{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401822406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti240550","title":"Machine Learning upon RDF Knowledge Graphs for Drug Safety: A Case Study on Reactome Data","display_name":"Machine Learning upon RDF Knowledge Graphs for Drug Safety: A Case Study on Reactome Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401822406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti240550","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39176931"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti240550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti240550","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI240550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI240550","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075239444","display_name":"Kalliopi Kastampolidou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-9569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kalliopi Kastampolidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066376777","display_name":"George Gavriilidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-4354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George I. Gavriilidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036029445","display_name":"Pantelis Natsiavas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-9815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134249","display_name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/03bndpq63","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantelis Natsiavas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075239444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134249"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33240884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"316","issue":null,"first_page":"873","last_page":"874"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf","display_name":"RDF","score":0.817523717880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7199323177337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5202385187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5141046643257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4671807885169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4659033715724945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.4543260335922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.4420264959335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.3735218346118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3702607750892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3697358965873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.34087979793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09764140844345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147497476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54872","display_name":"RDF","level":3,"score":0.817523717880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7199323177337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5202385187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5141046643257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4671807885169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4659033715724945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4543260335922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.4420264959335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.3735218346118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3702607750892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3697358965873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34087979793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09764140844345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti240550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti240550","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI240550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:39176931","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39176931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti240550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti240550","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI240550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401822406.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401822406.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092613928","https://openalex.org/W3131901903","https://openalex.org/W4311940841","https://openalex.org/W4320713275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2776293731","https://openalex.org/W2610919777","https://openalex.org/W2965230088","https://openalex.org/W1534806717","https://openalex.org/W4293389049","https://openalex.org/W4243630814","https://openalex.org/W4292070284","https://openalex.org/W64303689","https://openalex.org/W4386298164","https://openalex.org/W4312933959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI),":[2],"particularly":[3],"Machine":[4],"Learning":[5],"(ML),":[6],"has":[7],"gained":[8,28],"attention":[9],"for":[10,66],"its":[11],"potential":[12],"in":[13],"various":[14],"domains.":[15],"However,":[16],"approaches":[17],"integrating":[18],"symbolic":[19],"AI":[20],"with":[21,71],"ML":[22,40],"on":[23],"Knowledge":[24],"Graphs":[25],"have":[26],"not":[27],"significant":[29],"focus":[30],"yet.":[31],"We":[32,45],"argue":[33],"that":[34],"exploiting":[35],"RDF/OWL":[36],"semantics":[37],"while":[38],"conducting":[39],"could":[41],"provide":[42],"useful":[43],"insights.":[44],"present":[46],"a":[47],"use":[48],"case":[49],"using":[50],"signaling":[51],"pathways":[52],"from":[53],"the":[54,64],"Reactome":[55],"database":[56],"to":[57],"explore":[58],"drug":[59],"safety.":[60],"Promising":[61],"outcomes":[62],"suggest":[63],"need":[65],"further":[67],"investigation":[68],"and":[69],"collaboration":[70],"domain":[72],"experts.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}