{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161993868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202879","title":"GINS: A Global intensifier-based N-Gram sentiment dictionary","display_name":"GINS: A Global intensifier-based N-Gram sentiment dictionary","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161993868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202879","mag":"3161993868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-202879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060876188","display_name":"Hamed Zargari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-5482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176861719","display_name":"University of Shahrood","ror":"https://ror.org/00yqvtm78","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Zargari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017647326","display_name":"Morteza Zahedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-4514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176861719","display_name":"University of Shahrood","ror":"https://ror.org/00yqvtm78","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Morteza Zahedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018292410","display_name":"Marziea Rahimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6779-0287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176861719","display_name":"University of Shahrood","ror":"https://ror.org/00yqvtm78","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marziea Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and IT Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017647326"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176861719"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84054802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"6","first_page":"11763","last_page":"11776"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.8347747325897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.754995584487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6850727796554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.5764856338500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5574976205825806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.49133649468421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punctuation","display_name":"Punctuation","score":0.490534245967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.43205684423446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4155319333076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.12673625349998474}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.8347747325897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.754995584487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6850727796554565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.5764856338500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5574976205825806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.49133649468421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540372491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82622","display_name":"Punctuation","level":2,"score":0.490534245967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.43205684423446655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4155319333076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.12673625349998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-202879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-202879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187058510","https://openalex.org/W1516184288","https://openalex.org/W1822239915","https://openalex.org/W1961993270","https://openalex.org/W1978994519","https://openalex.org/W2005311637","https://openalex.org/W2062073640","https://openalex.org/W2063596712","https://openalex.org/W2084046180","https://openalex.org/W2086612585","https://openalex.org/W2092073019","https://openalex.org/W2108646579","https://openalex.org/W2111975591","https://openalex.org/W2141063789","https://openalex.org/W2142905080","https://openalex.org/W2156413587","https://openalex.org/W2194578903","https://openalex.org/W2197489394","https://openalex.org/W2297801999","https://openalex.org/W2306706380","https://openalex.org/W2313494261","https://openalex.org/W2334921165","https://openalex.org/W2548006041","https://openalex.org/W2571253853","https://openalex.org/W2584429674","https://openalex.org/W2586733088","https://openalex.org/W2606902231","https://openalex.org/W2606962553","https://openalex.org/W2608232661","https://openalex.org/W2612769033","https://openalex.org/W2613255073","https://openalex.org/W2688663127","https://openalex.org/W2758661097","https://openalex.org/W2791061589","https://openalex.org/W2793625747","https://openalex.org/W2793894766","https://openalex.org/W2801510041","https://openalex.org/W2812111957","https://openalex.org/W2884776271","https://openalex.org/W2885781431","https://openalex.org/W2886444838","https://openalex.org/W2887692705","https://openalex.org/W2905466209","https://openalex.org/W2910656009","https://openalex.org/W2912717331","https://openalex.org/W2922650329","https://openalex.org/W2923528470","https://openalex.org/W2944780533","https://openalex.org/W2963931075","https://openalex.org/W2974226524","https://openalex.org/W2992580393","https://openalex.org/W2995797250","https://openalex.org/W2999191191","https://openalex.org/W3005673796","https://openalex.org/W3006297858","https://openalex.org/W3007475647","https://openalex.org/W3009107918","https://openalex.org/W3010885397","https://openalex.org/W3015123307","https://openalex.org/W3028167859","https://openalex.org/W3034414656","https://openalex.org/W3102444842","https://openalex.org/W3103291281","https://openalex.org/W3123366370","https://openalex.org/W3123941210","https://openalex.org/W3124637447","https://openalex.org/W4239946314","https://openalex.org/W6607640341","https://openalex.org/W6676744775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2936002343","https://openalex.org/W2188883480","https://openalex.org/W1592364192","https://openalex.org/W656840002","https://openalex.org/W1605117403","https://openalex.org/W2381416480","https://openalex.org/W2380599343","https://openalex.org/W2181793145","https://openalex.org/W3163320880","https://openalex.org/W2365703075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Words":[0],"are":[1,15,30],"one":[2],"of":[3,8,36,44,55,70,77,79,88,94,97,107,117,120,133,172],"the":[4,17,34,75,91,95,105,108,114,118,131,144,149,158,162,167,183],"most":[5],"essential":[6],"elements":[7],"expressing":[9],"sentiments":[10],"in":[11,46,101,112,166],"context":[12],"although":[13],"they":[14],"not":[16],"only":[18,65],"ones.":[19],"Also,":[20],"syntactic":[21],"relationships":[22],"between":[23],"words,":[24,81,138],"morphology,":[25],"punctuation,":[26],"and":[27,83,140,152,169],"linguistic":[28,99],"phenomena":[29,40,100],"influential.":[31],"Merely":[32],"considering":[33,143],"concept":[35],"words":[37],"as":[38],"isolated":[39],"causes":[41],"a":[42,52,126,154],"lot":[43],"mistakes":[45],"sentiment":[47,62,66,80,102,110,127,134,137,150,164,175],"analysis":[48,132,176],"systems.":[49],"So":[50],"far,":[51],"large":[53],"amount":[54],"research":[56,124],"has":[57],"been":[58],"conducted":[59],"on":[60,130],"generating":[61],"dictionaries":[63,72],"containing":[64],"words.":[67],"A":[68],"number":[69],"these":[71],"have":[73],"addressed":[74],"role":[76],"combinations":[78],"negators,":[82,139],"intensifiers,":[84,122],"while":[85],"almost":[86],"none":[87],"them":[89],"considered":[90],"heterogeneous":[92,115],"effect":[93,116],"occurrence":[96,119],"multiple":[98,121,145],"compounds.":[103],"Regarding":[104],"weaknesses":[106],"existing":[109],"dictionaries,":[111],"addressing":[113],"this":[123],"presents":[125],"dictionary":[128],"based":[129],"compounds":[135],"including":[136],"intensifiers":[141,146],"by":[142],"relative":[147],"to":[148,157,179,182],"word":[151],"assigning":[153],"location-based":[155],"coefficient":[156],"intensifier,":[159],"which":[160],"increases":[161],"covered":[163],"phrase":[165],"dictionary,":[168],"enhanced":[170],"efficiency":[171],"proposed":[173],"dictionary-based":[174],"methods":[177],"up":[178],"7%":[180],"compared":[181],"latest":[184],"methods.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}