{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991339601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","title":"Protecting Biomedical Data Against Attribute Disclosure","display_name":"Protecting Biomedical Data Against Attribute Disclosure","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991339601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","mag":"2991339601","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31483274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039290636","display_name":"Helmut Spengler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-3755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spengler Helmut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037720718","display_name":"Fabian Pra\u00dfer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-3095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prasser Fabian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039290636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69799938,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"267","issue":null,"first_page":"207","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7714097499847412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-anonymization","display_name":"Data anonymization","score":0.6832046508789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skewness","display_name":"Skewness","score":0.6326953172683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.6172147989273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5855363011360168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5622689723968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.5371288657188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4771149456501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4603528678417206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-act-1998","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","score":0.44160833954811096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.40216946601867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.3661779761314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2897935211658478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.11806795001029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10595521330833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07049155235290527}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7714097499847412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776945810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17006654","display_name":"Data anonymization","level":3,"score":0.6832046508789062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122342681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330828","display_name":"Skewness","level":2,"score":0.6326953172683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.6172147989273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5855363011360168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5622689723968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.5371288657188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4771149456501007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4603528678417206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.44160833954811096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.40216946601867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.3661779761314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2897935211658478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.11806795001029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10595521330833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07049155235290527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068240","descriptor_name":"Data Anonymization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068240","descriptor_name":"Data Anonymization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000068240","descriptor_name":"Data Anonymization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018907","descriptor_name":"Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030881","descriptor_name":"Disclosure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030881","descriptor_name":"Disclosure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030881","descriptor_name":"Disclosure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:31483274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31483274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1589754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1589754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3175527458","https://openalex.org/W2899491940","https://openalex.org/W4312461427","https://openalex.org/W2799236100","https://openalex.org/W3156135475","https://openalex.org/W2801603504","https://openalex.org/W3207978485","https://openalex.org/W3123344148","https://openalex.org/W4401342772","https://openalex.org/W4281253161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"medical":[1],"research":[2],"requires":[3],"access":[4],"to":[5,32,53,96,188,203,222],"patient-level":[6],"data":[7,29,42,49,55,89,94,116,125,190,216],"of":[8,41,48,58,81,108,111,136,163,171,178,207],"significant":[9,88],"detail":[10],"and":[11,18,113,133,146,166,232],"volume.":[12],"In":[13,100],"this":[14,101,230],"context,":[15],"privacy":[16,34,134],"concerns":[17],"legal":[19],"requirements":[20],"demand":[21],"careful":[22],"consideration.":[23],"Data":[24],"anonymization,":[25],"which":[26,91],"means":[27],"that":[28,78,138,184,198,235],"is":[30,36,186,220],"transformed":[31],"reduce":[33,92],"risks,":[35],"an":[37,97,105],"important":[38],"building":[39],"block":[40],"protection":[43,112,208],"concepts.":[44],"However,":[45],"common":[46],"methods":[47,145,211],"anonymization":[50,144],"often":[51],"fail":[52],"protect":[54,189],"against":[56,67],"inference":[57],"sensitive":[59,173],"attribute":[60,64,127,192],"values":[61],"(also":[62],"called":[63],"disclosure).":[65],"Measures":[66],"such":[68],"attacks":[69],"have":[70,139,237],"been":[71,76,140],"developed,":[72],"but":[73,194],"it":[74,185,199,219],"has":[75],"argued":[77],"they":[79,86,195],"are":[80,212],"little":[82],"practical":[83],"relevance,":[84],"as":[85],"involve":[87],"transformations":[90],"output":[93],"utility":[95,117,132],"unacceptable":[98],"degree.":[99],"article,":[102],"we":[103,236],"present":[104],"experimental":[106],"study":[107],"the":[109,131,150,161,172,176,226,233],"degree":[110],"impact":[114],"on":[115,215],"provided":[118],"by":[119],"different":[120,143],"approaches":[121],"for":[122,242],"protecting":[123],"biomedical":[124],"from":[126,191],"disclosure.":[128],"We":[129,148],"quantified":[130],"risks":[135],"datasets":[137],"protected":[141,251],"using":[142],"parameterizations.":[147],"put":[149],"results":[151,182],"into":[152],"relation":[153],"with":[154],"trivial":[155],"baseline":[156],"approaches,":[157],"visualized":[158],"them":[159],"in":[160,229,252],"form":[162],"risk-utility":[164],"curves":[165],"analyzed":[167],"basic":[168],"statistical":[169],"properties":[170],"attributes":[174],"(e.g.":[175],"skewness":[177],"their":[179],"distribution).":[180],"Our":[181],"confirm":[183],"difficult":[187],"disclosure,":[193],"also":[196],"indicate":[197],"can":[200,239,248],"be":[201,240,250],"possible":[202],"achieve":[204],"reasonable":[205],"degrees":[206],"when":[209],"appropriate":[210],"chosen":[213],"based":[214],"characteristics.":[217],"While":[218],"hard":[221],"give":[223],"general":[224],"recommendations,":[225],"approach":[227],"presented":[228],"article":[231],"tools":[234],"used":[238],"helpful":[241],"deciding":[243],"how":[244],"a":[245,253],"given":[246],"dataset":[247],"best":[249],"specific":[254],"usage":[255],"scenario.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T21:11:00.739837","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}