331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6135904788970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982818900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20779747","display_name":"Artificial vision","level":2,"score":0.4917471706867218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46455925703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.4516838490962982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983761899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604674","display_name":"Robot vision","level":4,"score":0.4456612467765808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.3484894633293152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3348245620727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1256663203239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.06163623929023743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.06155937910079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.054035961627960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39040427","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39040427","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in robotics and AI","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11260560","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11260560","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11260560/pdf/frobt-11-1406280.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Robot AI","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4d74db2ae09453f9499954a03c55b25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4d74db2ae09453f9499954a03c55b25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 11 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/robotics-and-ai/articles/10.3389/frobt.2024.1406280/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400431049.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400431049.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364559953","https://openalex.org/W2375840727","https://openalex.org/W2389678104","https://openalex.org/W2006288243","https://openalex.org/W2047155493","https://openalex.org/W2005171629","https://openalex.org/W2602306601","https://openalex.org/W2157118645","https://openalex.org/W2105047128","https://openalex.org/W2024863058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,14,22,25,31,144,156,178,213,258,261,278,283,322,326,370,386,392,445,458,464,469,475,506,513,522,525,546,585,588,591,597,602,607,650,654,658,662,667,675,699,703,705,708,728,736,739,742,752,768,775,779,801,815],"daily":[2],"life":[3],"of":[4,10,13,30,51,177,263,280,288,296,349,388,407,477,492,551,584,714,724,741,803,807],"human":[5,32,35,52,56,191,315,382,390,398,460,494,515,529,696,700,789,809],"beings,":[6],"more":[7,669,684],"than":[8],"80%":[9],"their":[11,207,318],"awareness":[12],"surrounding":[15],"environment":[16],"relies":[17],"on":[18,190,250,267,489,636,649,661,702,733],"visual":[19,71,91,97,103,109,116],"information,":[20],"and":[21,37,58,60,73,85,93,99,105,111,113,122,134,148,187,193,202,231,254,313,367,439,448,455,483,508,560,644,665,672,679,721,755,757,760,771,784,817],"eyes":[23,208],"are":[24,39,197,355],"most":[26],"important":[27],"sensory":[28],"system":[29],"body.":[33],"Meanwhile,":[34,647,774,800],"intentions":[36,59],"states":[38,57],"mostly":[40],"reflected":[41],"in":[42,64,79,131,151,158,212,228,270,518,579,601,690,711,792],"non-verbal":[43],"communication":[44],"or":[45,683],"body":[46,95,436,449,516,810],"language":[47],"behaviors.":[48],"Intelligent":[49],"perception":[50,87,92,98,104,110,126],"modalities":[53],"can":[54,412,611,656],"recognize":[55],"provide":[61],"reasonable":[62],"feedback":[63],"virtual":[65],"reality,":[66],"driver":[67],"monitoring":[68],"systems,":[69],"patient":[70],"diagnosis,":[72],"human-computer":[74],"interaction":[75,115,252,311],"applications.":[76],"As":[77],"shown":[78],"Figure":[80],".1,":[81],"humancentered":[82],"robot":[83,291,360,603],"vision":[84],"artificial":[86,125],"mainly":[88],"includes:":[89],"gesture":[90],"interaction,":[94,100,106,112],"movement":[96,609],"gaze":[101,185,216,223,245,265,284,328,343,361],"direction":[102],"facial":[107,431],"expression":[108],"human-object":[114],"perception.":[117,570],"Driven":[118],"by":[119,452,531,544,620,716],"deep":[120,485],"learning":[121,486],"big":[123],"data,":[124],"has":[127],"made":[128],"great":[129],"progress":[130],"both":[132],"theory":[133],"application.":[135],"We":[136],"publish":[137],"this":[138,152,159,734],"research":[139,160,353],"topic":[140],"to":[141,205,221,232,300,309,320,385,405,415,462,468,595,631,727,763,813,828],"bring":[142],"together":[143],"latest":[145],"theoretical":[146],"findings":[147,354],"experimental":[149],"results":[150,279,578],"field.":[153],"Of":[154],"all":[155,427,718,778],"submissions":[157],"topic,":[161],"four":[162,484],"manuscripts":[163],"were":[164,517],"accepted":[165],"after":[166],"a":[167,174,271,289,293,305,340,347,359,408,417,490,539,552,556,561,576,580,615,621,691,786,793,797],"standard":[168],"review":[169,176],"process.":[170],"Below":[171],"we":[172],"present":[173],"brief":[175],"published":[179],"articles.Koller":[180],"et":[181,536],"al":[182,537],"investigated":[183,260,369,674],"robotic":[184],"aversion":[186,285,329],"its":[188],"effects":[189],"behavior":[192,224,362],"attitudes.":[194],"When":[195],"humans":[196,780],"asked":[198],"difficult":[199],"questions,":[200],"adults":[201],"children":[203],"tend":[204],"avert":[206],"at":[209,325],"certain":[210],"points":[211],"interaction.":[214,365],"Human-inspired":[215],"parameters":[217,246,297],"have":[218],"been":[219],"used":[220,414,629,827],"implement":[222],"for":[225,357,363,420,565],"humanoid":[226,290],"robots":[227],"conversational":[229,272],"settings":[230],"improve":[233,814],"user":[234],"experience":[235],"(UX).":[236],"However,":[237],"it":[238],"is":[239,344,811,826],"unclear":[240],"how":[241],"deviations":[242],"from":[243,512,524,681,747,781],"human-inspired":[244],"affect":[247],"UX.":[248],"Based":[249,732],"eye-tracking,":[251],"duration,":[253],"self-reported":[255],"attitude":[256],"measures,":[257],"authors":[259,275,393,425,473,589,628,655,706,737,776],"impact":[262],"nonhuman-inspired":[264],"duration":[266],"participants'":[268],"UX":[269],"setting.":[273],"The":[274,424,472,627,819],"demonstrated":[276],"that":[277,304,314,339,505],"systematically":[281],"varying":[282],"rate":[286,373],"(GAR)":[287],"over":[292],"wide":[294],"range":[295],"(from":[298],"0.1":[299],"0.9).":[301],"They":[302,503],"found":[303,504],"low":[306],"GAR":[307,319],"leads":[308],"shorter":[310],"durations":[312],"participants":[316,331],"change":[317,583],"mimic":[321],"robot.":[323],"Moreover,":[324],"lowest":[327],"setting,":[330],"did":[332],"not":[333,345],"stare":[334],"back":[335],"as":[336,614],"expected,":[337],"suggesting":[338],"high":[341,350],"mutual":[342],"always":[346],"sign":[348],"comfort.":[351],"These":[352],"useful":[356],"designing":[358],"human-robot":[364],"Wang":[366],"Chahl":[368],"image-based":[371],"heart":[372],"estimation":[374],"method":[375,543],"namely":[376],"imaging-photoplethysmography":[377],"(iPPG),":[378],"using":[379,796],"three-dimensional":[380],"(3D)":[381,788],"simulation.":[383],"Due":[384],"lack":[387],"high-quality":[389],"datasets,":[391],"propose":[394],"an":[395,573],"enhanced":[396],"3D":[397,459,465,493,514,557,592,638,743],"model":[399,461,466],"with":[400,496,521,575,686,695],"dynamically":[401],"similar":[402],"cardiac":[403,421],"signals":[404,511],"those":[406],"real":[409,470,500],"person,":[410],"which":[411],"be":[413,612],"create":[416],"simulated":[418,446],"dataset":[419],"signal":[422],"extraction.":[423],"integrated":[426],"subject":[428],"variables":[429,441],"(e.g.,":[430],"expression,":[432],"blinking,":[433],"skin":[434],"type,":[435],"activity,":[437],"etc.)":[438],"environmental":[440],"(light":[442],"changes)":[443],"into":[444,457],"environment,":[447],"motion":[450,599],"caused":[451,619],"involuntary":[453],"movements":[454],"breathing":[456],"make":[463],"closer":[467],"scene.":[471],"evaluated":[474],"performance":[476],"five":[478],"well-known":[479],"traditional":[480],"iPPG":[481,487,533],"methods":[482,488],"set":[491,713],"models":[495],"different":[497],"appearances":[498],"against":[499],"database":[501],"videos.":[502],"time":[507,794],"frequency":[509],"domain":[510],"good":[519],"agreement":[520],"data":[523,640],"comparison":[526],"group":[527],"(real":[528],"video)":[530],"various":[532],"tests.":[534],"Zhang":[535,671],"studied":[538],"vision-based":[540],"trajectory":[541,594,600,668],"teaching":[542,604],"recognizing":[545],"finger":[547,577,608],"trajectory.":[548],"It":[549],"consists":[550],"color":[553,643],"camera":[554,563],"(RGB),":[555],"sensor":[558],"(D)":[559],"thermal":[562,593],"(T)":[564],"multimodal":[566,637],"point":[567,624,676,725,744,806],"cloud":[568,677,745],"(RGB-D-T)":[569],"Since":[571,698],"touching":[572],"object":[574,663],"slight":[581],"temperature":[582],"object's":[586],"surface,":[587],"use":[590],"represent":[596],"robot's":[598],"mode.":[605],"Here,":[606],"process":[610,618],"considered":[613],"heat":[616,625,651,660],"transfer":[617,652],"moving":[622,719],"Gaussian":[623],"source.":[626],"RandLANet":[630],"perform":[632],"hand/object":[633],"semantic":[634],"segmentation":[635],"image":[639],"containing":[641],"temperature,":[642],"geometric":[645],"features.":[646],"based":[648],"equation,":[653],"analyze":[657],"residual":[659],"surface":[664],"predict":[666],"accurately.":[670],"Czarnuch":[673],"registration":[678],"completion":[680,746],"two":[682,823],"sensors":[685,715],"arbitrary":[687],"relative":[688],"perspectives":[689],"challenging":[692],"indoor":[693],"scenario":[694],"motion.":[697],"walks":[701],"ground/floor,":[704],"located":[707],"ground":[709,730],"planes":[710],"each":[712,782,808],"finding":[717],"objects":[720],"aligning":[722],"pairs":[723],"clouds":[726],"common":[729],"plane.":[731],"constraint,":[735],"reduced":[738],"complexity":[740],"six":[748],"unknowns":[749,765],"(translation":[750,766],"along":[751,767],"x-,":[753],"y-,":[754],"zaxis":[756],"roll,":[758],"pitch,":[759],"yaw":[761,772],"rotations)":[762],"three":[764],"xand":[769],"z-axis":[770],"rotation).":[773],"extract":[777],"frame":[783],"generate":[785],"threedimensional":[787],"walking":[790,824],"sequence":[791],"series":[795],"histogram-based":[798],"approach.":[799],"center":[802],"mass":[804],"(CoM)":[805],"calculated":[812],"accuracy":[816],"performance.":[818],"Fr\u00e9chet":[820],"distance":[821],"between":[822],"paths":[825],"match":[829],"them":[830]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
