{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4322773104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","title":"Bone age assessment based on deep neural networks with annotation-free cascaded critical bone region extraction","display_name":"Bone age assessment based on deep neural networks with annotation-free cascaded critical bone region extraction","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4322773104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36937708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085270230","display_name":"Zhangyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-069X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340740","display_name":"Wang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-3575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102860313","display_name":"Yang Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-963X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100454363","display_name":"Yong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-2693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004069991","display_name":"Zhengjun Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengjun Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461518","display_name":"Xinwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-9366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062972235","display_name":"Yuhao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-0230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062972235","https://openalex.org/A5100461518"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"],"apc_list":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"apc_paid":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"fwci":32.8741,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99663221,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1142895","last_page":"1142895"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12296","display_name":"Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-age","display_name":"Bone age","score":0.770688533782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7671858072280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6568500399589539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6389514207839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6128770709037781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5370427966117859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5314150452613831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.5123003721237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4226500689983368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3759841024875641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.22168323397636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.08517968654632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89551170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1777274","display_name":"Bone age","level":2,"score":0.770688533782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7671858072280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6568500399589539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6389514207839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6128770709037781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5370427966117859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5314150452613831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.5123003721237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4226500689983368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3759841024875641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22168323397636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.08517968654632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36937708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36937708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10017763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10017763","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10017763/pdf/frai-06-1142895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Artif Intell","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:14ba778c333a4480bd9c7c25cf9c85e7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/14ba778c333a4480bd9c7c25cf9c85e7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 6 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frai.2023.1142895/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2080136458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2021jcyj","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2082826544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Postdoctoral","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2104653401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3239092656","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3244115114","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4351542054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021X","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5373000002","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021XM3028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326161","funder_display_name":"Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Special Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5616129943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022MD713691","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5830261330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"jcyj-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G695691055","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2020jcyj","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7437907865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8595075397","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62106032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321550","display_name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05w9erc61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326161","display_name":"Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Special Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4322773104.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975572110","https://openalex.org/W1989831107","https://openalex.org/W2113834326","https://openalex.org/W2162206900","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2323929895","https://openalex.org/W2546410677","https://openalex.org/W2656599720","https://openalex.org/W2766766852","https://openalex.org/W2888570268","https://openalex.org/W2896437445","https://openalex.org/W2903408278","https://openalex.org/W2906819621","https://openalex.org/W2909877466","https://openalex.org/W2918321871","https://openalex.org/W2952975261","https://openalex.org/W2971013993","https://openalex.org/W2971291634","https://openalex.org/W2979871943","https://openalex.org/W3009813469","https://openalex.org/W3014795415","https://openalex.org/W3018513917","https://openalex.org/W3088551258","https://openalex.org/W3100676321","https://openalex.org/W3116157532","https://openalex.org/W3124860842","https://openalex.org/W3134026679","https://openalex.org/W3155713827","https://openalex.org/W4200096016","https://openalex.org/W4200268060","https://openalex.org/W4200360771","https://openalex.org/W4253131545","https://openalex.org/W6686164453","https://openalex.org/W6728184133","https://openalex.org/W6753412334","https://openalex.org/W6758081359","https://openalex.org/W6784910987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2729514902","https://openalex.org/W2024160000","https://openalex.org/W2773500201","https://openalex.org/W4380075502","https://openalex.org/W2061273563","https://openalex.org/W4287995534","https://openalex.org/W2743258233","https://openalex.org/W2285052147","https://openalex.org/W2998168123","https://openalex.org/W1972656095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bone":[0],"age":[1,57,129,172],"assessment":[2,26],"(BAA)":[3],"from":[4],"hand":[5],"radiographs":[6],"is":[7],"crucial":[8],"for":[9,51,108],"diagnosing":[10],"endocrinology":[11],"disorders":[12],"in":[13,85,154],"adolescents":[14],"and":[15,41,58,125,141,201],"supplying":[16],"therapeutic":[17],"investigation.":[18],"In":[19,97],"practice,":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,156],"the":[23,31,38,52,91,133,149,161,169,179,192],"conventional":[24],"clinical":[25,92],"being":[27],"a":[28,102,118,126,183],"subjective":[29],"estimation,":[30],"accuracy":[32],"of":[33,55,76,94,117,188,197],"BAA":[34,109],"relies":[35],"highly":[36],"on":[37,191,204],"pediatrician's":[39],"professionalism":[40],"experience.":[42],"Recently,":[43],"many":[44],"deep":[45,105],"learning":[46,106],"methods":[47,64],"have":[48],"been":[49],"proposed":[50,180],"automatic":[53],"estimation":[54,130,173],"bone":[56,78,121,128,136,146,164,171],"had":[59],"good":[60],"results.":[61],"However,":[62],"these":[63,95],"do":[65],"not":[66],"exploit":[67],"sufficient":[68],"discriminative":[69,145],"information":[70],"or":[71],"require":[72],"additional":[73],"manual":[74,112],"annotations":[75],"critical":[77,120,135,163],"regions":[79,147,165],"that":[80,178],"are":[81,166],"important":[82],"biological":[83],"identifiers":[84],"skeletal":[86],"maturity,":[87],"which":[88,115],"may":[89],"restrict":[90],"application":[93],"approaches.":[96],"this":[98],"research,":[99],"we":[100],"propose":[101],"novel":[103],"two-stage":[104],"method":[107,181],"without":[110],"any":[111],"region":[113,122,137],"annotation,":[114],"consists":[116],"cascaded":[119,134],"extraction":[123,138],"network":[124,139],"gender-assisted":[127,170],"network.":[131,174],"First,":[132],"automatically":[140],"sequentially":[142],"locates":[143],"two":[144],"<i>via</i>":[148],"visual":[150],"heat":[151],"maps.":[152],"Second,":[153],"order":[155],"obtain":[157],"an":[158],"accurate":[159],"BAA,":[160],"extracted":[162],"fed":[167],"into":[168],"The":[175],"results":[176],"showed":[177],"achieved":[182],"mean":[184],"absolute":[185],"error":[186],"(MAE)":[187],"5.45":[189],"months":[190,203],"public":[193],"dataset":[194],"Radiological":[195],"Society":[196],"North":[198],"America":[199],"(RSNA)":[200],"3.34":[202],"our":[205],"private":[206],"dataset.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}