{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389226062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","title":"TEE-Graph: efficient privacy and ownership protection for cloud-based graph spectral analysis","display_name":"TEE-Graph: efficient privacy and ownership protection for cloud-based graph spectral analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389226062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38107765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201220","display_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","issn_l":"2624-909X","issn":["2624-909X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104173405","display_name":"A K M Mubashwir Alam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102461120","display_name":"Marquette University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. M. Mubashwir Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["TAIC Lab, Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TAIC Lab, Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002572745","display_name":"Keke Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9996-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102461120","display_name":"Marquette University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keke Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["TAIC Lab, Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TAIC Lab, Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002572745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"],"apc_list":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"apc_paid":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"fwci":0.3964,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69680417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1296469","last_page":"1296469"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.321399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.321399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.1979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.03889999911189079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5775802731513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5382127165794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5026144981384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.4591180682182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42559242248535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4028320610523224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3556164503097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2836695909500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08889028429985046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5775802731513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5382127165794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5026144981384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.4591180682182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42559242248535156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4028320610523224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3556164503097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2836695909500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08889028429985046}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201220","display_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","issn_l":"2624-909X","issn":["2624-909X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38107765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38107765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in big data","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10724017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10724017","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10724017/pdf/fdata-06-1296469.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Big Data","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e1a59fc79fce42bb89378e4a3c7e439f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e1a59fc79fce42bb89378e4a3c7e439f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Big Data, Vol 6 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/big-data/articles/10.3389/fdata.2023.1296469/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201220","display_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","issn_l":"2624-909X","issn":["2624-909X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5362151202","display_name":"CICI: UCSS: Confidential Computing in Reproducible Collaborative Workflows","funder_award_id":"2232824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389226062.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95608104","https://openalex.org/W204323566","https://openalex.org/W396542372","https://openalex.org/W1569778844","https://openalex.org/W1664413462","https://openalex.org/W1966731635","https://openalex.org/W1977843657","https://openalex.org/W2004915866","https://openalex.org/W2013823004","https://openalex.org/W2061949491","https://openalex.org/W2085761620","https://openalex.org/W2116810533","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2119948977","https://openalex.org/W2125493559","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2150620897","https://openalex.org/W2165874743","https://openalex.org/W2166837162","https://openalex.org/W2178828050","https://openalex.org/W2217748804","https://openalex.org/W2313114995","https://openalex.org/W2432978112","https://openalex.org/W2604861932","https://openalex.org/W2606774910","https://openalex.org/W2701059868","https://openalex.org/W2742225091","https://openalex.org/W2766587611","https://openalex.org/W2766652420","https://openalex.org/W2782264121","https://openalex.org/W2788385473","https://openalex.org/W2793957616","https://openalex.org/W2809641286","https://openalex.org/W2886689407","https://openalex.org/W2888798936","https://openalex.org/W2911978475","https://openalex.org/W2969206228","https://openalex.org/W2978662361","https://openalex.org/W2981150963","https://openalex.org/W2982401473","https://openalex.org/W3012623189","https://openalex.org/W3015844221","https://openalex.org/W3031749496","https://openalex.org/W3049637327","https://openalex.org/W3114128329","https://openalex.org/W3117066972","https://openalex.org/W3122422767","https://openalex.org/W3151309405","https://openalex.org/W4231164953","https://openalex.org/W4288057723","https://openalex.org/W4289038676","https://openalex.org/W4292023222","https://openalex.org/W4308641861","https://openalex.org/W4318624558","https://openalex.org/W4387005633","https://openalex.org/W6629429546","https://openalex.org/W6637116351","https://openalex.org/W6651608069","https://openalex.org/W6652279216","https://openalex.org/W6658616617","https://openalex.org/W6677829731","https://openalex.org/W6679763910","https://openalex.org/W6680874277","https://openalex.org/W6684578312","https://openalex.org/W6684804247","https://openalex.org/W6685719288","https://openalex.org/W6688800661","https://openalex.org/W6712237015","https://openalex.org/W6713145895","https://openalex.org/W6718865826","https://openalex.org/W6734345789","https://openalex.org/W6735697342","https://openalex.org/W6742396582","https://openalex.org/W6747919883","https://openalex.org/W6748960622","https://openalex.org/W6764028332","https://openalex.org/W6775327868","https://openalex.org/W6948067646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953707841","https://openalex.org/W1496791764","https://openalex.org/W4318485713","https://openalex.org/W4225340788","https://openalex.org/W2740319091","https://openalex.org/W1409448914","https://openalex.org/W1979950616","https://openalex.org/W2134579514","https://openalex.org/W33899462","https://openalex.org/W2612595270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Big":[1],"graphs":[2,77,166],"like":[3],"social":[4],"network":[5],"user":[6],"interactions":[7],"and":[8,28,40,51,158,167,179,206,220,247],"customer":[9],"rating":[10],"matrices":[11],"require":[12],"significant":[13],"computing":[14,29,93],"resources":[15,25],"to":[16,107,120,239],"maintain.":[17],"Data":[18],"owners":[19],"are":[20,82],"now":[21],"using":[22],"public":[23],"cloud":[24,172],"for":[26,71,131,162],"storage":[27],"elasticity.":[30],"However,":[31],"existing":[32,108],"solutions":[33,94],"do":[34],"not":[35,230],"fully":[36],"address":[37],"the":[38,45,52,79,116,127,155,159,183,193,217],"privacy":[39,124],"ownership":[41,219,246],"protection":[42,139,186],"needs":[43],"of":[44,75,129,192],"key":[46],"involved":[47],"parties:":[48],"data":[49,53,57,144],"contributors":[50],"owner":[54],"who":[55],"collects":[56],"from":[58,170],"contributors.":[59],"Methods:":[60],"We":[61],"propose":[62],"a":[63,141],"Trusted":[64],"Execution":[65],"Environment":[66],"(TEE)":[67],"based":[68],"solution:":[69],"TEE-Graph":[70,202],"graph":[72,110,226,241],"spectral":[73],"analysis":[74,111,153],"outsourced":[76],"in":[78],"cloud.":[80],"TEEs":[81],"new":[83,123],"CPU":[84],"features":[85],"that":[86,201,223],"can":[87,236],"enable":[88],"much":[89],"more":[90],"efficient":[91,137],"confidential":[92,109],"than":[95,210],"traditional":[96],"software-based":[97],"cryptographic":[98],"ones.":[99],"Our":[100,198],"approach":[101,235],"has":[102,207],"several":[103],"unique":[104,117,218],"contributions":[105],"compared":[106],"approaches.":[112,213],"(1)":[113],"It":[114,135,214],"utilizes":[115],"TEE":[118],"properties":[119],"ensure":[121],"contributors'":[122],"needs,":[125],"e.g.,":[126],"right":[128],"revocation":[130],"shared":[132],"data.":[133],"(2)":[134],"implements":[136,150],"access-pattern":[138,185,221,248],"with":[140,244],"differentially":[142],"private":[143],"encoding":[145],"method.":[146],"And":[147],"(3)":[148],"it":[149],"TEE-based":[151],"special":[152],"algorithms:":[154],"Lanczos":[156],"method":[157,161,187],"Nystrom":[160],"efficiently":[163],"handling":[164],"big":[165],"protecting":[168],"confidentiality":[169],"compromised":[171],"providers.":[173],"Results:":[174],"times":[175],"lower":[176,208],"computation,":[177],"storage,":[178],"communication":[180],"costs.":[181],"Furthermore,":[182],"proposed":[184,234],"incurs":[188],"only":[189],"about":[190],"10%-25%":[191],"overall":[194],"computation":[195],"cost.":[196],"Discussion:":[197],"experimentation":[199],"showed":[200],"performs":[203],"significantly":[204],"better":[205],"costs":[209],"typical":[211],"software":[212],"also":[215],"addresses":[216],"issues":[222],"other":[224,240],"TEE-related":[225],"analytics":[227,242],"approaches":[228],"have":[229],"sufficiently":[231],"studied.":[232],"The":[233],"be":[237],"extended":[238],"problems":[243],"strong":[245],"protection.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-18T07:39:51.176621","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}