{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4375946955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-223752","title":"Neutrosophic-CNN-based image and text fusion for multimodal classification","display_name":"Neutrosophic-CNN-based image and text fusion for multimodal classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4375946955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-223752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-223752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-223752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019135716","display_name":"Mohd Anas Wajid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-1636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74885063","display_name":"Sharda University","ror":"https://ror.org/03b6ffh07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}],"countries":["IN","MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Anas Wajid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Application, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India","School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Application, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047605719","display_name":"Aasim Zafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-014X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I171210897","display_name":"Aligarh Muslim University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw9gc02","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aasim Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Civil Lines, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Civil Lines, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I171210897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049386377","display_name":"Hugo Terashima\u2010Mar\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-0773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Terashima-Mar\u00edn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090673409","display_name":"Mohammad Saif Wajid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98461037","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey","ror":"https://ror.org/03ayjn504","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74885063","display_name":"Sharda University","ror":"https://ror.org/03b6ffh07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}],"countries":["IN","MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Saif Wajid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Application, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India","School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Application, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnol\u00f3gico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98461037"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019135716","https://openalex.org/A5090673409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063","https://openalex.org/I98461037"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2999,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82254277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"1","first_page":"1039","last_page":"1055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9408000111579895,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8111699819564819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7551500797271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6376292705535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4950636923313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4614466726779938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.45724180340766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.4316096901893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.4271588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.34618720412254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33843064308166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3230709433555603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8111699819564819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7551500797271729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6376292705535889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4950636923313141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4614466726779938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.45724180340766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4316096901893616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.4271588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.34618720412254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33843064308166504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3230709433555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-223752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-223752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002814313","https://openalex.org/W2026012689","https://openalex.org/W2048797745","https://openalex.org/W2064608687","https://openalex.org/W2155806188","https://openalex.org/W2522537207","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2753085294","https://openalex.org/W2910191085","https://openalex.org/W2959645102","https://openalex.org/W3042104961","https://openalex.org/W3112421842","https://openalex.org/W3160687189","https://openalex.org/W4221067622","https://openalex.org/W4226211470","https://openalex.org/W4292822510","https://openalex.org/W4313250660","https://openalex.org/W4319778865","https://openalex.org/W4394965334","https://openalex.org/W6794999818","https://openalex.org/W6811311947","https://openalex.org/W6848165341","https://openalex.org/W6864265769","https://openalex.org/W6968388433"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2165912799","https://openalex.org/W2735662278","https://openalex.org/W2382615723","https://openalex.org/W4311804456","https://openalex.org/W1987484445","https://openalex.org/W2623658258","https://openalex.org/W1969219540","https://openalex.org/W2143413548","https://openalex.org/W2370459448","https://openalex.org/W2047139419"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,24,47,53,159],"technology":[3],"and":[4,14,31,45,57,89,163,207],"devices":[5],"have":[6,42,194],"caused":[7],"a":[8,64,133,165],"data":[9,20,71,91,174],"explosion":[10],"on":[11,15,39,63,136,182],"the":[12,106,127,145,160,170],"Internet":[13],"our":[16,177,196],"home":[17],"PCs.":[18],"This":[19,67,85],"is":[21,32],"predominantly":[22],"obtained":[23],"various":[25],"modalities":[26],"(text,":[27],"image,":[28,102],"video,":[29],"etc.)":[30],"essential":[33],"for":[34,72,78,81,169],"e-commerce":[35],"websites.":[36],"The":[37],"products":[38],"these":[40],"websites":[41],"both":[43],"images":[44,107],"descriptions":[46],"text":[48,90,99],"form,":[49],"making":[50],"them":[51],"multimodal":[52,70],"nature.":[54],"Earlier":[55],"categorization":[56,186],"information":[58,82],"retrieval":[59,83],"methods":[60],"focused":[61],"mostly":[62],"single":[65],"modality.":[66],"study":[68],"employs":[69],"classification":[73,110,113,171],"using":[74,108],"neutrosophic":[75,109],"fuzzy":[76],"sets":[77],"uncertainty":[79],"management":[80],"tasks.":[84],"effort":[86],"utilizes":[87],"image":[88],"and,":[92],"inspired":[93],"by":[94],"past":[95],"techniques":[96],"of":[97,126,144,172],"embedding":[98],"over":[100],"an":[101],"attempts":[103],"to":[104,122,141,155,198],"classify":[105],"algorithms.":[111],"For":[112],"tasks,":[114],"Neutrosophic":[115],"Convolutional":[116],"Neural":[117],"Networks":[118],"(NCNNs)":[119],"are":[120,153],"used":[121],"learn":[123,142],"feature":[124],"representations":[125,143],"produced":[128],"images.":[129],"We":[130],"demonstrate":[131],"how":[132],"pipeline":[134],"based":[135],"NCNN":[137],"can":[138],"be":[139],"utilized":[140],"innovative":[146],"fusion":[147,202,206],"method.":[148],"Traditional":[149],"convolutional":[150],"neural":[151],"networks":[152],"vulnerable":[154],"unknown":[156],"noisy":[157,173],"conditions":[158],"test":[161],"phase,":[162],"as":[164],"result,":[166],"their":[167],"performance":[168],"declines.":[175],"Comparing":[176],"method":[178,197],"against":[179],"individual":[180],"sources":[181],"two":[183,199],"large-scale":[184],"multi-modal":[185,201],"datasets":[187],"yielded":[188],"good":[189],"results.":[190],"In":[191],"addition,":[192],"we":[193],"compared":[195],"well-known":[200],"methodologies,":[203],"namely":[204],"early":[205],"late":[208],"fusion.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
