{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400997915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","title":"Deconstructing demographic bias in speech-based machine learning models for digital health","display_name":"Deconstructing demographic bias in speech-based machine learning models for digital health","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400997915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39119589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089528074","display_name":"Michael Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-3510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111269241","display_name":"Abd-Allah El-Attar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58152225","display_name":"Texas A&M University at Qatar","ror":"https://ror.org/03vb4dm14","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abd-Allah El-Attar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University Qatar, Al Rayyan, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University Qatar, Al Rayyan, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58152225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029799530","display_name":"Theodora Chaspari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7603-8633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Theodora Chaspari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cognitive Science & Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cognitive Science & Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029799530"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"apc_paid":{"value":1900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1900},"fwci":3.7205,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93402911,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1351637","last_page":"1351637"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.15219999849796295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.05380000174045563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.7863332629203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"Race (biology)","score":0.5371891260147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5356473922729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47709307074546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"Mental health","score":0.4733574390411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4689115285873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.40359026193618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1601291298866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1346161663532257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12893813848495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.09227797389030457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.7863332629203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5371891260147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5356473922729492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47709307074546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.4733574390411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4689115285873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40359026193618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1601291298866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1346161663532257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12893813848495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09227797389030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39119589","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39119589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in digital health","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11306200","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11306200","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11306200/pdf/fdgth-06-1351637.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Digit Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b5ef66b8740471d9a19f2af8eabf741","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b5ef66b8740471d9a19f2af8eabf741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health, Vol 6 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1351637/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170686","display_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","issn_l":"2673-253X","issn":["2673-253X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Digital Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400997915.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400997915.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116420172","https://openalex.org/W1982976845","https://openalex.org/W1988008186","https://openalex.org/W1992613896","https://openalex.org/W1997728372","https://openalex.org/W2003502731","https://openalex.org/W2018096495","https://openalex.org/W2023014053","https://openalex.org/W2025113055","https://openalex.org/W2037808904","https://openalex.org/W2042494711","https://openalex.org/W2056962346","https://openalex.org/W2057393928","https://openalex.org/W2058424313","https://openalex.org/W2061068689","https://openalex.org/W2063458962","https://openalex.org/W2087197939","https://openalex.org/W2103011877","https://openalex.org/W2116984840","https://openalex.org/W2144723972","https://openalex.org/W2155980578","https://openalex.org/W2239141610","https://openalex.org/W2295127282","https://openalex.org/W2418872436","https://openalex.org/W2507022695","https://openalex.org/W2580613877","https://openalex.org/W2609632515","https://openalex.org/W2897315441","https://openalex.org/W2915988983","https://openalex.org/W2952944656","https://openalex.org/W2973202817","https://openalex.org/W2981869278","https://openalex.org/W2989710241","https://openalex.org/W2990768863","https://openalex.org/W3000558625","https://openalex.org/W3010611814","https://openalex.org/W3089745382","https://openalex.org/W3115712866","https://openalex.org/W3152856173","https://openalex.org/W3181414820","https://openalex.org/W3190246043","https://openalex.org/W4220839569","https://openalex.org/W4293393965","https://openalex.org/W4298427402","https://openalex.org/W4308232848","https://openalex.org/W4311026115","https://openalex.org/W4383737824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Machine":[1],"learning":[2],"(ML)":[3],"algorithms":[4,37,64],"have":[5,38],"been":[6,40],"heralded":[7],"as":[8,98,100,127,206,208],"promising":[9],"solutions":[10],"to":[11,21,24,84,110,140,169,183,247],"the":[12,81,86,102,116,120,128,133,142,145,152,166,180,191,220,227,244,253,260,279],"realization":[13],"of":[14,78,123,144,177,193,274,278],"assistive":[15],"systems":[16],"in":[17,61,80,101,136,163,186,197,219,226,232,267,287],"digital":[18,288],"healthcare,":[19],"due":[20],"their":[22,48],"ability":[23,246],"detect":[25,66],"fine-grain":[26],"patterns":[27],"that":[28,65,118,271],"are":[29,119,161,223,241,272],"not":[30],"easily":[31],"perceived":[32],"by":[33],"humans.":[34],"Yet,":[35],"ML":[36,63,103,129,210,228,233,269],"also":[39],"critiqued":[41],"for":[42,252,262],"treating":[43],"individuals":[44],"differently":[45],"based":[46],"on":[47],"demography,":[49],"thus":[50],"propagating":[51],"existing":[52,112],"disparities.":[53],"This":[54,73],"paper":[55,74,106],"explores":[56],"gender":[57,170,184],"and":[58,68,95,131,155,171,179,201,264,281],"race":[59,172],"bias":[60,79,113,173,185],"speech-based":[62],"behavioral":[67,154],"mental":[69,156],"health":[70,157],"outcomes.":[71],"Methods:":[72],"examines":[75,108],"potential":[76],"sources":[77],"data":[82,280],"used":[83],"train":[85],"ML,":[87],"encompassing":[88],"acoustic":[89,199],"features":[90,117,200],"extracted":[91],"from":[92],"speech":[93],"signals":[94],"associated":[96],"labels,":[97],"well":[99,207],"decisions.":[104,229],"The":[105,214],"further":[107],"approaches":[109],"reduce":[111],"via":[114],"using":[115],"least":[121],"informative":[122],"one's":[124],"demographic":[125,146,204,236],"information":[126,147,150],"input,":[130],"transforming":[132],"feature":[134],"space":[135,222],"an":[137],"adversarial":[138],"manner":[139],"diminish":[141],"evidence":[143],"while":[148],"retaining":[149],"about":[151],"focal":[153],"state.":[158],"Results:":[159],"Results":[160],"presented":[162],"two":[164],"domains,":[165],"first":[167],"pertaining":[168,182],"when":[174],"estimating":[175],"levels":[176],"anxiety,":[178],"second":[181],"detecting":[187],"depression.":[188],"Findings":[189],"indicate":[190],"presence":[192],"statistically":[194,215],"significant":[195,216],"differences":[196,217],"both":[198],"labels":[202],"among":[203,212],"groups,":[205],"differential":[209],"performance":[211,234],"groups.":[213,255],"present":[218],"label":[221],"partially":[224],"preserved":[225],"Although":[230],"variations":[231],"across":[235,284],"groups":[237],"were":[238],"noted,":[239],"results":[240],"mixed":[242],"regarding":[243],"models'":[245],"accurately":[248],"estimate":[249],"healthcare":[250,289],"outcomes":[251],"sensitive":[254],"Discussion:":[256],"These":[257],"findings":[258],"underscore":[259],"necessity":[261],"careful":[263],"thoughtful":[265],"design":[266],"developing":[268],"models":[270],"capable":[273],"maintaining":[275],"crucial":[276],"aspects":[277],"perform":[282],"effectively":[283],"all":[285],"populations":[286],"applications.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
