{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410447940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti250470","title":"Assessing the Potential of an LLM-Powered System for Enhancing FHIR Resource Validation","display_name":"Assessing the Potential of an LLM-Powered System for Enhancing FHIR Resource Validation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410447940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti250470","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40380578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti250470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti250470","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI250470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI250470","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024428863","display_name":"Parinaz Tabari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-8711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parinaz Tabari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-8711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001037597","display_name":"Alfonso Piscitelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-1504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfonso Piscitelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-1504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036621965","display_name":"Gennaro Costagliola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-7765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gennaro Costagliola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-7765","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080808790","display_name":"Mattia De Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-5529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia de Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-5529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1984,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96547945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"327","issue":null,"first_page":"803","last_page":"807"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validator","display_name":"Validator","score":0.8558120131492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8022089004516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.6855595707893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/json","display_name":"JSON","score":0.6740498542785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5639213919639587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5182230472564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5004663467407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.41195547580718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16779249906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16550499200820923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35292069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1575458","display_name":"Validator","level":2,"score":0.8558120131492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8022089004516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.6855595707893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780416260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063","display_name":"JSON","level":2,"score":0.6740498542785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5639213919639587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5182230472564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5004663467407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41195547580718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16779249906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16550499200820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti250470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti250470","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI250470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:40380578","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40380578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti250470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti250470","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI250470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321781","display_name":"Ministero della Salute","ror":"https://ror.org/00789fa95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410447940.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410447940.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318683744","https://openalex.org/W2753132265","https://openalex.org/W2910132097","https://openalex.org/W4234766820","https://openalex.org/W4321232174","https://openalex.org/W3117520771","https://openalex.org/W2482048793","https://openalex.org/W4375842390","https://openalex.org/W4388027365","https://openalex.org/W3088950643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Language":[1],"Models":[2],"(LLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"gained":[5],"significant":[6],"popularity":[7],"among":[8],"healthcare":[9],"professionals":[10],"as":[11],"tools":[12],"for":[13,116],"AI-driven":[14],"interactions.":[15],"These":[16],"models":[17],"can":[18,51],"analyze":[19],"large":[20],"volumes":[21],"of":[22,43,55,83,109,131],"clinical":[23],"data,":[24],"including":[25],"patient":[26],"narratives,":[27],"to":[28,38,87,99,121],"assist":[29],"in":[30],"efficient":[31],"decision-making.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"we":[36],"aim":[37],"evaluate":[39],"how":[40],"the":[41,53,81,84,88,96,100,117,122,128,135,152,163],"use":[42],"a":[44,74],"syntactic":[45,89,110],"validator":[46,75],"combined":[47],"with":[48,142,155,167],"an":[49],"LLM":[50,85],"improve":[52],"accuracy":[54],"generating":[56],"FHIR":[57,93,146,160,172],"resources":[58],"from":[59],"natural":[60],"language":[61],"sentences.":[62],"We":[63],"compared":[64],"zero-shot,":[65],"one-shot,":[66],"and":[67,103,138,162],"few-shot":[68,104,153],"prompting":[69,105,126,165],"methods.":[70],"The":[71],"process":[72],"involves":[73],"component":[76],"that":[77],"iteratively":[78],"assesses":[79],"whether":[80],"output":[82],"adheres":[86],"requirements":[90],"specified":[91],"by":[92,151],"before":[94],"returning":[95],"final":[97],"response":[98],"user.":[101],"One-shot":[102],"methods":[106],"generated":[107,136],"96%":[108],"validity,":[111],"while":[112],"it":[113],"was":[114,149],"90%":[115],"zero-shot":[118,164],"strategy.":[119],"According":[120],"semantic":[123],"analysis,":[124],"one-shot":[125],"achieved":[127],"highest":[129],"number":[130],"correct":[132,157,169],"comparisons":[133,144,158,170],"between":[134],"JSON":[137],"ground":[139],"truth":[140],"resource,":[141,161],"25.82":[143],"per":[145,159,171],"resource.":[147,173],"This":[148],"followed":[150],"strategy,":[154],"25.50":[156],"approach,":[166],"15.21":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}