{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3121272573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189654","title":"Development characteristics of public-private partnership projects using fuzzy approach in China during 2016\u20132018","display_name":"Development characteristics of public-private partnership projects using fuzzy approach in China during 2016\u20132018","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3121272573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189654","mag":"3121272573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-189654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029236286","display_name":"Shu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-1950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","Research Center for Public-Private Partnership, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Public-Private Partnership, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101836684","display_name":"Lei Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4707-7211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101965257","display_name":"Lianghai Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5810-1061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lianghai Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","Research Center for Public-Private Partnership, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Public-Private Partnership, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101965257"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74635953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"4","first_page":"8317","last_page":"8331"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11939","display_name":"Public-Private Partnership Projects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12779","display_name":"Public Procurement and Policy","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public\u2013private-partnership","display_name":"Public\u2013private partnership","score":0.7888347506523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-partnership","display_name":"General partnership","score":0.706893801689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidy","display_name":"Subsidy","score":0.6988736391067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/promotion","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","score":0.6385877132415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.621455192565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5739913582801819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5184873342514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.4616597294807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.4499243497848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.40642133355140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.34490829706192017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20883840322494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.08293992280960083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776553905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221096","display_name":"Public\u2013private partnership","level":3,"score":0.7888347506523132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.706893801689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.6988736391067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.6385877132415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.621455192565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5739913582801819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5184873342514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.4616597294807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.4499243497848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.40642133355140686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34490829706192017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20883840322494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08293992280960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-189654","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1918704034","https://openalex.org/W1970616592","https://openalex.org/W1988334642","https://openalex.org/W2003247240","https://openalex.org/W2040753331","https://openalex.org/W2051344353","https://openalex.org/W2062739098","https://openalex.org/W2065287224","https://openalex.org/W2075498720","https://openalex.org/W2077729384","https://openalex.org/W2084526629","https://openalex.org/W2089845179","https://openalex.org/W2108621528","https://openalex.org/W2111099883","https://openalex.org/W2171633420","https://openalex.org/W2290206121","https://openalex.org/W2294267536","https://openalex.org/W2313371636","https://openalex.org/W2471864359","https://openalex.org/W2779465552","https://openalex.org/W2883397386","https://openalex.org/W2888556967","https://openalex.org/W2958733111","https://openalex.org/W2959168867","https://openalex.org/W2968101851","https://openalex.org/W2975640753","https://openalex.org/W2998151298","https://openalex.org/W3013652437","https://openalex.org/W3036380211","https://openalex.org/W3036527224","https://openalex.org/W6779571708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2276539358","https://openalex.org/W4309036932","https://openalex.org/W3083505014","https://openalex.org/W2099588657","https://openalex.org/W2965628777","https://openalex.org/W4384704518","https://openalex.org/W2134946347","https://openalex.org/W3122623056","https://openalex.org/W1546226669","https://openalex.org/W4285127554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Public-Private":[0],"Partnership":[1],"(PPP)":[2],"has":[3,63,115],"been":[4,116],"adopted":[5],"extensively":[6],"in":[7,10,88,100],"public":[8],"infrastructures":[9],"China.":[11],"Numerous":[12],"studies":[13],"have":[14],"explored":[15],"development":[16],"patterns":[17],"for":[18,177],"future":[19,168],"PPP":[20,42,72,122,131,158,169,181],"projects":[21,73,123],"success":[22],"based":[23],"on":[24],"either":[25],"literature":[26],"review":[27],"or":[28],"case":[29],"studies.":[30],"This":[31],"paper":[32],"aims":[33],"to":[34,76,84,94,165,179],"probe":[35],"into":[36],"the":[37,60,96,118,129],"spatiotemporal":[38],"dynamics":[39],"of":[40,51,121,156],"China\u2019s":[41,167],"and":[43,53,98],"clarify":[44],"regional":[45,154],"differentiation":[46,155],"by":[47],"frequency":[48],"analysis,":[49],"coefficient":[50,148],"variation":[52],"cluster":[54],"analysis.":[55],"The":[56,79,112],"result":[57],"shows":[58],"that":[59,106],"implementation":[61],"rate":[62],"a":[64,174],"slight":[65],"increase":[66],"along":[67],"with":[68,86],"time":[69,109],"series":[70],"although":[71,140],"gradually":[74],"return":[75],"rational":[77],"development.":[78,159],"fuzzy":[80],"set":[81],"is":[82,104,149],"utilized":[83],"handle":[85],"ambiguity":[87],"some":[89],"linguistic":[90],"risk":[91],"allocation":[92],"criteria":[93],"lower":[95],"fuzziness":[97],"bias":[99],"knowledge":[101],"expert":[102],"which":[103,171],"qualitative":[105],"handles":[107],"real":[108],"decision":[110],"making.":[111],"municipal":[113],"sector":[114],"occupied":[117],"largest":[119],"share":[120],"while":[124],"state-owned":[125],"enterprises":[126],"still":[127],"dominate":[128],"biggest":[130],"marketed":[132],"components.":[133],"Local":[134],"governments":[135],"prefer":[136],"viability":[137],"gap":[138],"subsidies":[139],"central":[141],"government":[142,178],"encourages":[143],"user":[144],"payment.":[145],"Spatial":[146],"difference":[147],"so":[150],"high":[151],"reflecting":[152],"obvious":[153],"provincial":[157],"Recommendations":[160],"are":[161],"ultimately":[162],"put":[163],"forward":[164],"enhance":[166],"promotion,":[170],"will":[172],"provide":[173],"valuable":[175],"direction":[176],"make":[180],"customized":[182],"policies.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}