{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402068104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","title":"Machine learning-based analysis of Ebola virus' impact on gene expression in nonhuman primates","display_name":"Machine learning-based analysis of Ebola virus' impact on gene expression in nonhuman primates","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402068104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39282474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029163871","display_name":"Mostafa Rezapour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-118X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Rezapour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034159054","display_name":"Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100718134","display_name":"Hao L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6094-458X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055970298","display_name":"Aarthi Narayanan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4889-4416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarthi Narayanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077316017","display_name":"Metin N. G\u00fcrcan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2421-8229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Metin Nafi Gurcan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029163871"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"],"apc_list":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"apc_paid":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"fwci":3.213,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92615183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1405332","last_page":"1405332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11581","display_name":"Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research","score":0.8745999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11581","display_name":"Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research","score":0.8745999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.018699999898672104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ebola-virus","display_name":"Ebola virus","score":0.8216192722320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.527216911315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.5204260945320129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.5087698101997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.4703013300895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.4296184182167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus","display_name":"Virus","score":0.37519371509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.22663116455078125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777469322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8064876","display_name":"Ebola virus","level":3,"score":0.8216192722320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.527216911315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.5204260945320129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5087698101997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.4703013300895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4296184182167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.37519371509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.22663116455078125}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39282474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39282474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11392916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11392916","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11392916/pdf/frai-07-1405332.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Artif Intell","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:514c924380774477b15e0e7938a603be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/514c924380774477b15e0e7938a603be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 7 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1405332/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G885081884","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HDTRA 12310003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","funder_display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332186","display_name":"Defense Threat Reduction Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04tz64554"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402068104.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W1846605417","https://openalex.org/W2016381774","https://openalex.org/W2051227636","https://openalex.org/W2105423509","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2114104545","https://openalex.org/W2124676763","https://openalex.org/W2135639412","https://openalex.org/W2179438025","https://openalex.org/W2183659962","https://openalex.org/W2325584080","https://openalex.org/W2336451601","https://openalex.org/W2463406266","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2511907102","https://openalex.org/W2606681775","https://openalex.org/W2613027753","https://openalex.org/W2625889480","https://openalex.org/W2746006953","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2794684329","https://openalex.org/W2804802143","https://openalex.org/W2892210799","https://openalex.org/W2952443114","https://openalex.org/W3145071003","https://openalex.org/W3175752499","https://openalex.org/W4206897401","https://openalex.org/W4313556400","https://openalex.org/W4367320271","https://openalex.org/W4386532416","https://openalex.org/W4388871065"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902340288","https://openalex.org/W4313427099","https://openalex.org/W2159899613","https://openalex.org/W1556380706","https://openalex.org/W3204533495","https://openalex.org/W2803323662","https://openalex.org/W3032874291","https://openalex.org/W2005057264","https://openalex.org/W2363156284","https://openalex.org/W2415025170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"This":[1,212],"study":[2,213],"introduces":[3],"the":[4,39,84,103,124,150,162,184,187,203,221,227],"Supervised":[5],"Magnitude-Altitude":[6],"Scoring":[7],"(SMAS)":[8],"methodology,":[9],"a":[10,52],"novel":[11],"machine":[12],"learning-based":[13],"approach":[14],"for":[15,46,201,233],"analyzing":[16],"gene":[17,57,67],"expression":[18,58,75],"data":[19],"from":[20,60],"non-human":[21],"primates":[22],"(NHPs)":[23],"infected":[24],"with":[25,117],"Ebola":[26,47,133,179,234],"virus":[27],"(EBOV).":[28],"By":[29],"focusing":[30],"on":[31,70],"host-pathogen":[32],"interactions,":[33],"this":[34],"research":[35],"aims":[36],"to":[37,102,153,225],"enhance":[38,226],"understanding":[40],"and":[41,74,92,107,120,140,171,195,208,231,235],"identification":[42,104],"of":[43,55,99,105,132,164,186,205,223,229],"critical":[44,168],"biomarkers":[45],"infection.":[48,134],"Methods:":[49],"We":[50],"utilized":[51],"comprehensive":[53],"dataset":[54],"NanoString":[56],"profiles":[59],"Ebola-infected":[61],"NHPs.":[62],"The":[63,97],"SMAS":[64,100,188,224],"system":[65],"combines":[66],"selection":[68],"based":[69],"both":[71],"statistical":[72],"significance":[73,177],"changes.":[76],"Employing":[77],"linear":[78],"classifiers":[79],"such":[80],"as":[81,109],"logistic":[82],"regression,":[83],"method":[85],"facilitates":[86],"precise":[87],"differentiation":[88],"between":[89],"RT-qPCR":[90],"positive":[91],"negative":[93],"NHP":[94],"samples.":[95],"Results:":[96],"application":[98],"led":[101],"IFI6":[106],"IFI27":[108],"key":[110],"biomarkers,":[111],"which":[112,198],"demonstrated":[113],"perfect":[114],"predictive":[115],"performance":[116],"100%":[118],"accuracy":[119],"optimal":[121],"Area":[122],"Under":[123],"Curve":[125],"(AUC)":[126],"metrics":[127],"in":[128,149,167,178,190],"classifying":[129],"various":[130],"stages":[131],"Additionally,":[135],"genes":[136,166],"including":[137],"MX1,":[138],"OAS1,":[139],"ISG15":[141],"were":[142],"significantly":[143],"upregulated,":[144],"underscoring":[145],"their":[146,176],"vital":[147],"roles":[148],"immune":[151,172],"response":[152,173,196],"EBOV.":[154],"Discussion:":[155],"Gene":[156],"Ontology":[157],"(GO)":[158],"analysis":[159],"further":[160],"elucidated":[161],"involvement":[163],"these":[165],"biological":[169],"processes":[170],"pathways,":[174],"reinforcing":[175],"pathogenesis.":[180],"Our":[181],"findings":[182],"highlight":[183],"efficacy":[185],"methodology":[189],"revealing":[191],"complex":[192],"genetic":[193],"interactions":[194],"mechanisms,":[197],"are":[199],"essential":[200],"advancing":[202],"development":[204],"diagnostic":[206],"tools":[207],"therapeutic":[209],"strategies.":[210],"Conclusion:":[211],"provides":[214],"valuable":[215],"insights":[216],"into":[217],"EBOV":[218],"pathogenesis,":[219],"demonstrating":[220],"potential":[222],"precision":[228],"diagnostics":[230],"interventions":[232],"other":[236],"viral":[237],"infections.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T08:27:34.040176","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
