{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982383011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","title":"SNOMEDtxt: Natural Language Generation from SNOMED Ontology","display_name":"SNOMEDtxt: Natural Language Generation from SNOMED Ontology","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982383011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","mag":"2982383011","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31438128"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051478375","display_name":"Olga Lyudovyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8793-8920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lyudovyk Olga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Weng Chunhua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weng Chunhua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051478375"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3239,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62166498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"264","issue":null,"first_page":"1263","last_page":"1267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snomed-ct","display_name":"SNOMED CT","score":0.9951860904693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.7707746028900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7465428709983826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.545624315738678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5372931957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematized-nomenclature-of-medicine","display_name":"Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine","score":0.5322695970535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-generation","display_name":"Natural language generation","score":0.52084881067276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.5171117782592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-biomedical-ontologies","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","score":0.5015113353729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.44336435198783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4412081241607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.2670886218547821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.2555508315563202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.17626497149467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.1657346785068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suggested-upper-merged-ontology","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","score":0.07602152228355408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206497026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753883","display_name":"SNOMED CT","level":3,"score":0.9951860904693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.7707746028900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7465428709983826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.545624315738678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5372931957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44681071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048820","display_name":"Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine","level":4,"score":0.5322695970535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513879","display_name":"Natural language generation","level":3,"score":0.52084881067276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.5171117782592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137982476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072326","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","level":5,"score":0.5015113353729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.44336435198783875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4412081241607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.2670886218547821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.2555508315563202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.17626497149467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.1657346785068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7635093","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","level":4,"score":0.07602152228355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D039061","descriptor_name":"Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D039061","descriptor_name":"Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D039061","descriptor_name":"Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:31438128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31438128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6852688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6852688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stud Health Technol Inform","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/shti190429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/shti190429","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179765","display_name":"Studies in health technology and informatics","issn_l":"0926-9630","issn":["0926-9630","1879-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Health Technology and Informatics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121005781","https://openalex.org/W2129037199","https://openalex.org/W2164346871","https://openalex.org/W2183771419","https://openalex.org/W2467764490","https://openalex.org/W2755153059"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181479088","https://openalex.org/W2010248145","https://openalex.org/W2037829818","https://openalex.org/W1485513899","https://openalex.org/W1682743535","https://openalex.org/W2044298438","https://openalex.org/W4282583959","https://openalex.org/W3026755508","https://openalex.org/W31701444","https://openalex.org/W4206342372"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SNOMED":[0,33,70],"Clinical":[1],"Terms":[2],"(SNOMED":[3],"CT)":[4],"defines":[5],"over":[6],"70,000":[7],"diseases,":[8],"including":[9],"many":[10],"rare":[11,16],"ones.":[12],"Meanwhile,":[13],"descriptions":[14,38],"of":[15],"conditions":[17],"are":[18],"missing":[19],"from":[20],"online":[21],"educational":[22],"resources.":[23],"SNOMEDtxt":[24],"converts":[25],"ontological":[26],"concept":[27],"definitions":[28],"and":[29,52,54,76,92,96],"relations":[30],"contained":[31],"in":[32,99],"CT":[34],"into":[35],"narrative":[36],"disease":[37],"using":[39,48],"Natural":[40],"Language":[41],"Generation":[42],"techniques.":[43],"Generated":[44],"text":[45,66],"is":[46],"evaluated":[47],"both":[49],"computational":[50],"methods":[51],"clinician":[53],"lay":[55,62],"user":[56],"feedback.":[57],"User":[58],"evaluations":[59],"indicate":[60],"that":[61],"people":[63],"prefer":[64],"generated":[65],"to":[67,84,87,97],"the":[68,93],"original":[69],"content,":[71],"find":[72],"it":[73,78],"more":[74],"informative,":[75],"understand":[77],"significantly":[79],"better.":[80],"This":[81],"method":[82],"promises":[83],"improve":[85],"access":[86],"clinical":[88],"knowledge":[89],"for":[90],"patients":[91],"medical":[94],"community":[95],"assist":[98],"ontology":[100],"auditing":[101],"through":[102],"natural":[103],"language":[104],"descriptions.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}