{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414527918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","title":"Fluorescent marker prediction for non-invasive optical imaging in bovine satellite cells using deep learning","display_name":"Fluorescent marker prediction for non-invasive optical imaging in bovine satellite cells using deep learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414527918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41079552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sania Sinha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sania Sinha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114338176","display_name":"Aarham Wasit","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarham Wasit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114339749","display_name":"Won Seob Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won Seob Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015635588","display_name":"Jongkyoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-5762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongkyoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088786300","display_name":"Jiyoon Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4323-3125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiyoon Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088786300"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"apc_paid":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1745627,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1577027","last_page":"1577027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5964999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5828999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5652999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pearson-product-moment-correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient","score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3490999937057495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.792900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6347000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5964999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5828999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5652999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55078378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136628","display_name":"Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57477423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434196","display_name":"Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy","level":3,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179687394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826281","display_name":"Autofluorescence","level":3,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139489369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770846","display_name":"Structural similarity","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10551718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227332","display_name":"Data pre-processing","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41079552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41079552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff727fcc920b4ae1bc0f524397ee7099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff727fcc920b4ae1bc0f524397ee7099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 8 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11318931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12511074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2025.1577027/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310016","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332431","display_name":"College of Engineering, Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414527918.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414527918.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W275896340","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2029914169","https://openalex.org/W2099474155","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2157446958","https://openalex.org/W2159269332","https://openalex.org/W2346062110","https://openalex.org/W2506398495","https://openalex.org/W2753415590","https://openalex.org/W2797749376","https://openalex.org/W2875244012","https://openalex.org/W2946901414","https://openalex.org/W2949493305","https://openalex.org/W3100599519","https://openalex.org/W3119113183","https://openalex.org/W3126352514","https://openalex.org/W3135345798","https://openalex.org/W3150581040","https://openalex.org/W3161494350","https://openalex.org/W4205705866","https://openalex.org/W4223997639","https://openalex.org/W4224249650","https://openalex.org/W4282568721","https://openalex.org/W4295312788","https://openalex.org/W4372235458","https://openalex.org/W4379056951","https://openalex.org/W4380788139","https://openalex.org/W4385740881","https://openalex.org/W4386554835","https://openalex.org/W4390421984"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Assessing":[0],"the":[1,54,108,113,119,128,150,184,187,193,201,222],"quality":[2,212],"of":[3,44,186,195,203,225],"bovine":[4],"satellite":[5],"cells":[6],"(BSCs)":[7],"is":[8],"vital":[9],"for":[10,32,73,210],"advancing":[11],"tissue":[12,215],"engineered":[13],"muscle":[14],"constructs":[15],"with":[16],"applications":[17],"in":[18,214,232],"sustainable":[19],"protein":[20],"research.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"study,":[24],"we":[25],"present":[26],"a":[27,48],"non-invasive":[28,207],"deep":[29],"learning":[30,227],"approach":[31],"optical":[33,208],"imaging":[34,209],"that":[35],"predicts":[36,60],"fluorescent":[37,63,84],"markers":[38],"directly":[39],"from":[40,131,137,144,154,161],"brightfield":[41],"microscopy":[42],"images":[43],"BSC":[45],"cultures.":[46],"Using":[47],"convolutional":[49],"neural":[50],"network":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53],"U-Net":[55],"architecture,":[56],"our":[57],"method":[58],"simultaneously":[59],"two":[61],"key":[62],"signals,":[64],"specifically":[65],"DAPI":[66],"and":[67,76,93,118,135,158,180,199,228,234],"Pax7,":[68,149],"which":[69],"serve":[70],"as":[71,107],"biomarkers":[72],"cell":[74],"abundance":[75],"differentiation":[77],"status.":[78],"An":[79],"image":[80,181],"preprocessing":[81,198],"pipeline":[82],"featuring":[83],"signal":[85],"denoising":[86,126],"was":[87,101],"implemented":[88],"to":[89,133,139,146,156,163,205,221],"enhance":[90],"prediction":[91],"performance":[92],"consistency.":[94],"A":[95],"dataset":[96],"comprising":[97],"48":[98],"biological":[99,171,233],"replicates":[100],"evaluated":[102],"using":[103],"statistical":[104],"metrics":[105],"such":[106],"Pearson":[109,129,151],"r":[110,130,152],"(correlation":[111],"coefficient),":[112],"mean":[114],"squared":[115],"error":[116],"(MSE),":[117],"structural":[120],"similarity":[121],"Index":[122],"(SSIM).":[123],"For":[124,148],"DAPI,":[125],"improved":[127,183],"0.065":[132],"0.212":[134],"SSIM":[136,166],"0.047":[138],"0.761":[140],"(with":[141],"MSE":[142,159],"increasing":[143],"9.507":[145],"41.571).":[147],"increased":[153],"0.020":[155],"0.124":[157],"decreased":[160],"44.753":[162],"18.793,":[164],"while":[165],"remained":[167],"low,":[168],"reflecting":[169],"inherent":[170],"heterogeneity.":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"enhanced":[174],"visualization":[175],"techniques,":[176],"including":[177],"color":[178],"mapping":[179],"overlay,":[182],"interpretability":[185],"predicted":[188],"outputs.":[189],"These":[190],"findings":[191],"underscore":[192],"importance":[194],"optimized":[196],"data":[197],"demonstrate":[200],"potential":[202],"AI":[204],"advance":[206],"cellular":[211],"assessment":[213],"biology.":[216],"This":[217],"work":[218],"also":[219],"contributes":[220],"broader":[223],"integration":[224],"machine":[226],"computer":[229],"vision":[230],"methods":[231],"agricultural":[235],"applications.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
