{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133560571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","title":"Exploring the formation of learning burnout among college students in AI context: a serial mediation mechanism of AI dependence and addiction based on I-PACE model","display_name":"Exploring the formation of learning burnout among college students in AI context: a serial mediation mechanism of AI dependence and addiction based on I-PACE model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133560571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/computer-science/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211086","display_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","issn_l":"2624-9898","issn":["2624-9898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/computer-science/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123204253","display_name":"Yanling Lan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanling Lan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123312349","display_name":"Sihang Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353513","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0652-3297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Film Television and Communication, Xiamen University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"],"apc_list":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"apc_paid":{"value":1150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1150},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24665976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13585","display_name":"Technostress in Professional Settings","score":0.18639999628067017,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13585","display_name":"Technostress in Professional Settings","score":0.18639999628067017,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.12939999997615814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10168","display_name":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","score":0.05550000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"Mediation","score":0.8195000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/addiction","display_name":"Addiction","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burnout","display_name":"Burnout","score":0.5827000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affordance","display_name":"Affordance","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.8195000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7993999719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143916079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2629248","display_name":"Burnout","level":2,"score":0.5827000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018459673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544146","display_name":"Smartphone addiction","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778799817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681134","display_name":"Addictive behavior","level":3,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/computer-science/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211086","display_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","issn_l":"2624-9898","issn":["2624-9898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df018a30e59944ec8ec20ae64ed8dc83","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df018a30e59944ec8ec20ae64ed8dc83","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science, Vol 8 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441","pdf_url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/computer-science/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2026.1756441/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211086","display_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","issn_l":"2624-9898","issn":["2624-9898"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4857780635356903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7133560571.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7133560571.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":115,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1204404493","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1964596829","https://openalex.org/W1987258130","https://openalex.org/W2046221609","https://openalex.org/W2072500831","https://openalex.org/W2095131939","https://openalex.org/W2102409484","https://openalex.org/W2109642229","https://openalex.org/W2113281452","https://openalex.org/W2128734027","https://openalex.org/W2132432664","https://openalex.org/W2151132174","https://openalex.org/W2153266420","https://openalex.org/W2156702515","https://openalex.org/W2396826584","https://openalex.org/W2488757378","https://openalex.org/W2517793972","https://openalex.org/W2595367318","https://openalex.org/W2625774310","https://openalex.org/W2903718590","https://openalex.org/W2938342480","https://openalex.org/W2953836153","https://openalex.org/W2967961340","https://openalex.org/W2991230093","https://openalex.org/W3003923640","https://openalex.org/W3016498080","https://openalex.org/W3024823887","https://openalex.org/W3118643042","https://openalex.org/W3125449341","https://openalex.org/W3126683221","https://openalex.org/W3153269848","https://openalex.org/W3162292190","https://openalex.org/W3171440915","https://openalex.org/W3172559768","https://openalex.org/W3182427878","https://openalex.org/W3211557573","https://openalex.org/W4210542665","https://openalex.org/W4214643205","https://openalex.org/W4243906228","https://openalex.org/W4281659113","https://openalex.org/W4283028392","https://openalex.org/W4296100598","https://openalex.org/W4311885565","https://openalex.org/W4312051216","https://openalex.org/W4312179235","https://openalex.org/W4312394728","https://openalex.org/W4312598869","https://openalex.org/W4315649642","https://openalex.org/W4321094424","https://openalex.org/W4322494770","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4324046518","https://openalex.org/W4327978335","https://openalex.org/W4362554096","https://openalex.org/W4375951402","https://openalex.org/W4379284826","https://openalex.org/W4385702876","https://openalex.org/W4386634193","https://openalex.org/W4386830688","https://openalex.org/W4386913016","https://openalex.org/W4388633422","https://openalex.org/W4388833810","https://openalex.org/W4388833841","https://openalex.org/W4389392913","https://openalex.org/W4390667862","https://openalex.org/W4390901909","https://openalex.org/W4391041997","https://openalex.org/W4392371667","https://openalex.org/W4392714531","https://openalex.org/W4392757147","https://openalex.org/W4392881512","https://openalex.org/W4393237824","https://openalex.org/W4393498838","https://openalex.org/W4394015168","https://openalex.org/W4394875731","https://openalex.org/W4398243313","https://openalex.org/W4399790131","https://openalex.org/W4400231824","https://openalex.org/W4400620285","https://openalex.org/W4401343395","https://openalex.org/W4401650423","https://openalex.org/W4401888072","https://openalex.org/W4401966855","https://openalex.org/W4402285049","https://openalex.org/W4402613506","https://openalex.org/W4403430763","https://openalex.org/W4403976817","https://openalex.org/W4404324313","https://openalex.org/W4405090435","https://openalex.org/W4405211386","https://openalex.org/W4406026056","https://openalex.org/W4406731199","https://openalex.org/W4407119867","https://openalex.org/W4407122749","https://openalex.org/W4407142103","https://openalex.org/W4407614581","https://openalex.org/W4407637219","https://openalex.org/W4408288478","https://openalex.org/W4409089900","https://openalex.org/W4409411453","https://openalex.org/W4410519395","https://openalex.org/W4411209761","https://openalex.org/W4411556999","https://openalex.org/W4411577513","https://openalex.org/W4412491266","https://openalex.org/W4412563868","https://openalex.org/W4412676575","https://openalex.org/W4413009865","https://openalex.org/W4413029926","https://openalex.org/W4413857949","https://openalex.org/W4413940370","https://openalex.org/W4414576883","https://openalex.org/W4414668428","https://openalex.org/W4414731467"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"The":[1,83,126],"rapid":[2],"evolution":[3],"of":[4,88,156,239,254,277],"artificial":[5],"intelligence":[6],"(AI)":[7],"has":[8],"transformed":[9],"higher":[10,232],"education":[11],"by":[12],"providing":[13],"unprecedented":[14],"support":[15],"for":[16,265],"AI-assisted":[17,223],"learning.":[18],"Despite":[19],"these":[20],"benefits,":[21],"increasing":[22],"concerns":[23],"have":[24],"emerged":[25],"regarding":[26],"students\u2019":[27],"dependency":[28],"on":[29,42],"and":[30,65,98,105,112,118,134,138,144,150,166,178,216,243,262,270],"addiction":[31,152,168],"to":[32,38,53,114,219,231,246],"AI":[33,61,63,94,96,142,145,148,151,164,167,190,241,268],"technologies,":[34],"which":[35,208],"may":[36,211],"contribute":[37,218],"learning":[39,66,99,157,179,186,220,256,272],"burnout.":[40,100,158,180],"Drawing":[41],"the":[43,55,123,171,196,228,234,237,252,275],"I-PACE":[44,229],"framework,":[45],"this":[46],"study":[47,84,202],"proposes":[48],"a":[49,204],"serial":[50,119,198],"mediation":[51,106,120,160],"model":[52,230],"examine":[54],"psychological":[56,205],"pathways":[57],"linking":[58],"technological":[59,209],"affordances,":[60],"dependence,":[62,95],"addiction,":[64,97],"burnout":[67,187],"among":[68,78,122],"college":[69,81],"students.":[70,82],"Methods":[71],"A":[72],"cross-sectional":[73],"questionnaire":[74],"survey":[75],"was":[76],"conducted":[77],"412":[79],"Chinese":[80],"measured":[85],"perceived":[86,92,130,135,174,176],"usefulness":[87],"AI,":[89],"inert":[90,132,183],"thinking,":[91,133],"enjoyment,":[93,177],"Structural":[101],"equation":[102],"modeling":[103],"(SEM)":[104],"analyses":[107],"were":[108,153],"performed":[109],"using":[110],"SmartPLS":[111],"SPSS":[113],"test":[115],"direct,":[116],"mediating,":[117],"relationships":[121,172],"variables.":[124],"Results":[125],"findings":[127,235],"indicated":[128],"that":[129,163],"usefulness,":[131,175],"enjoyment":[136],"significantly":[137],"positively":[139],"predicted":[140],"both":[141],"dependence":[143,149,165,191],"addiction.":[146],"Furthermore,":[147],"significant":[154],"predictors":[155],"Serial":[159],"analysis":[161],"revealed":[162],"jointly":[169],"mediated":[170],"between":[173],"In":[181],"contrast,":[182],"thinking":[184],"influenced":[185],"indirectly":[188],"through":[189,195,207],"alone":[192],"rather":[193],"than":[194],"full":[197],"pathway.":[199],"Discussion":[200],"This":[201],"elucidates":[203],"mechanism":[206],"affordances":[210],"evolve":[212],"into":[213],"dependency-related":[214],"behaviors":[215],"subsequently":[217],"fatigue":[221],"in":[222,274],"educational":[224],"contexts.":[225],"By":[226],"extending":[227],"education,":[233],"highlight":[236],"importance":[238],"fostering":[240],"literacy":[242],"self-regulatory":[244],"capacities":[245],"mitigate":[247],"AI-related":[248],"risks":[249],"while":[250],"preserving":[251],"benefits":[253],"intelligent":[255,278],"environments.":[257],"These":[258],"insights":[259],"provide":[260],"theoretical":[261],"practical":[263],"implications":[264],"promoting":[266],"healthy":[267],"use":[269],"sustainable":[271],"experiences":[273],"era":[276],"education.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2026-03-05T00:00:00"}