{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367853723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","title":"Assistance level quantification-based human-robot interaction space reshaping for rehabilitation training","display_name":"Assistance level quantification-based human-robot interaction space reshaping for rehabilitation training","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367853723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37205055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091901193","display_name":"Xiangyun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-4639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800091995","display_name":"West China Medical Center of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/040nggs60","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I2800091995"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800091995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625029","display_name":"Lu Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8041-7791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338429","display_name":"Peng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-3655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101176852","display_name":"Shan Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034749314","display_name":"Xi Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-1680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052234397","display_name":"Hongchen He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-022X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongchen He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100456986","display_name":"Kang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-9816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800091995","display_name":"West China Medical Center of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/040nggs60","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I2800091995"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800091995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052234397","https://openalex.org/A5100338429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761","https://openalex.org/I4800084"],"apc_list":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"apc_paid":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"fwci":0.9906,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75782106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1161007","last_page":"1161007"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation","display_name":"Rehabilitation","score":0.7817526459693909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.6369913220405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6232799291610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5942638516426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.537537157535553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","score":0.5281707644462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4685070812702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.45520830154418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.44506263732910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activities-of-daily-living","display_name":"Activities of daily living","score":0.4270954430103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3714227080345154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3145413398742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy","display_name":"Physical therapy","score":0.2963769733905792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0942678451538086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.7817526459693909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.6369913220405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6232799291610718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5942638516426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.537537157535553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.5281707644462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4685070812702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.45520830154418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.44506263732910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79544238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423243","display_name":"Activities of daily living","level":2,"score":0.4270954430103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3714227080345154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3145413398742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2963769733905792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0942678451538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37205055","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37205055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in neurorobotics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10185799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10185799","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10185799/pdf/fnbot-17-1161007.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Neurorobot","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:af0e33e2aa57464380045dcd9889ca75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/af0e33e2aa57464380045dcd9889ca75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics, Vol 17 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbot.2023.1161007/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115606517","display_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","issn_l":"1662-5218","issn":["1662-5218"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1240080039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62103291","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1320608103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYJC21081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","funder_display_name":"Sichuan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2824963163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYYC21004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336042","funder_display_name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4378281861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYYC21004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","funder_display_name":"Sichuan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5106411525","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYJC21081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336042","funder_display_name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336042","display_name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4367853723.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109910418","https://openalex.org/W1546821492","https://openalex.org/W1689711448","https://openalex.org/W1964684581","https://openalex.org/W1966901439","https://openalex.org/W2039670355","https://openalex.org/W2051822397","https://openalex.org/W2053857768","https://openalex.org/W2086604372","https://openalex.org/W2092060192","https://openalex.org/W2100975989","https://openalex.org/W2102000567","https://openalex.org/W2110367281","https://openalex.org/W2130873978","https://openalex.org/W2327521517","https://openalex.org/W2421101485","https://openalex.org/W2490084223","https://openalex.org/W2580792129","https://openalex.org/W2589402595","https://openalex.org/W2736688345","https://openalex.org/W2776637626","https://openalex.org/W2792115404","https://openalex.org/W2801030736","https://openalex.org/W2913025062","https://openalex.org/W2918004658","https://openalex.org/W2948836927","https://openalex.org/W2966907001","https://openalex.org/W2973989950","https://openalex.org/W3036573275","https://openalex.org/W3045672284","https://openalex.org/W3090391465","https://openalex.org/W3110315120","https://openalex.org/W3118421394","https://openalex.org/W3131937811","https://openalex.org/W3174349150","https://openalex.org/W3181898599","https://openalex.org/W3190122749","https://openalex.org/W3191243377","https://openalex.org/W4200107673","https://openalex.org/W4220758684","https://openalex.org/W4280582182","https://openalex.org/W6604582611","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789522126","https://openalex.org/W2071210425","https://openalex.org/W2066693961","https://openalex.org/W2368363778","https://openalex.org/W122584421","https://openalex.org/W4244295168","https://openalex.org/W2753351751","https://openalex.org/W3185180338","https://openalex.org/W2889348933","https://openalex.org/W2395852131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stroke":[0],"has":[1,65],"become":[2],"a":[3,83,119,144,200],"major":[4],"disease":[5],"that":[6,205],"seriously":[7],"threatens":[8],"human":[9,73],"health":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,99,130,221],"its":[13],"high":[14],"incidence":[15],"and":[16,57,80,123,140,143,157,160,166,170,180,196,217],"disability":[17],"rates.":[18],"Most":[19],"patients":[20,136,216],"undergo":[21],"upper":[22,183,225],"limb":[23,184,226],"motor":[24,133],"dysfunction":[25],"after":[26],"stroke,":[27],"which":[28,176],"significantly":[29],"impairs":[30],"the":[31,55,58,61,93,132,167,178,181,189,207,212,215,219],"ability":[32,134],"of":[33,39,96,135,155,214],"stroke":[34,49],"survivors":[35],"in":[36,54,67,75,192,223],"their":[37],"activities":[38],"daily":[40],"living":[41],"(ADL).":[42],"Robots":[43],"provide":[44],"an":[45,124],"optional":[46],"solution":[47],"for":[48,109,147],"rehabilitation":[50,62,81,111,185,208,227],"by":[51,210],"attending":[52],"therapy":[53],"hospital":[56],"community,":[59],"however,":[60],"robot":[63],"still":[64],"difficulty":[66],"providing":[68],"needed":[69],"assistance":[70,202],"interactively":[71],"like":[72],"clinicians":[74],"conventional":[76],"therapy.":[77],"For":[78],"safe":[79,182],"training,":[82],"human-robot":[84,190],"interaction":[85,148,191],"space":[86,149],"reshaping":[87],"method":[88],"was":[89,151],"proposed":[90],"based":[91],"on":[92],"recovery":[94,101],"states":[95],"patients.":[97],"According":[98],"different":[100,193],"states,":[102],"we":[103,198],"designed":[104],"seven":[105],"experimental":[106],"protocols":[107],"suitable":[108],"distinguishing":[110],"training":[112,194],"sessions.":[113],"To":[114,187],"achieve":[115],"assist-as-needed":[116],"(AAN)":[117],"control,":[118],"PSO-SVM":[120],"classification":[121],"model":[122,127],"LSTM-KF":[125],"regression":[126],"were":[128,164,174],"introduced":[129],"recognize":[131],"with":[137],"electromyography":[138],"(EMG)":[139],"kinematic":[141],"data,":[142],"region":[145],"controller":[146],"shaping":[150],"studied.":[152],"Ten":[153],"groups":[154],"offline":[156],"online":[158],"experiments":[159],"corresponding":[161],"data":[162],"processing":[163],"conducted,":[165],"machine":[168],"learning":[169],"AAN":[171],"control":[172],"results":[173],"presented,":[175],"ensured":[177],"effective":[179],"training.":[186,228],"discuss":[188],"stages":[195],"sessions,":[197],"defined":[199],"quantified":[201],"level":[203],"index":[204],"characterizes":[206],"needs":[209],"considering":[211],"engagement":[213],"had":[218],"potential":[220],"apply":[222],"clinical":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}