{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281937570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220138","title":"Data Veracity of Patients and Health Consumers Reported Adverse Drug Reactions on Twitter: Key Linguistic Features, Twitter Variables, and Association Rules","display_name":"Data Veracity of Patients and Health Consumers Reported Adverse Drug Reactions on Twitter: Key Linguistic Features, Twitter Variables, and Association Rules","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281937570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220138","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35673077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220138","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220138","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046104452","display_name":"Tianchu Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5937-4432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianchu Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067402911","display_name":"Andrew Eidson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Eidson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077306802","display_name":"Jungmi Jun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0720-7122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungmi Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Journalism and Mass Communications, College of Information and Communications, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Journalism and Mass Communications, College of Information and Communications, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104200268","display_name":"Xiajie Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83519826","display_name":"Nanjing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiajie Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83519826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046258149","display_name":"Xiang Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-2672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075227410","display_name":"Chen Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-9880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046104452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6033,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85645933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"290","issue":null,"first_page":"552","last_page":"556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12027","display_name":"Social Media in Health Education","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacovigilance","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance","score":0.7819018363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinomial-logistic-regression","display_name":"Multinomial logistic regression","score":0.5885757803916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5793402194976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5535668134689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5475025773048401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49090486764907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-reaction","display_name":"Drug reaction","score":0.48608139157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.46838146448135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.4240642189979553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4218369722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.4135705828666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.4106607437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37489262223243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.31679534912109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.31105542182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.27832096815109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug","display_name":"Drug","score":0.2106092870235443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-effect","display_name":"Adverse effect","score":0.16382679343223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.14282572269439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.07554259896278381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57658597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550789","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance","level":3,"score":0.7819018363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117568660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650843","display_name":"Multinomial logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5885757803916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5793402194976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5535668134689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5475025773048401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49090486764907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993432071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45959","display_name":"Drug reaction","level":3,"score":0.48608139157295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.46838146448135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4240642189979553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4218369722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4135705828666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.4106607437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37489262223243713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31679534912109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.31105542182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.27832096815109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.2106092870235443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.16382679343223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14282572269439697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07554259896278381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060735","descriptor_name":"Pharmacovigilance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060735","descriptor_name":"Pharmacovigilance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060735","descriptor_name":"Pharmacovigilance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220138","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:35673077","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35673077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti220138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti220138","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/SHTI220138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310846","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334278","display_name":"Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281937570.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4281937570.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1925566331","https://openalex.org/W1979812611","https://openalex.org/W1987581851","https://openalex.org/W1988304729","https://openalex.org/W2007628554","https://openalex.org/W2047805825","https://openalex.org/W2067822090","https://openalex.org/W2073386434","https://openalex.org/W2102742655","https://openalex.org/W2113631586","https://openalex.org/W2136749338","https://openalex.org/W2145578524","https://openalex.org/W2171469118","https://openalex.org/W2417936835","https://openalex.org/W2466954940","https://openalex.org/W2565943263","https://openalex.org/W2765954911","https://openalex.org/W2896044705","https://openalex.org/W2898835126","https://openalex.org/W3105467701","https://openalex.org/W6607896898"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018021083","https://openalex.org/W2067932446","https://openalex.org/W2403681070","https://openalex.org/W2521950182","https://openalex.org/W2168061126","https://openalex.org/W4250277692","https://openalex.org/W2333095586","https://openalex.org/W1591489135","https://openalex.org/W13687373","https://openalex.org/W2065768077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"Twitter":[1,40,60,144],"emerged":[2],"as":[3,42],"an":[4],"important":[5],"data":[6,11,31,98,111,122],"source":[7],"for":[8,17,47,129,134],"pharmacovigilance,":[9],"heterogeneous":[10],"veracity":[12,32,99,112,123],"becomes":[13],"a":[14,58],"major":[15],"concern":[16],"extracted":[18],"adverse":[19],"drug":[20,84,115],"reactions":[21],"(ADRs).":[22],"Our":[23],"objective":[24],"is":[25],"to":[26],"categorize":[27],"different":[28],"levels":[29,96],"of":[30,37,97,137],"and":[33,39,68,83,104,146],"explore":[34],"linguistic":[35,63,142],"features":[36,64],"tweets":[38,51,139],"variables":[41],"they":[43],"may":[44],"be":[45],"used":[46],"automatic":[48,135],"screening":[49,136],"high-veracity":[50],"that":[52,76],"contain":[53],"ADR-related":[54,138],"information.":[55],"We":[56],"annotated":[57],"published":[59],"corpus":[61],"with":[62,94,109,120],"from":[65],"existing":[66],"studies":[67],"clinical":[69],"experts.":[70],"Multinomial":[71],"logistic":[72],"regression":[73],"models":[74,133],"found":[75],"first-person":[77],"pronouns,":[78],"expressing":[79],"negative":[80],"sentiment,":[81],"ADR":[82],"name":[85],"being":[86],"in":[87],"the":[88],"same":[89],"sentence":[90],"were":[91,107,117],"significantly":[92],"associated":[93,108,119],"higher":[95],"(p<0.05),":[100,113],"using":[101,140],"medical":[102],"terminology":[103],"fewer":[105],"indications":[106],"good":[110,121],"less":[114],"numbers":[116],"marginally":[118],"(p=0.053).":[124],"These":[125],"findings":[126],"suggest":[127],"opportunities":[128],"developing":[130],"machine":[131],"learning":[132],"key":[141],"features,":[143],"variables,":[145],"association":[147],"rules.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
