{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967292667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-181517","title":"Key individual identification using dimensional relevance in the stratum of networks","display_name":"Key individual identification using dimensional relevance in the stratum of networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967292667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-181517","mag":"2967292667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-181517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-181517","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems/ifs181517?id=journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems%2Fifs181517","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems/ifs181517?id=journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems%2Fifs181517","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fozia Noor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113133037","display_name":"Yanbu University College","ror":"https://ror.org/011adk382","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113133037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4164984","display_name":"International Islamic University Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/03s9hs139","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4164984"]}],"countries":["MY","SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fozia Noor","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia","Yanbu University College(YUC), Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4164984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yanbu University College(YUC), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113133037"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017346745","display_name":"Muhammad Usman Akram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-7231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Usman Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049307628","display_name":"Asadullah Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-328X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4164984","display_name":"International Islamic University Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/03s9hs139","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4164984"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asadullah Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4164984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103834638","display_name":"Shoab Ahmad Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoab Ahmad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113133037","https://openalex.org/I4164984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10218106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"2153","last_page":"2167"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9426000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.8125665187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7135688066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6984063386917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.694553017616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrality","display_name":"Centrality","score":0.6939464807510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6777831315994263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viewpoints","display_name":"Viewpoints","score":0.5906593203544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5641402006149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.5427607893943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betweenness-centrality","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","score":0.5351335406303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.519536554813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4904894530773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.45831412076950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.43973514437675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3687359690666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14652404189109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1293245255947113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.11393755674362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09473803639411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07976469397544861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.8125665187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7135688066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6984063386917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.694553017616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.6939464807510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6777831315994263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928819","display_name":"Viewpoints","level":2,"score":0.5906593203544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5641402006149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.5427607893943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117045392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4899215","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","level":3,"score":0.5351335406303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.519536554813385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4904894530773163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.45831412076950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43973514437675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3687359690666199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14652404189109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1293245255947113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.11393755674362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09473803639411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07976469397544861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-181517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-181517","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems/ifs181517?id=journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems%2Fifs181517","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:74469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400713","display_name":"The International Islamic University Malaysia Repository (The International Islamic University Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4164984","host_organization_name":"International Islamic University Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4164984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-181517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-181517","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems/ifs181517?id=journal-of-intelligent-and-fuzzy-systems%2Fifs181517","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2967292667.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2967292667.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66158322","https://openalex.org/W230747325","https://openalex.org/W232419693","https://openalex.org/W902147100","https://openalex.org/W1446702602","https://openalex.org/W1501867204","https://openalex.org/W1546602094","https://openalex.org/W1606375300","https://openalex.org/W1647431324","https://openalex.org/W1780950168","https://openalex.org/W1968817980","https://openalex.org/W1973556323","https://openalex.org/W1978710835","https://openalex.org/W1979726532","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W1991732058","https://openalex.org/W1995709626","https://openalex.org/W2001068000","https://openalex.org/W2036400208","https://openalex.org/W2036646268","https://openalex.org/W2037246199","https://openalex.org/W2042102137","https://openalex.org/W2043815100","https://openalex.org/W2044364233","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2059270055","https://openalex.org/W2059556222","https://openalex.org/W2069935003","https://openalex.org/W2078625902","https://openalex.org/W2078844161","https://openalex.org/W2083842271","https://openalex.org/W2086243891","https://openalex.org/W2087194317","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2096822173","https://openalex.org/W2098005762","https://openalex.org/W2107933610","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2111347279","https://openalex.org/W2116844980","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2124142520","https://openalex.org/W2124855565","https://openalex.org/W2126996952","https://openalex.org/W2139409767","https://openalex.org/W2141022100","https://openalex.org/W2143286114","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2153334715","https://openalex.org/W2154003061","https://openalex.org/W2154897810","https://openalex.org/W2155461593","https://openalex.org/W2159531386","https://openalex.org/W2166293769","https://openalex.org/W2169149732","https://openalex.org/W2170125067","https://openalex.org/W2302164610","https://openalex.org/W2344432821","https://openalex.org/W2774456622","https://openalex.org/W2789157288","https://openalex.org/W2950258616","https://openalex.org/W2951988735","https://openalex.org/W3037311948","https://openalex.org/W3037826211","https://openalex.org/W3098164384","https://openalex.org/W3098330039","https://openalex.org/W3102201777","https://openalex.org/W3103589660","https://openalex.org/W3121426674","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4248437541","https://openalex.org/W6603437767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973509935","https://openalex.org/W4389076551","https://openalex.org/W2097992793","https://openalex.org/W2107855069","https://openalex.org/W2611574733","https://openalex.org/W2241641394","https://openalex.org/W2140653560","https://openalex.org/W2348831795","https://openalex.org/W2514739320","https://openalex.org/W1848393892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Different":[0],"aspects":[1,74,98],"of":[2,38,42,75,89,94,99,111,123,128,139],"social":[3,14,43,65],"networks":[4,60],"have":[5],"increasingly":[6],"been":[7,36],"under":[8],"investigation":[9],"from":[10,21,62,131],"last":[11],"decade.":[12],"The":[13,141,164,185],"network":[15,44,133],"studies":[16],"range":[17],"in":[18,48,87,103,182],"various":[19],"viewpoints":[20],"the":[22,28,39,63,72,79,82,95,104,109,117,121,144,170],"structural":[23],"and":[24,67,91,193],"node":[25,33,101,176],"measures":[26,130],"to":[27,70,119,150,178],"information":[29],"diffusion":[30],"processes.":[31],"Key":[32],"identification":[34,102],"has":[35],"one":[37],"limelight":[40],"topics":[41],"analysis":[45],"(SNA)":[46],"specifically":[47],"a":[49,126,183],"discipline":[50],"like":[51],"politics,":[52],"criminology,":[53],"marketing":[54],"etc.":[55],"This":[56,114],"research":[57,115],"uses":[58],"multiple":[59,136],"constructed":[61],"different":[64,83,137],"site":[66],"real-life":[68],"relationships":[69],"cover":[71],"multi-dimensional":[73,105],"human":[76],"relations.":[77],"In":[78],"multi-relationship":[80],"system,":[81],"dimensions":[84,124],"may":[85],"differ":[86],"terms":[88],"relevance":[90,152],"weight.":[92],"One":[93],"most":[96],"intriguing":[97],"key":[100,180],"system":[106],"can":[107],"be":[108],"consideration":[110],"dimension":[112],"relevance.":[113],"covers":[116],"methodology":[118],"optimize":[120],"weights":[122],"using":[125],"number":[127],"centrality":[129],"each":[132],"layer":[134,151],"covering":[135],"objectives":[138],"interest.":[140],"study":[142],"formulates":[143],"novel":[145],"weighted":[146,171],"feature":[147,172],"set":[148,173],"pertaining":[149],"calculated":[153],"based":[154],"on":[155,169],"layers":[156],"relative":[157],"importance":[158],"through":[159],"particle":[160],"swarm":[161],"optimization":[162],"technique.":[163],"framework":[165],"applies":[166],"ensemble-based":[167],"approach":[168],"along":[174],"with":[175],"characteristics":[177],"predict":[179],"nodes":[181],"network.":[184],"results":[186],"are":[187],"validated":[188],"against":[189],"ground":[190],"truth":[191],"data":[192],"accuracy":[194],"achieved":[195],"is":[196],"promising.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}