{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390665471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","title":"Psychometric properties of the TACT framework\u2014Determining rigor in qualitative research","display_name":"Psychometric properties of the TACT framework\u2014Determining rigor in qualitative research","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390665471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38259871"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596295431","display_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","issn_l":"2504-0537","issn":["2504-0537"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026053085","display_name":"Ben Kei Daniel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1173-8225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Kei Daniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Higher Education Development Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Higher Education Development Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044850596","display_name":"Mustafa As\u0131l","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-6686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120125038","display_name":"Bond University","ror":"https://ror.org/006jxzx88","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120125038"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa Asil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120125038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007661941","display_name":"Sarah Carr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3100-4392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80281795","display_name":"University of Otago","ror":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Carr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Otago Business School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Otago Business School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026053085"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80281795"],"apc_list":{"value":950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":950},"apc_paid":{"value":950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":950},"fwci":9.7874,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97534577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1276446","last_page":"1276446"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12880","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Applications","score":0.10300000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12880","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Applications","score":0.10300000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11981","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics","score":0.05249999836087227,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11875","display_name":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tact","display_name":"Tact","score":0.9438079595565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rigour","display_name":"Rigour","score":0.8486592769622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.7705721855163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credibility","display_name":"Credibility","score":0.6090710163116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-property","display_name":"Qualitative property","score":0.47337740659713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.46759268641471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-design","display_name":"Research design","score":0.4655407667160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/framing","display_name":"Framing (construction)","score":0.44107457995414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.4246062934398651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3875010907649994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.36422616243362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.2841721475124359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.27697616815567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2572652995586395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.13693538308143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10972699522972107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778833722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28457372","display_name":"Tact","level":2,"score":0.9438079595565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71008984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890076","display_name":"Rigour","level":2,"score":0.8486592769622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.7705721855163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.6090710163116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.47337740659713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.46759268641471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.4655407667160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.44107457995414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.4246062934398651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3875010907649994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.36422616243362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2841721475124359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27697616815567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2572652995586395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.13693538308143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10972699522972107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596295431","display_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","issn_l":"2504-0537","issn":["2504-0537"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38259871","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38259871","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in research metrics and analytics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://pure.bond.edu.au/:publications/3925648b-34ac-4cf2-b53a-7d66137b78b6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/3925648b-34ac-4cf2-b53a-7d66137b78b6","pdf_url":"https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/files/227219233/Psychometric_properties_of_the_TACT_framework_Determining_rigor_in_qualitative_research.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402608","display_name":"Bond University Research Portal (Bond University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I120125038","host_organization_name":"Bond University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120125038"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Daniel, B, Asil, M & Carr, S 2024, 'Psychometric properties of the TACT framework\u2014Determining rigor in qualitative research', Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, vol. 8, pp. 1-10. < https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446/full >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10800612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10800612","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10800612/pdf/frma-08-1276446.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Res Metr Anal","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:876513175f734bb8bad014d40cfcf0e4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/876513175f734bb8bad014d40cfcf0e4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, Vol 8 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frma.2023.1276446/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596295431","display_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","issn_l":"2504-0537","issn":["2504-0537"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390665471.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1051780262","https://openalex.org/W1547450212","https://openalex.org/W1575714269","https://openalex.org/W1815596065","https://openalex.org/W1957890759","https://openalex.org/W1971410477","https://openalex.org/W1979517429","https://openalex.org/W1992193527","https://openalex.org/W2005092827","https://openalex.org/W2010381355","https://openalex.org/W2049605678","https://openalex.org/W2052934174","https://openalex.org/W2054966008","https://openalex.org/W2055468267","https://openalex.org/W2055566656","https://openalex.org/W2058395827","https://openalex.org/W2070349754","https://openalex.org/W2081358848","https://openalex.org/W2086301852","https://openalex.org/W2089871805","https://openalex.org/W2104470097","https://openalex.org/W2113286220","https://openalex.org/W2129375743","https://openalex.org/W2140534260","https://openalex.org/W2145675764","https://openalex.org/W2157703634","https://openalex.org/W2158242434","https://openalex.org/W2161835779","https://openalex.org/W2166511921","https://openalex.org/W2281263545","https://openalex.org/W2318338767","https://openalex.org/W2614358444","https://openalex.org/W2621347132","https://openalex.org/W2751556990","https://openalex.org/W2791025127","https://openalex.org/W2794609325","https://openalex.org/W2852717006","https://openalex.org/W2921801973","https://openalex.org/W2936015247","https://openalex.org/W2941674539","https://openalex.org/W3098349105","https://openalex.org/W3110751729","https://openalex.org/W4239078968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794609325","https://openalex.org/W2950708184","https://openalex.org/W1995264603","https://openalex.org/W4386438923","https://openalex.org/W4307826333","https://openalex.org/W4391003538","https://openalex.org/W1604414094","https://openalex.org/W2795225254","https://openalex.org/W2562861752","https://openalex.org/W4320806424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"The":[1,45,117,158,182,202],"credibility":[2],"of":[3,15,20,31,78,134,143,195,204,284,306,347,351,354],"qualitative":[4,24,49,72,104,115,179,196,232,248,271,307,331,358],"research":[5,33,79,105,118,180,197,233,272,342,355],"has":[6],"long":[7],"been":[8],"debated,":[9],"with":[10,177,325],"critics":[11],"emphasizing":[12],"the":[13,18,76,90,131,135,141,163,169,193,205,218,223,238,261,275,289,304,348,352],"lack":[14],"rigor":[16,26,194,230,269,305,329],"and":[17,43,55,100,108,112,146,155,188,199,208,258,292,302,313,327,340],"challenges":[19,57,323],"demonstrating":[21,328],"it.":[22],"In":[23,287],"research,":[25,50,249,308,332],"encompasses":[27],"explicit,":[28],"detailed":[29],"descriptions":[30],"various":[32,53,276],"stages,":[34],"including":[35],"problem":[36],"framing,":[37],"study":[38],"design,":[39],"data":[40],"collection,":[41],"analysis,":[42],"reporting.":[44],"diversity":[46],"inherent":[47],"in":[48,71,114,120,191,221,225,231,241,270,330],"originating":[51],"from":[52],"beliefs":[54],"paradigms,":[56],"establishing":[58],"universal":[59],"guidelines":[60],"for":[61,153,228,310,338],"determining":[62],"its":[63,144,148,209,293],"rigor.":[64,285],"Additionally,":[65],"researchers'":[66],"often":[67],"unrecorded":[68],"thought":[69],"processes":[70,198],"studies":[73],"further":[74],"complicate":[75],"assessment":[77],"quality.":[80],"Methods:":[81],"To":[82],"address":[83],"these":[84],"concerns,":[85],"this":[86,121,254],"article":[87,122],"builds":[88],"on":[89,124],"TACT":[91,136,164,206,262,290],"framework,":[92,165],"which":[93,250],"was":[94],"developed":[95,171],"to":[96,103,106,129,246,267],"teach":[97],"postgraduate":[98,186,311],"students":[99,187,312],"those":[101],"new":[102,189],"identify":[107],"apply":[109],"rigorous":[110,178],"principles":[111],"indicators":[113],"research.":[116,156],"reported":[119],"focuses":[123],"creating":[125],"a":[126,151,243,265,282,335],"scale":[127,211,296],"designed":[128],"evaluate":[130],"psychometric":[132],"properties":[133],"framework.":[137],"This":[138],"involves":[139],"analyzing":[140],"stability":[142],"dimensions":[145,175],"understanding":[147],"effectiveness":[149],"as":[150],"tool":[152,337],"teaching":[154,229],"Results:":[157],"study's":[159],"findings":[160],"indicate":[161],"that":[162],"when":[166],"assessed":[167],"through":[168,357],"newly":[170],"scale,":[172],"exhibits":[173],"stable":[174],"consistent":[176],"principles.":[181],"framework":[183,207,263,291],"effectively":[184],"guides":[185],"researchers":[190],"assessing":[192,339],"outcomes.":[200],"Discussion:":[201],"application":[203],"evaluation":[210],"reveals":[212],"several":[213],"insights.":[214],"Firstly,":[215],"it":[216,236,318,333],"demonstrates":[217],"framework's":[219,239],"utility":[220],"bridging":[222],"gap":[224],"pedagogical":[226],"tools":[227],"methods.":[234,359],"Secondly,":[235],"highlights":[237],"potential":[240],"providing":[242],"structured":[244],"approach":[245],"undertaking":[247],"is":[251],"essential":[252],"given":[253],"field's":[255],"diverse":[256],"methodologies":[257],"paradigms.":[259],"However,":[260],"remains":[264],"guide":[266],"enhancing":[268,303],"throughout":[273],"all":[274,322],"phases":[277],"but":[278],"by":[279],"no":[280],"means":[281],"measure":[283],"Conclusion:":[286],"conclusion,":[288],"accompanying":[294],"evaluative":[295],"represent":[297],"significant":[298],"steps":[299],"toward":[300],"standardizing":[301],"particularly":[309],"early":[314],"career":[315],"researchers.":[316],"While":[317],"does":[319],"not":[320],"solve":[321],"associated":[324],"obtaining":[326],"provides":[334],"valuable":[336],"ensuring":[341],"quality,":[343],"thereby":[344],"addressing":[345],"some":[346],"longstanding":[349],"criticisms":[350],"quality":[353],"obtained":[356]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
