{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281492243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220546","title":"Impact of the Text Simplification on Understanding","display_name":"Impact of the Text Simplification on Understanding","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281492243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220546","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35612166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220546","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220546","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032784049","display_name":"\u041e\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0406\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0806-0860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2279609970","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lille","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzqn938","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2279609970"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087136","display_name":"Savoirs, Textes, Langage","ror":"https://ror.org/003fs1j49","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2279609970","https://openalex.org/I4210087136","https://openalex.org/I4210150854"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oksana Ivchenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8163 \u2013 STL \u2013 Savoirs Textes Langage, F-59000 Lille, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8163 \u2013 STL \u2013 Savoirs Textes Langage, F-59000 Lille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087136","https://openalex.org/I2279609970","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007781745","display_name":"Natalia Grabar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0237-4554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2279609970","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lille","ror":"https://ror.org/02kzqn938","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2279609970"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087136","display_name":"Savoirs, Textes, Langage","ror":"https://ror.org/003fs1j49","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2279609970","https://openalex.org/I4210087136","https://openalex.org/I4210150854"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Grabar","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8163 \u2013 STL \u2013 Savoirs Textes Langage, F-59000 Lille, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8163 \u2013 STL \u2013 Savoirs Textes Langage, F-59000 Lille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087136","https://openalex.org/I2279609970","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032784049"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2279609970","https://openalex.org/I4210087136"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3877,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90489955,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"294","issue":null,"first_page":"634","last_page":"638"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6842198967933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6312431693077087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5689788460731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5531371235847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5212210416793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5160019397735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4674675464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-simplification","display_name":"Text simplification","score":0.45231762528419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3967803418636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37586843967437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13047248125076294}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6842198967933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6312431693077087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5689788460731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5531371235847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5212210416793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5160019397735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4674675464630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59415355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3484781","display_name":"Text simplification","level":3,"score":0.45231762528419495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3967803418636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37586843967437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13047248125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220546","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:35612166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35612166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03931857v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03931857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MIE 2022, May 2022, Nice, France","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220546","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220546","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3312464302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CE19-0016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6803667113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-17","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8067288029","display_name":"Communication, Literacy, Education, Accessibility, Readability","funder_award_id":"ANR-17-CE19-0016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338463","display_name":"CHIST-ERA","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281492243.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281492243.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2119954850","https://openalex.org/W2144710514","https://openalex.org/W2534253848","https://openalex.org/W2770960740","https://openalex.org/W2808007702","https://openalex.org/W2905166257","https://openalex.org/W4247527350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055081518","https://openalex.org/W2601349024","https://openalex.org/W2220263560","https://openalex.org/W4378713476","https://openalex.org/W3045797534","https://openalex.org/W2736149021","https://openalex.org/W2471134775","https://openalex.org/W2122804826","https://openalex.org/W2105978623","https://openalex.org/W1970531475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22,105,128],"reduction":[1],"of":[2,6,24,37,43,46,95,107,117,135,147],"the":[3,35,44,47,57,96,133,136,140,156,161,164],"linguistic":[4,73],"complexity":[5],"medical":[7,58,68,148],"texts":[8,25,55,97,113],"to":[9,14,92,143,159],"make":[10],"them":[11],"more":[12],"understandable":[13],"a":[15,90,100],"larger":[16],"population":[17],"is":[18,125,152],"an":[19],"important":[20],"task.":[21],"simplification":[23,80],"involves":[26],"several":[27],"steps,":[28],"among":[29],"which":[30],"our":[31],"study":[32,42,101,109],"focuses":[33],"on":[34,41,60],"definition":[36],"complex":[38,72],"constructions":[39,74],"and":[40,67,75,84,98,163],"impact":[45],"simplification.":[48],"For":[49],"this":[50,108],"study,":[51],"we":[52],"selected":[53],"20":[54],"from":[56],"domain":[59],"different":[61],"topics,":[62],"namely":[63],"drugs,":[64],"diseases,":[65],"substances,":[66],"institutions.":[69],"We":[70,87],"identified":[71],"carried":[76],"out":[77],"their":[78,145],"manual":[79],"at":[81,132],"syntactic,":[82],"lexical":[83],"semantic":[85],"levels.":[86],"then":[88],"designed":[89],"questionnaire":[91],"test":[93],"comprehension":[94],"conducted":[99],"with":[102],"26":[103],"participants.":[104],"results":[106],"shows":[110],"that":[111,139],"simplified":[112],"obtained":[114],"higher":[115],"number":[116],"correct":[118,165],"answers":[119,166],"than":[120],"technical":[121],"texts.":[122],"This":[123],"difference":[124],"statistically":[126],"significant.":[127],"self-evaluation":[129],"questionnaire,":[130],"done":[131],"beginning":[134],"test,":[137],"indicates":[138],"participants":[141],"tend":[142],"overestimate":[144],"understanding":[146],"information.":[149],"Besides,":[150],"there":[151],"no":[153],"correlation":[154],"between":[155],"time":[157],"taken":[158],"complete":[160],"interview":[162],"provided.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
