{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413052257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","title":"An Electrocardiogram Multi-Task Benchmark with Comprehensive Evaluations and Insightful Findings","display_name":"An Electrocardiogram Multi-Task Benchmark with Comprehensive Evaluations and Insightful Findings","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413052257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40776054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti251036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087467271","display_name":"You Lin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1460-082X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Emory University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091774355","display_name":"Jiaying Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-6951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaying Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Data Science, School of Nursing, Emory University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Data Science, School of Nursing, Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057275545","display_name":"Sirui Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5827-8214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sirui Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041549115","display_name":"Defu Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0240-3818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Defu Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101551591","display_name":"Xiao Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9478-5571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Data Science, School of Nursing, Emory University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Data Science, School of Nursing, Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006897094","display_name":"Carl Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-4531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Emory University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42719261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"329","issue":null,"first_page":"1235","last_page":"1240"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.21070000529289246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.21070000529289246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.8223308324813843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7053067088127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6866030097007751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42164647579193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3368406593799591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3275451958179474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3251795768737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09477826952934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.07336461544036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.07042065262794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.052713632583618164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.8223308324813843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7053067088127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6866030097007751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42164647579193115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3368406593799591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3275451958179474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3251795768737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09477826952934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.07336461544036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.07042065262794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.052713632583618164}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti251036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:40776054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40776054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti251036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti251036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2121910908","https://openalex.org/W915438175","https://openalex.org/W4230315250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,36,85,96,164],"process":[2],"of":[3,81,142,168],"patient":[4],"diagnosis,":[5],"non-invasive":[6,23],"measurements":[7],"are":[8,154,183],"widely":[9],"used":[10,30],"due":[11],"to":[12,25,31,46,94],"their":[13,145],"low":[14],"risks":[15],"and":[16,58,66,152,166,178],"quick":[17],"results.":[18,160],"Electrocardiogram":[19],"(ECG),":[20],"as":[21],"a":[22,44,79,138],"method":[24],"collect":[26],"heart":[27],"activities,":[28],"is":[29,43,78],"diagnose":[32],"cardiac":[33],"conditions.":[34],"Analyzing":[35],"ECG":[37,104,116,134,148],"typically":[38],"requires":[39],"domain":[40,68],"expertise,":[41],"which":[42],"roadblock":[45],"applying":[47],"artificial":[48],"intelligence":[49],"(AI)":[50],"for":[51,103,180],"healthcare.":[52],"Through":[53],"advances":[54],"in":[55,119,147,171],"self-supervised":[56],"learning":[57,124],"foundation":[59,86,117,135,169],"models,":[60],"AI":[61],"systems":[62],"can":[63],"now":[64],"acquire":[65],"leverage":[67],"knowledge":[69],"without":[70],"relying":[71],"solely":[72],"on":[73,89],"human":[74],"expertise.":[75],"However,":[76],"there":[77],"lack":[80],"comprehensive":[82,158],"analyses":[83,151],"over":[84],"models'":[87],"performance":[88,140],"ECG.":[90],"This":[91,161],"study":[92,162],"aims":[93],"answer":[95],"research":[97],"question:":[98],"\"Are":[99],"Foundation":[100],"Models":[101],"Useful":[102],"Analysis?\"":[105],"To":[106],"address":[107],"it,":[108],"we":[109],"evaluate":[110],"language":[111],"/":[112,115,133],"general":[113,131],"time-series":[114,122,132],"models":[118,136,170],"comparison":[120],"with":[121,157],"deep":[123],"models.":[125],"The":[126,176],"experimental":[127,159],"results":[128],"show":[129],"that":[130],"achieve":[137],"top":[139],"rate":[141],"80%,":[143],"indicating":[144],"effectiveness":[146],"analysis.":[149,175],"In-depth":[150],"insights":[153],"provided":[155],"along":[156],"highlights":[163],"limitations":[165],"potential":[167],"advancing":[172],"physiological":[173],"waveform":[174],"code":[177],"data":[179],"this":[181],"benchmark":[182],"publicly":[184],"available":[185],"at":[186],"https://github.com/yuhaoxu99/ECGMultitasks-Benchmark.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
