{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7082981990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","title":"The Research on Low-Light Autonomous Driving Object Detection Method","display_name":"The Research on Low-Light Autonomous Driving Object Detection Method","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7082981990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191605","display_name":"Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print)","issn_l":"1546-2218","issn":["1546-2218","1546-2226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Materials & Continua","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianhua Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhiwei Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwei Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Changling Huo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changling Huo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an Technological University, Xi\u2019an, 710021, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4486,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9228851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12509","display_name":"Corporate Insolvency and Governance","score":0.35850000381469727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12509","display_name":"Corporate Insolvency and Governance","score":0.35850000381469727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11662","display_name":"Legal Cases and Commentary","score":0.0414000004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13713","display_name":"Diverse Perspectives in Modern Studies","score":0.021800000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6717000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5138999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.48590001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.3978999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3433000147342682}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7322999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6717000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6593000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6585000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5138999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.48590001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.3978999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3433000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778915421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3643177","display_name":"Performance improvement","level":2,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191605","display_name":"Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print)","issn_l":"1546-2218","issn":["1546-2218","1546-2226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Materials & Continua","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.068442","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191605","display_name":"Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print)","issn_l":"1546-2218","issn":["1546-2218","1546-2226"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers, Materials & Continua","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aiming":[0],"at":[1],"the":[2,16,32,45,50,54,58,61,64,85,90,110,115,127,130,150,157,160,165,187,204],"scale":[3],"adaptation":[4],"of":[5,53,60,89,159,192,207],"automatic":[6,27],"driving":[7,28],"target":[8,19,94],"detection":[9,29,208],"algorithms":[10],"in":[11,18,138,143],"low":[12],"illumination":[13],"environments":[14],"and":[15,48,76,87,101,122,145,181,223],"shortcomings":[17],"occlusion":[20,121],"processing,":[21],"this":[22,193],"paper":[23],"proposes":[24],"a":[25,72,135,140],"YOLO-LKSDS":[26,132],"model.":[30],"Firstly,":[31],"Contrast-Limited":[33],"Adaptive":[34],"Histogram":[35],"Equalisation":[36],"(CLAHE)":[37],"image":[38,46],"enhancement":[39],"algorithm":[40,67,112,195],"is":[41,68,81,107,196],"improved":[42,82,98,131,161],"to":[43,70,83,113,155],"increase":[44],"contrast":[47],"enhance":[49,84],"detailed":[51],"features":[52],"target;":[55],"then,":[56],"on":[57,149,186],"basis":[59],"YOLOv5":[62],"model,":[63,129],"Kmeans++":[65],"clustering":[66],"introduced":[69],"obtain":[71],"suitable":[73],"anchor":[74],"frame,":[75],"SPPELAN":[77],"spatial":[78],"pyramid":[79],"pooling":[80],"accuracy":[86,174],"robustness":[88],"model":[91,133],"for":[92,168],"multi-scale":[93],"detection.":[95],"Finally,":[96],"an":[97,199],"SEAM":[99],"(Separated":[100],"Enhancement":[102],"Attention":[103],"Module)":[104],"attention":[105],"mechanism":[106],"combined":[108],"with":[109,120,126],"DIOU-NMS":[111],"optimize":[114],"model\u2019s":[116],"performance":[117],"when":[118],"dealing":[119],"dense":[123],"scenes.":[124],"Compared":[125],"original":[128],"achieves":[134],"13.3%":[136],"improvement":[137,142],"accuracy,":[139],"1.7%":[141],"mAP,":[144],"240,000":[146],"fewer":[147],"parameters":[148],"BDD100K":[151],"dataset.":[152,189],"In":[153],"order":[154],"validate":[156],"generalization":[158],"algorithm,":[162],"we":[163],"selected":[164],"KITTI":[166,188],"dataset":[167],"experimentation,":[169],"which":[170],"shows":[171],"that":[172],"YOLOv5\u2019s":[173],"improves":[175],"by":[176,179,183,198],"21.1%,":[177],"recall":[178],"36.6%,":[180],"mAP50":[182],"29.5%,":[184],"respectively,":[185],"The":[190],"deployment":[191],"paper\u2019s":[194],"verified":[197],"edge":[200],"computing":[201],"platform,":[202],"where":[203],"average":[205],"speed":[206],"reaches":[209],"24.4":[210],"FPS":[211],"while":[212],"power":[213],"consumption":[214],"remains":[215],"below":[216],"9":[217],"W,":[218],"demonstrating":[219],"high":[220],"real-time":[221],"capability":[222],"energy":[224],"efficiency.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T08:27:34.040176","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}