{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416789053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","title":"Akshar Mitra: a multimodal integrated framework for early dyslexia detection","display_name":"Akshar Mitra: a multimodal integrated framework for early dyslexia detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416789053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41395631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061659486","display_name":"Vibha Tiwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191366470","display_name":"ITM University","ror":"https://ror.org/004pc5924","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["IN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vibha Tiwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115514454","display_name":"Ocean Agarwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191366470","display_name":"ITM University","ror":"https://ror.org/004pc5924","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["IN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ocean Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101366845","display_name":"Manya Sharma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191366470","display_name":"ITM University","ror":"https://ror.org/004pc5924","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manya Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002419538","display_name":"Ravi Sahu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-8005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191366470","display_name":"ITM University","ror":"https://ror.org/004pc5924","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashi Sahu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120570255","display_name":"Radhika Babar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191366470","display_name":"ITM University","ror":"https://ror.org/004pc5924","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radhika Babar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Internet of Things, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Internet of Things, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Gwalior, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191366470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076954366","display_name":"Rebakah Geddam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-2048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092074","display_name":"Gujarat Institute of Development Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00e261632","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074"]}],"countries":["IN","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebakah Geddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","Unitedworld Institute of Technology, Karnavati University, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unitedworld Institute of Technology, Karnavati University, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020522482","display_name":"Muhammad Awais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-6796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334819555","display_name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrq0923","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334819555"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Awais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334819555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063962763","display_name":"Hemant Ghayvat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2487-0866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hemant Ghayvat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Faculty of Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063962763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":3.9786,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94304467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1726307","last_page":"1726307"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12070","display_name":"Writing and Handwriting Education","score":0.10350000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dyslexia","display_name":"Dyslexia","score":0.8091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluency","display_name":"Fluency","score":0.5364999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixation","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","score":0.5091000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.3628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506058694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132971","display_name":"Dyslexia","level":3,"score":0.8091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.576200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276013","display_name":"Fluency","level":2,"score":0.5364999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146249460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914991","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5091000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70587473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834111","display_name":"Transformative learning","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2556000053882599}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41395631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41395631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in digital health","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:lnu-145009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-145009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401598","display_name":"DiVA (Linnaeus University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","host_organization_name":"Linnaeus University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8b189aefb788474f820655d672dec35b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8b189aefb788474f820655d672dec35b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health, Vol 7 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12699383","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12699383/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Digit Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1726307/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5110314844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 CA008748","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416789053.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65090406","https://openalex.org/W1968091519","https://openalex.org/W1999929836","https://openalex.org/W2036543705","https://openalex.org/W2044604876","https://openalex.org/W2047421381","https://openalex.org/W2551833533","https://openalex.org/W2601986130","https://openalex.org/W2608651006","https://openalex.org/W3168188606","https://openalex.org/W4379034069","https://openalex.org/W4385595328","https://openalex.org/W4400316486","https://openalex.org/W4403716408","https://openalex.org/W4404486684","https://openalex.org/W4411507074"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developmental":[0],"dyslexia":[1,66,188],"is":[2,87],"a":[3,52,57,130,140,146,158,172,181,194],"prevalent":[4],"neurobiological":[5],"disorder":[6],"affecting":[7],"10%-15%":[8],"of":[9,21,73],"children":[10],"globally,":[11],"yet":[12],"it":[13],"remains":[14],"largely":[15],"undiagnosed":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,144,165,184],"the":[19,41,71,152,186],"inaccessibility":[20],"conventional":[22],"assessments":[23],"in":[24],"resource-limited":[25],"settings.":[26],"Existing":[27],"screening":[28],"methods":[29],"are":[30,127,137],"further":[31],"constrained":[32],"by":[33,139],"their":[34],"reliance":[35],"on":[36],"unimodal":[37],"data":[38,132],"streams":[39],"and":[40,64,83,96,105,169,175,203],"need":[42],"for":[43,62,94,102,109,197],"large,":[44],"clinically-labeled":[45],"datasets.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"presents":[49],"Akshar":[50],"Mitra,":[51],"Multimodal":[53],"Integrated":[54],"Framework":[55],"(MMF),":[56],"novel":[58],"computational":[59],"methodology":[60],"designed":[61],"accessible":[63],"early":[65,201],"screening.":[67],"The":[68,191],"framework":[69],"pioneers":[70],"integration":[72],"three":[74,90],"low-cost,":[75],"high-yield":[76],"digital":[77],"biomarkers":[78],"derived":[79],"from":[80],"eye-tracking,":[81],"speech,":[82],"handwriting":[84,110],"analysis.The":[85],"MMF":[86,192],"implemented":[88],"through":[89],"modules:":[91],"webcam-based":[92],"eye-tracking":[93],"fixation":[95,120],"saccadic":[97],"analysis,":[98],"automated":[99],"speech":[100],"assessment":[101],"fluency":[103],"metrics,":[104],"optical":[106],"character":[107,124],"recognition":[108],"error":[111],"detection.":[112],"Each":[113],"module":[114],"extracts":[115],"4-6":[116],"interpretable":[117],"features":[118],"(e.g.,":[119],"regressions,":[121],"word-error":[122],"rate,":[123],"reversals)":[125],"that":[126],"standardized":[128],"via":[129],"shared":[131],"schema.":[133],"These":[134],"objective":[135],"measures":[136],"augmented":[138],"concise":[141],"behavioral":[142],"questionnaire":[143],"generate":[145],"holistic":[147],"risk":[148],"profile.":[149],"Beyond":[150],"screening,":[151,199],"system":[153],"incorporates":[154],"support":[155],"tools,":[156],"including":[157],"dyslexia-friendly":[159],"reading":[160],"interface":[161],"with":[162],"syllable-level":[163],"highlighting,":[164],"foster":[166],"user":[167],"engagement":[168],"confidence.By":[170],"creating":[171],"scalable,":[173],"language-agnostic,":[174],"explainable":[176],"system,":[177],"this":[178],"work":[179],"offers":[180],"viable":[182],"pathway":[183],"bridge":[185],"global":[187],"diagnostic":[189],"gap.":[190],"provides":[193],"transformative":[195],"tool":[196],"proactive":[198],"facilitating":[200],"intervention":[202],"improving":[204],"educational":[205],"outcomes.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}