{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4327619183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","title":"Pedestrian detection model based on Tiny-Yolov3 architecture for wearable devices to visually impaired assistance","display_name":"Pedestrian detection model based on Tiny-Yolov3 architecture for wearable devices to visually impaired assistance","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4327619183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37008985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023289977","display_name":"Sergio-Uriel Maya-Mart\u00ednez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio-Uriel Maya-Mart\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010284010","display_name":"Amadeo-Jos\u00e9 Arg\u00fcelles-Cruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-4739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59361560","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amadeo-Jos\u00e9 Arg\u00fcelles-Cruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Computaci\u00f3n, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59361560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064369348","display_name":"Zobeida J. Guzman-Zavaleta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-8862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69181431","display_name":"Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas Puebla","ror":"https://ror.org/01s1km724","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69181431"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zobeida-Jezabel Guzm\u00e1n-Zavaleta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas Puebla, Puebla, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas Puebla, Puebla, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69181431"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063947734","display_name":"Miguel-de-Jes\u00fas Ram\u00edrez-Cadena","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miguel-de-Jes\u00fas Ram\u00edrez-Cadena","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Science, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Science, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063947734"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":1.6887,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86202358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"1052509","last_page":"1052509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8653358221054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.7097901701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5852314829826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.570918083190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.5654112100601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4901474416255951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.47385933995246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4368263781070709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3750966787338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.29036402702331543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8653358221054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.7097901701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5852314829826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.570918083190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.5654112100601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4901474416255951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.47385933995246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4368263781070709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3750966787338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.29036402702331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37008985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37008985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in robotics and AI","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10061079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10061079","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10061079/pdf/frobt-10-1052509.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Robot AI","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd6be0c38e18419c855f3fc0bbb6ff81","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd6be0c38e18419c855f3fc0bbb6ff81","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Vol 10 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1052509/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595095599","display_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","issn_l":"2296-9144","issn":["2296-9144"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321694","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/059sp8j34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323037","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4327619183.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2195750176","https://openalex.org/W2401611213","https://openalex.org/W2467483865","https://openalex.org/W2565726469","https://openalex.org/W2604505099","https://openalex.org/W2756233686","https://openalex.org/W2771992117","https://openalex.org/W2781795777","https://openalex.org/W2783983657","https://openalex.org/W2810392541","https://openalex.org/W2887816175","https://openalex.org/W2898491875","https://openalex.org/W2898741879","https://openalex.org/W2911486422","https://openalex.org/W2913231171","https://openalex.org/W2953384591","https://openalex.org/W2962970995","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2967819436","https://openalex.org/W2989676862","https://openalex.org/W3001112922","https://openalex.org/W3049488498","https://openalex.org/W3093871982","https://openalex.org/W3094527302","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4210562303","https://openalex.org/W4283157932","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4312255578","https://openalex.org/W6628973269","https://openalex.org/W6631782140","https://openalex.org/W6675026286","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6736789698","https://openalex.org/W6749781174","https://openalex.org/W6758606004","https://openalex.org/W6764945797","https://openalex.org/W6765939481"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2514492205","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2095299560","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644","https://openalex.org/W2999186374"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Wearable":[1],"assistive":[2,73],"devices":[3,15,65],"for":[4,55,69,75,158,188,197],"the":[5,25,70,76,84,106,113,139,175,184,189,209,237,247,267],"visually":[6,77,229,277],"impaired":[7,230,278],"whose":[8,165],"technology":[9],"is":[10,28,167],"based":[11],"on":[12,112],"video":[13],"camera":[14],"represent":[16,88],"a":[17,48,129,194,203,221,241],"challenge":[18],"in":[19,38,62,202,262,274],"rapid":[20],"evolution,":[21],"where":[22],"one":[23],"of":[24,72,83,91,120,131,138,144,150,224,276],"main":[26],"problems":[27],"to":[29,105,174,269],"find":[30],"computer":[31],"vision":[32],"algorithms":[33],"that":[34],"can":[35,59],"be":[36,60],"implemented":[37,61],"low-cost":[39,63],"embedded":[40,192,199],"devices.":[41],"Objectives":[42],"and":[43,98,122,133,146,156,160,171,201,214,220,246],"Methods":[44],"This":[45],"work":[46],"presents":[47],"Tiny":[49],"You":[50],"Only":[51],"Look":[52],"Once":[53],"architecture":[54],"pedestrian":[56],"detection,":[57],"which":[58,177],"wearable":[64],"as":[66],"an":[67,89,118,142,260],"alternative":[68],"development":[71],"technologies":[74],"impaired.":[78],"Results":[79],"The":[80,109,125,135,148,254],"recall":[81],"results":[82],"proposed":[85],"refined":[86],"model":[87,185],"improvement":[90,143],"71%":[92],"working":[93],"with":[94,100,240],"four":[95,159],"anchor":[96,102,162],"boxes":[97,103],"66%":[99],"six":[101,161],"compared":[104,173],"original":[107],"model.":[108],"accuracy":[110,137],"achieved":[111,141],"same":[114],"data":[115],"set":[116],"shows":[117,128],"increase":[119],"14%":[121],"25%,":[123],"respectively.":[124],"F1":[126],"calculation":[127],"refinement":[130],"57%":[132],"55%.":[134],"average":[136],"models":[140],"87%":[145],"99%.":[147],"number":[149],"correctly":[151,178],"detected":[152,179],"objects":[153],"was":[154,186,232],"3098":[155],"2892":[157],"boxes,":[163],"respectively,":[164],"performance":[166],"better":[168],"by":[169],"77%":[170],"65%":[172],"original,":[176],"1743":[180],"objects.":[181],"Discussion":[182],"Finally,":[183],"optimized":[187],"Jetson":[190,255],"Nano":[191,256],"system,":[193],"case":[195],"study":[196],"low-power":[198],"devices,":[200],"desktop":[204,238],"computer.":[205],"In":[206],"both":[207],"cases,":[208],"graphics":[210,244],"processing":[211,216,249],"unit":[212,217],"(GPU)":[213],"central":[215],"were":[218],"tested,":[219],"documented":[222],"comparison":[223],"solutions":[225],"aimed":[226],"at":[227],"serving":[228],"people":[231],"performed.":[233],"Conclusion":[234],"We":[235],"performed":[236],"tests":[239],"RTX":[242],"2070S":[243],"card,":[245],"image":[248,261],"took":[250],"about":[251,263],"2.8":[252],"ms.":[253],"board":[257],"could":[258],"process":[259],"110":[264],"ms,":[265],"offering":[266],"opportunity":[268],"generate":[270],"alert":[271],"notification":[272],"procedures":[273],"support":[275],"mobility.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-08T08:47:23.578185","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}