{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417103215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","title":"Design and development of an mHealth application for pressure ulcer care and caregiver support","display_name":"Design and development of an mHealth application for pressure ulcer care and caregiver support","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417103215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41438477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113713112","display_name":"Shreenidhi Jogi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4883-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreenidhi Jogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040607777","display_name":"Vishal Shanbhag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-6148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76414455","display_name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal","ror":"https://ror.org/05hg48t65","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishal Shanbhag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lakshay Chauhan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshay Chauhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120752867","display_name":"Siddhartha Chhauda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddhartha Chhauda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120718626","display_name":"Utkarsh Dubey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utkarsh Dubey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040659585","display_name":"K. B. Ajitha Shenoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3995-1826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ajitha K. B. Shenoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031431721","display_name":"Elsa Sanatombi Devi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0738-8912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elsa Sanatombi Devi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031431721","https://openalex.org/A5040659585"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":6.6665,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9668321,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1694486","last_page":"1694486"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11670","display_name":"Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management","score":0.9329000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11670","display_name":"Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management","score":0.9329000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhealth","display_name":"mHealth","score":0.6815000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-aids","display_name":"Decision aids","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-system","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-care","display_name":"Wound care","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-practice","display_name":"Clinical Practice","score":0.33160001039505005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7876999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779363104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069079","display_name":"mHealth","level":3,"score":0.6815000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780033181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24962805","display_name":"Decision aids","level":3,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993807428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25324087","display_name":"Wound care","level":2,"score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.3619000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020001037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assessment","level":3,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989179672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6806500","display_name":"Clinical decision making","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780433410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276090","display_name":"Digital health","level":3,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41438477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41438477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in digital health","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12719485","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12719485/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Digit Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1694486/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417103215.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417103215.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1447263624","https://openalex.org/W2116099919","https://openalex.org/W2415928823","https://openalex.org/W2527910541","https://openalex.org/W2792364539","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2971877400","https://openalex.org/W3022269869","https://openalex.org/W3127726773","https://openalex.org/W3169538287","https://openalex.org/W3171873561","https://openalex.org/W3196407926","https://openalex.org/W4226024179","https://openalex.org/W4255829766","https://openalex.org/W4285308839","https://openalex.org/W4286711419","https://openalex.org/W4296822442","https://openalex.org/W4367189201","https://openalex.org/W4386141962","https://openalex.org/W4398224451","https://openalex.org/W4400523488","https://openalex.org/W4401585899","https://openalex.org/W4406284863","https://openalex.org/W4407638076","https://openalex.org/W4407755778"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Smartphone":[1],"accessibility":[2],"has":[3],"enabled":[4],"the":[5,184,241,253],"widespread":[6],"use":[7],"of":[8,93,159,165,170,255],"mobile":[9,17,42],"health":[10,14,43],"applications":[11],"for":[12,177,187,195],"managing":[13],"conditions.":[15],"While":[16],"technology":[18],"is":[19],"increasingly":[20],"adopted":[21],"globally,":[22],"integrated":[23],"digital":[24],"solutions":[25],"specifically":[26],"supporting":[27],"home-based":[28,256],"pressure":[29,56,94,188,257],"ulcer":[30,57,95,189,258],"care":[31],"remain":[32],"limited.":[33],"This":[34,215],"study":[35,238],"aimed":[36],"to":[37,68,251],"design":[38],"and":[39,64,71,77,103,111,119,129,145,161,174,208,223,232,249],"develop":[40],"a":[41,89,115,136,146,192],"(mHealth)":[44],"application":[45,51,201],"named":[46],"IPI":[47],"(Interprofessional":[48],"Pressure":[49],"Injury)":[50],"that":[52],"integrates":[53],"artificial":[54],"intelligence-based":[55],"staging,":[58],"caregiver-focused":[59],"education,":[60],"personalized":[61],"nutritional":[62],"support,":[63],"visual":[65],"wound":[66,230],"monitoring":[67],"assist":[69],"caregivers":[70],"healthcare":[72],"professionals":[73],"in":[74,212,229],"delivering":[75],"timely":[76],"effective":[78],"care.":[79],"Methods:":[80],"A":[81,235],"comprehensive":[82],"deep":[83],"learning":[84],"framework":[85],"was":[86],"developed":[87],"using":[88],"clinically":[90],"validated":[91],"dataset":[92],"images":[96],"spanning":[97],"six":[98],"categories,":[99],"including":[100],"healthy":[101],"tissue":[102],"Stage":[104,171],"1-4":[105],"ulcers.":[106],"To":[107],"address":[108],"class":[109],"imbalance":[110],"subtle":[112],"inter-class":[113],"variability,":[114],"class-adaptive":[116],"augmentation":[117],"pipeline":[118],"an":[120,157],"enhanced":[121],"Vision":[122],"Transformer":[123],"architecture":[124],"with":[125,167],"hierarchical":[126],"feature":[127],"representation":[128],"specialized":[130],"self-attention":[131],"were":[132],"implemented.":[133],"Training":[134],"employed":[135],"stratified":[137],"5-fold":[138],"cross-validation,":[139],"class-balanced":[140],"focal":[141],"loss,":[142],"regularization":[143],"techniques,":[144],"two-tiered":[147],"ensemble":[148,154],"strategy.":[149],"Results:":[150],"The":[151,200],"proposed":[152],"k-fold":[153],"model":[155],"achieved":[156],"accuracy":[158],"0.9705":[160],"macro":[162],"F1":[163],"score":[164],"0.9695,":[166],"perfect":[168],"classification":[169],"4":[172],"ulcers":[173],"substantial":[175],"improvements":[176],"underrepresented":[178],"classes.":[179],"Discussion:":[180],"These":[181],"results":[182],"demonstrate":[183],"model's":[185],"effectiveness":[186],"classification,":[190],"offering":[191],"robust":[193],"foundation":[194],"real-time":[196],"clinical":[197,243],"decision":[198],"support.":[199],"supports":[202],"remote":[203],"monitoring,":[204],"healing":[205],"status":[206],"detection,":[207],"educational":[209],"access,":[210],"especially":[211],"resource-limited":[213],"settings.":[214],"holistic":[216],"solution":[217],"not":[218],"only":[219],"enhances":[220],"caregiver":[221],"confidence":[222],"independence":[224],"but":[225],"also":[226],"aids":[227],"clinicians":[228],"assessment":[231],"intervention":[233],"planning.":[234],"future":[236],"experimental":[237],"will":[239],"validate":[240],"app's":[242],"utility,":[244],"impact":[245],"on":[246],"patient":[247],"outcomes,":[248],"potential":[250],"improve":[252],"quality":[254],"management.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-12-08T00:00:00"}
