{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281787101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220210","title":"The Gap Between Technology and Ethics, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Country Health Information Systems: A Bibliometric Study","display_name":"The Gap Between Technology and Ethics, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Country Health Information Systems: A Bibliometric Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281787101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220210","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35673149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220210","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220210","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220210","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058616888","display_name":"James B. Thomas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824543","display_name":"Rebecca Carlson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-8435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Carlson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037979430","display_name":"Michelle Cawley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-328X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Cawley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742302","display_name":"Quan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-0977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gillings School of Global Public Health, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037551360","display_name":"Victoria Fleming","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085347094","display_name":"Fei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-1590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.606,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99064127,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"290","issue":null,"first_page":"902","last_page":"906"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9642999768257141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9348999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries","display_name":"Low and middle income countries","score":0.6296960711479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.47283583879470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.46513810753822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.38841232657432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.38671913743019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.17960768938064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11550310254096985}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018472363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Low and middle income countries","level":3,"score":0.6296960711479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47283583879470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46513810753822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38841232657432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.38671913743019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.17960768938064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11550310254096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007182","descriptor_name":"Income","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013672","descriptor_name":"Technology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015706","descriptor_name":"Bibliometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015706","descriptor_name":"Bibliometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015706","descriptor_name":"Bibliometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063005","descriptor_name":"Health Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063005","descriptor_name":"Health Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063005","descriptor_name":"Health Information Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220210","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220210","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:35673149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35673149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220210","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220210","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220210","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3124683756","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GHA-A-00-08-00003-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","funder_display_name":"United States Agency for International Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3849180271","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Cooperative Agreement GHA-A-00-08-00003-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","funder_display_name":"United States Agency for International Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","display_name":"United States Agency for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/01n6e6j62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281787101.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281787101.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072975515","https://openalex.org/W2120109270","https://openalex.org/W2135867395","https://openalex.org/W2138336845","https://openalex.org/W2199809880","https://openalex.org/W2402961264","https://openalex.org/W2585292824","https://openalex.org/W2608884741","https://openalex.org/W2746899077","https://openalex.org/W2755950973","https://openalex.org/W2770587522","https://openalex.org/W2775952591","https://openalex.org/W2905131868","https://openalex.org/W2937506911","https://openalex.org/W2981716375"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W2586801360","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166","https://openalex.org/W1489783725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"health":[1,20],"information":[2,21],"systems":[3,8,22],"are":[4],"quickly":[5],"replacing":[6],"paper":[7],"worldwide.":[9],"This":[10],"study":[11],"examined":[12],"scholarly":[13],"work":[14],"reflecting":[15],"how":[16],"ethical":[17,141],"considerations":[18],"for":[19,47],"(HISs)":[23],"have":[24],"evolved":[25],"over":[26],"time,":[27],"with":[28],"particular":[29],"interest":[30],"in":[31,143],"the":[32,136],"contributions":[33],"from":[34,61,73,86],"low-":[35],"and":[36,53,55,90,131],"middle-income":[37],"country":[38,93],"(LMIC)":[39],"institutions.":[40,77],"We":[41,125],"systematically":[42],"searched":[43],"four":[44],"research":[45],"databases":[46],"terms":[48],"related":[49],"to":[50,98,106,121,134],"HISs,":[51],"ethics,":[52],"LMICs;":[54],"identified":[56],"601":[57],"relevant":[58],"articles":[59],"published":[60],"1975":[62],"through":[63],"2019.":[64],"The":[65],"included":[66],"publications":[67,81,96],"were":[68,82],"produced":[69],"by":[70,84],"1,000":[71],"authors":[72],"more":[74,127],"than":[75],"700":[76],"However,":[78],"only":[79],"30":[80],"co-authored":[83],"researchers":[85],"both":[87],"an":[88,103],"LMIC":[89,122,130],"a":[91,108],"high-income":[92],"(HIC).":[94],"Most":[95],"pertained":[97],"data":[99],"security.":[100],"There":[101],"is":[102],"acute":[104],"need":[105],"address":[107,135],"wider":[109],"array":[110],"of":[111,139],"HIS":[112,140],"ethics":[113],"topics,":[114],"including":[115],"those":[116],"that":[117],"may":[118],"be":[119],"unique":[120],"resource":[123],"constraints.":[124],"recommend":[126],"collaborations":[128],"between":[129],"HIC":[132],"institutions":[133],"full":[137],"range":[138],"concerns":[142],"LMICs.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}