{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378746034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","title":"Introducing a healthcare-assistive robot in primary care: a preliminary questionnaire survey","display_name":"Introducing a healthcare-assistive robot in primary care: a preliminary questionnaire survey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378746034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37251354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016087648","display_name":"Ngiap Chuan Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5946-1149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113223","display_name":"SingHealth Polyclinics","ror":"https://ror.org/01ytv0571","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. C. Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101962148","display_name":"Yunus Yusoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113223","display_name":"SingHealth Polyclinics","ror":"https://ror.org/01ytv0571","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. Yusoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031352150","display_name":"Deanna Koot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113223","display_name":"SingHealth Polyclinics","ror":"https://ror.org/01ytv0571","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Koot","raw_affiliation_strings":["SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039870258","display_name":"Quek Choon Lau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58236372","display_name":"Ngee Ann Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/01w953x65","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q. C. Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences & Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068788284","display_name":"Hyun\u2010Sul Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9972-2561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58236372","display_name":"Ngee Ann Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/01w953x65","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health Sciences, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health Sciences, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109609851","display_name":"T. F. Hui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58236372","display_name":"Ngee Ann Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/01w953x65","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. F. Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58236372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092049601","display_name":"H. Y. Cher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Y. Cher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104169237","display_name":"Pingting Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Y. A. Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021299152","display_name":"Yi Ling Eileen Koh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-7158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113223","display_name":"SingHealth Polyclinics","ror":"https://ror.org/01ytv0571","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. L. E. Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016087648","https://openalex.org/A5101962148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113223"],"apc_list":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"apc_paid":{"value":2125,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2125},"fwci":0.7707,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70410614,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"1123153","last_page":"1123153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyclinic","display_name":"Polyclinic","score":0.923424482345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5880914330482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likert-scale","display_name":"Likert scale","score":0.5679548382759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine","display_name":"Family medicine","score":0.452349990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.43078330159187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.41413137316703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.40913712978363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.33558598160743713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776978955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106629957","display_name":"Polyclinic","level":2,"score":0.923424482345581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5880914330482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105776082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617473","display_name":"Likert scale","level":2,"score":0.5679548382759094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.452349990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.43078330159187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.41413137316703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40913712978363037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.33558598160743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37251354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37251354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in robotics and AI","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10213896","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10213896","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10213896/pdf/frobt-10-1123153.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Robot AI","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6e9e29f227364b9c97e557c92e1bf343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6e9e29f227364b9c97e557c92e1bf343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 10 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1123153/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6238096003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGF 20GAP006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327041","display_name":"Ngee Ann Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/01w953x65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334737","display_name":"National Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04x3cxs03"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378746034.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140440113","https://openalex.org/W2952147205","https://openalex.org/W3011486756","https://openalex.org/W3121222079","https://openalex.org/W3134399564","https://openalex.org/W3164039087","https://openalex.org/W3194018562","https://openalex.org/W3200185420","https://openalex.org/W3206153955","https://openalex.org/W3206943382","https://openalex.org/W4205928276","https://openalex.org/W4210283495","https://openalex.org/W4233122835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386980955","https://openalex.org/W2410733122","https://openalex.org/W2403093415","https://openalex.org/W3092098602","https://openalex.org/W1800863792","https://openalex.org/W2367745595","https://openalex.org/W4300882298","https://openalex.org/W2360733892","https://openalex.org/W2331055417","https://openalex.org/W2980846164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,64,85,209],"Healthcare-assistive":[1],"Infection-control":[2],"RObot":[3],"(HIRO)":[4],"is":[5,10],"a":[6,109,148],"healthcare-assistive":[7],"robot":[8],"that":[9,223],"deployed":[11],"in":[12,24,82,172,204],"an":[13,122],"outpatient":[14],"primary":[15],"care":[16],"clinic":[17,206],"to":[18,37,43,72,124,159,245,262],"sanitise":[19],"the":[20,45,53,62,76,140,151,157,179,182,205,212,217,233,236,240,263],"premises,":[21],"monitor":[22],"people":[23],"its":[25,224],"proximity":[26],"for":[27,253],"their":[28,137],"temperature":[29,193],"and":[30,34,50,56,95,115,128,133,154,168,174,202,222,242],"donning":[31,191],"of":[32,48,87,104,111,139,178,211,232,259],"masks,":[33],"usher":[35],"them":[36],"service":[38],"points.":[39],"This":[40],"study":[41],"aimed":[42],"determine":[44],"acceptability,":[46],"perceptions":[47,138],"safety,":[49],"concerns":[51],"among":[52],"patients,":[54],"visitors,":[55],"polyclinic":[57,241],"healthcare":[58],"workers":[59],"(HCWs)":[60],"regarding":[61],"HIRO.":[63],"cross-sectional":[65],"questionnaire":[66],"survey":[67],"was":[68,78,106,166],"conducted":[69],"from":[70,130,216],"March":[71],"April":[73],"2022":[74],"when":[75],"HIRO":[77,141,249],"at":[79,98,239],"Tampines":[80],"Polyclinic":[81],"eastern":[83],"Singapore.":[84],"total":[86],"170":[88],"multidisciplinary":[89],"HCWs":[90,135],"serve":[91],"approximately":[92],"1,000":[93],"patients":[94],"visitors":[96],"daily":[97],"this":[99],"polyclinic.":[100],"The":[101,145,176,248],"sample":[102],"size":[103],"385":[105],"computed":[107],"using":[108,142],"proportion":[110],"0.5,":[112],"5%":[113],"precision,":[114],"95%":[116],"confidence":[117],"interval.":[118],"Research":[119],"assistants":[120],"administered":[121],"e-survey":[123],"gather":[125],"demographic":[126],"data":[127],"feedback":[129],"300":[131],"patients/visitors":[132],"85":[134],"on":[136,150],"Likert":[143],"scales.":[144],"participants":[146,180,213,234],"watched":[147],"video":[149],"HIRO's":[152,183,218,237],"functionalities":[153,184],"were":[155,170],"given":[156],"opportunity":[158],"directly":[160],"interact":[161],"with":[162],"it.":[163],"Descriptive":[164],"statistics":[165],"performed":[167],"figures":[169],"presented":[171],"frequencies":[173],"percentages.":[175],"majority":[177],"viewed":[181],"favourably:":[185],"sanitising":[186],"(96.7%/91.2%);":[187],"checking":[188],"proper":[189],"mask":[190],"(97%/89.4%);":[192],"monitoring":[194],"(97%/91.7%);":[195],"ushering":[196],"(91.7%/81.1%);":[197],"perceived":[198,214,243,264],"user":[199],"friendliness":[200],"(93%/88.3%),":[201],"improvement":[203],"experience":[207],"(96%/94.2%).":[208],"minority":[210],"harm":[215],"liquid":[219],"disinfectant":[220],"(29.6%/31.5%)":[221],"voice-annotated":[225],"instructions":[226],"may":[227],"be":[228,246],"upsetting":[229],"(14%/24.8%).":[230],"Most":[231],"accepted":[235],"deployment":[238],"it":[244],"safe.":[247],"used":[250],"ultraviolet":[251],"irradiation":[252],"sanitisation":[254],"during":[255],"after-clinic":[256],"hours":[257],"instead":[258],"disinfectants":[260],"due":[261],"harm.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}