{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2768894388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/sw-170288","title":"Literally better: Analyzing and improving the quality of literals","display_name":"Literally better: Analyzing and improving the quality of literals","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2768894388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/sw-170288","mag":"2768894388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/sw-170288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/sw-170288","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/semantic-web/sw288?id=semantic-web%2Fsw288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177235","display_name":"Semantic Web","issn_l":"1570-0844","issn":["1570-0844","2210-4968"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Semantic Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/semantic-web/sw288?id=semantic-web%2Fsw288","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001599602","display_name":"Wouter van Beek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-9655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wouter Beek","raw_affiliation_strings":["VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008608420","display_name":"Filip Ilievski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filip Ilievski","raw_affiliation_strings":["VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057747620","display_name":"Jeremy Debattista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-8936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Debattista","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Germany. E-mail:\u00a0debattis@iai.uni-bonn.de"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bonn & Fraunhofer IAIS, Germany. E-mail:\u00a0debattis@iai.uni-bonn.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075365612","display_name":"Stefan Schlobach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3282-1597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Schlobach","raw_affiliation_strings":["VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052365388","display_name":"Jan Wielemaker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-5673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Wielemaker","raw_affiliation_strings":["VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mails:\u00a0w.g.j.beek@vu.nl,\u00a0f.ilievski@vu.nl,\u00a0k.s.schlobach@vu.nl,\u00a0j.wielemaker@vu.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001599602"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6576,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88392236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"131","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5702880620956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48450371623039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.14124414324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11190277338027954}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5702880620956421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48450371623039246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.14124414324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11190277338027954}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/sw-170288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/sw-170288","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/semantic-web/sw288?id=semantic-web%2Fsw288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177235","display_name":"Semantic Web","issn_l":"1570-0844","issn":["1570-0844","2210-4968"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Semantic Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cwi.nl:28528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.cwi.nl/pub/28528","pdf_url":"https://ir.cwi.nl/pub/28528/28528.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055335","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), the national research institute for mathematics and computer science in the Netherlands","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Semantic Web \u2013 Interoperability, Usability, Applicability vol. 9 no. 1, pp. 131-150","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-582111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-582111.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IAIS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/261978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/261978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/7fcc8392-689e-4c6f-8bc5-c8ae55eb89a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85037706022&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400546","display_name":"Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Beek, W, Ilievski, F, Debattista, J, Schlobach, S & Wielemaker, J 2018, 'Literally better: Analyzing and improving the quality of literals', Semantic Web, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 131-150. https://doi.org/10.3233/SW-170288","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:vu:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/7fcc8392-689e-4c6f-8bc5-c8ae55eb89a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/7fcc8392-689e-4c6f-8bc5-c8ae55eb89a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Semantic Web, 9(1), 131 - 150. IOS Press","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/sw-170288","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/sw-170288","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/semantic-web/sw288?id=semantic-web%2Fsw288","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177235","display_name":"Semantic Web","issn_l":"1570-0844","issn":["1570-0844","2210-4968"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Semantic Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2768894388.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2768894388.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23305702","https://openalex.org/W31535402","https://openalex.org/W114869232","https://openalex.org/W178136164","https://openalex.org/W1812636409","https://openalex.org/W1862651205","https://openalex.org/W1973653891","https://openalex.org/W1985737714","https://openalex.org/W1999348851","https://openalex.org/W2014077556","https://openalex.org/W2063102808","https://openalex.org/W2076618134","https://openalex.org/W2086895219","https://openalex.org/W2156677278","https://openalex.org/W2191246356","https://openalex.org/W2341275508","https://openalex.org/W2464189226","https://openalex.org/W2615447451","https://openalex.org/W2963607721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655","https://openalex.org/W2359140296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quality":[0],"is":[1,33],"a":[2,38,74,98,103,111],"complicated":[3],"and":[4,27,45,61,84,87,142,173],"multifarious":[5],"topic":[6],"in":[7,17,41,110,127,170],"contemporary":[8],"Linked":[9],"Data":[10],"research.":[11],"The":[12],"aspect":[13],"of":[14,31,48,95,105,118,159],"literal":[15],"quality":[16,30,94,106,148],"particular":[18,125],"has":[19],"not":[20,146],"yet":[21],"been":[22],"rigorously":[23],"studied.":[24],"Nevertheless,":[25],"analyzing":[26],"improving":[28],"the":[29,49,64,69,79,93,116,129],"literals":[32,36,53,96],"important":[34],"since":[35],"form":[37],"substantial":[39],"(one":[40],"seven":[42],"statement":[43],"s)":[44],"crucial":[46],"part":[47],"Semantic":[50],"Web.":[51],"Specifically,":[52],"allow":[54],"infinite":[55],"value":[56,140],"spaces":[57],"to":[58,68,91,166],"be":[59,134,151,164],"expressed":[60],"they":[62],"provide":[63],"linguistic":[65],"entry":[66],"point":[67],"LOD":[70,80,131],"Cloud.":[71],"We":[72,114],"present":[73],"toolchain":[75],"that":[76,88,162],"builds":[77],"on":[78,97],"Laundromat":[81],"data":[82],"cleaning":[83],"republishing":[85],"infrastructure":[86],"allows":[89],"us":[90],"analyze":[92],"very":[99],"large":[100],"scale,":[101],"using":[102],"collection":[104],"criteria":[107],"we":[108,154],"specify":[109],"systematic":[112],"way.":[113],"illustrate":[115],"viability":[117],"our":[119],"approach":[120],"by":[121,137],"lifting":[122],"out":[123],"two":[124],"aspects":[126,149],"which":[128],"current":[130],"Cloud":[132],"can":[133,150,163],"immediately":[135],"improved":[136],"automated":[138],"means:":[139],"canonization":[141],"language":[143],"tagging.":[144],"Since":[145],"all":[147],"addressed":[152],"algorithmically,":[153],"also":[155],"give":[156],"an":[157],"overview":[158],"other":[160],"problems":[161],"used":[165],"guide":[167],"future":[168],"endeavors":[169],"tooling,":[171],"training,":[172],"best":[174],"practice":[175],"formulation.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-08T08:50:53.379069","created_date":"2017-12-04T00:00:00"}