{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947320318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-179331","title":"A switching multi-level method for the long tail recommendation problem","display_name":"A switching multi-level method for the long tail recommendation problem","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947320318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-179331","mag":"2947320318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-179331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-179331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/27242/1/A_switching_multi_level_method_for_the_long.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023143842","display_name":"Gharbi Alshammari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-6180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71637028","display_name":"University of Brighton","ror":"https://ror.org/04kp2b655","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gharbi Alshammari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029721092","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Jorro-Aragoneses","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-3912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121748325","display_name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/02p0gd045","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose L. Jorro-Aragoneses","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121748325"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057646974","display_name":"Nikolaos Polatidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-4953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71637028","display_name":"University of Brighton","ror":"https://ror.org/04kp2b655","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Polatidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048457154","display_name":"Stelios Kapetanakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71637028","display_name":"University of Brighton","ror":"https://ror.org/04kp2b655","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stelios Kapetanakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041338608","display_name":"Elias Pimenidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3593-8640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Pimenidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046708984","display_name":"Miltos Petridis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1275-1023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miltos Petridis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom","Department of Computer Science, Middlesex University,The Burroughs, NW4 4BT, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Middlesex University,The Burroughs, NW4 4BT, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057646974"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4682,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91237533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"6","first_page":"7189","last_page":"7198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.9254235029220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-filtering","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","score":0.8462034463882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8394980430603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.8273555636405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5690195560455322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5172865390777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-tail","display_name":"Long tail","score":0.5013675689697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36785799264907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35934174060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34565469622612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33404210209846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06363707780838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06312811374664307}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.9254235029220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21569690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94702","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","level":3,"score":0.8462034463882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8394980430603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.8273555636405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5690195560455322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5172865390777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15189868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q534685","display_name":"Long tail","level":2,"score":0.5013675689697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36785799264907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35934174060821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34565469622612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33404210209846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06363707780838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06312811374664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jifs-179331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-179331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179157397","display_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","issn_l":"1064-1246","issn":["1064-1246","1875-8967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.mdx.ac.uk:27242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/27242/1/A_switching_multi_level_method_for_the_long.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400025","display_name":"Middlesex University Research Repository (Middlesex University Of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","host_organization_name":"Middlesex University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.uwe.ac.uk:41037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/41037/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401464","display_name":"UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","host_organization_name":"University of the West of England","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/724c5d69-21e3-4494-990d-84f2d04850eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/publications/724c5d69-21e3-4494-990d-84f2d04850eb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401758","display_name":"University of Brighton Repository (University of Brighton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71637028","host_organization_name":"University of Brighton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71637028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alshammari, G, Jorro Aragoneses, J L, Polatidis, N, Kapetanakis, S, Pimenidis, E & Petridis, M 2019, 'A switching multi-level method for the long tail recommendation problem', Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 7189-7198. https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-179331","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.mdx.ac.uk:27242","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/27242/1/A_switching_multi_level_method_for_the_long.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400025","display_name":"Middlesex University Research Repository (Middlesex University Of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","host_organization_name":"Middlesex University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947320318.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W281665770","https://openalex.org/W1966553486","https://openalex.org/W1971040550","https://openalex.org/W1990550419","https://openalex.org/W2008886893","https://openalex.org/W2023954349","https://openalex.org/W2024256767","https://openalex.org/W2091067437","https://openalex.org/W2110325612","https://openalex.org/W2112856797","https://openalex.org/W2140942692","https://openalex.org/W2150886314","https://openalex.org/W2155106456","https://openalex.org/W2242592536","https://openalex.org/W2266058821","https://openalex.org/W2267447069","https://openalex.org/W2606751581","https://openalex.org/W2668843490","https://openalex.org/W2736277986","https://openalex.org/W2749089722","https://openalex.org/W2770088409","https://openalex.org/W2798963398","https://openalex.org/W2883840445","https://openalex.org/W2902565442","https://openalex.org/W2918174541","https://openalex.org/W2947322259","https://openalex.org/W2950332743","https://openalex.org/W4232980324"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484355083","https://openalex.org/W2772628444","https://openalex.org/W4220714703","https://openalex.org/W2735929803","https://openalex.org/W2170391450","https://openalex.org/W2098758514","https://openalex.org/W3008845055","https://openalex.org/W2041004656","https://openalex.org/W135044020","https://openalex.org/W2103058005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recommender":[0],"systems":[1,5,52],"are":[2],"decision":[3],"support":[4],"that":[6,38,75,87,123],"play":[7],"an":[8],"important":[9],"part":[10],"in":[11,57,146],"generating":[12],"a":[13,84,91,126,135],"list":[14],"of":[15,72,128,138],"product":[16],"or":[17],"service":[18],"recommendations":[19],"for":[20,143],"users":[21],"based":[22,40,89],"on":[23,41,90],"the":[24,42,48,66,73,96,107,120,139,147],"past":[25],"experiences":[26],"and":[27,63,119,131],"interactions.":[28],"The":[29],"most":[30],"popular":[31],"recommendation":[32,99,140],"method":[33,86,114],"is":[34,39,69,88],"Collaborative":[35],"Filtering":[36],"(CF)":[37],"users\u2019":[43],"rating":[44],"history":[45],"to":[46,77,105],"generate":[47],"recommendation.":[49],"Although,":[50],"recommender":[51],"have":[53,111],"been":[54],"applied":[55],"successfully":[56],"different":[58],"areas":[59],"such":[60],"as":[61],"e-Commerce":[62],"Social":[64],"Networks,":[65],"popularity":[67],"bias":[68],"still":[70],"one":[71],"challenges":[74],"needs":[76],"be":[78],"further":[79,136],"researched.":[80],"Therefore,":[81],"we":[82],"propose":[83],"multi-level":[85],"switching":[92],"approach":[93],"which":[94],"solves":[95],"long":[97,148],"tail":[98],"problem":[100],"(LTRP)":[101],"when":[102],"CF":[103],"fails":[104],"find":[106],"target":[108],"case.":[109],"We":[110],"evaluated":[112],"our":[113],"using":[115],"two":[116],"public":[117],"datasets":[118],"results":[121],"show":[122],"it":[124],"outperforms":[125],"number":[127],"bases":[129],"lines":[130],"state-of-the-art":[132],"alternatives":[133],"with":[134],"reduce":[137],"error":[141],"rates":[142],"items":[144],"found":[145],"tail.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}