{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2564091119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jid-2016-0022","title":"Uncertainty in Communication with a Sketch","display_name":"Uncertainty in Communication with a Sketch","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2564091119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jid-2016-0022","mag":"2564091119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jid-2016-0022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jid-2016-0022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168637","display_name":"Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science","issn_l":"1092-0617","issn":["1092-0617","1875-8959"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082321399","display_name":"Stephen Ekwaro-Osire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-8648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Ekwaro-Osire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014201257","display_name":"Ricardo Cruz-Lozano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Cruz-Lozano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040790764","display_name":"Haileyesus B. Endeshaw","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haileyesus B. Endeshaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011115611","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o\u2010Paulo Dias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9246-7497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo Dias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014201257"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75596451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"43","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.9329000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.9797143936157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6880598068237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.5526430010795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5313986539840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4407259523868561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3769574761390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.324099600315094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3221889138221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10686647891998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10234329104423523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.9797143936157227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6880598068237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5526430010795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5313986539840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4407259523868561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3769574761390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.324099600315094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3221889138221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10686647891998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10234329104423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jid-2016-0022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jid-2016-0022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168637","display_name":"Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science","issn_l":"1092-0617","issn":["1092-0617","1875-8959"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W2392363776","https://openalex.org/W2063051341","https://openalex.org/W2591066345","https://openalex.org/W1494563618","https://openalex.org/W2357022711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sketches":[0],"are":[1],"one":[2,24],"of":[3,10,17,25,55,83,93,95,106,119,126,133],"the":[4,8,14,18,26,30,43,46,53,56,70,81,84,91,96,104,116,120,124,131],"main":[5],"tools":[6],"for":[7,123],"communication":[9,62,135],"design":[11,19,22,134],"ideas":[12],"during":[13],"conceptual":[15],"phase":[16],"process.":[20],"In":[21],"communication,":[23],"major":[27],"problems":[28],"is":[29,38],"uncertainty":[31,44,60,105,127],"associated":[32],"with":[33,49,63,136],"imprecisely":[34],"defined":[35],"sketches.":[36,50],"There":[37],"a":[39,64,87,99,107,137],"need":[40],"to":[41,130],"understand":[42],"in":[45,61,86,98],"commun":[47],"ication":[48],"This":[51,113],"motivated":[52],"formulation":[54],"research":[57,71],"question:":[58],"can":[59],"sketch":[65,108],"be":[66],"quantified?":[67],"To":[68],"answer":[69],"question,":[72],"three":[73],"specific":[74],"aims":[75],"were":[76],"developed,":[77],"namely,":[78],"(1)":[79],"determine":[80,90],"ranking":[82],"features":[85,97],"sketch,":[88,100],"(2)":[89],"probability":[92],"importance":[94],"and":[101,128],"(3)":[102],"quantify":[103],"using":[109],"Shannon\u2019s":[110],"normalized":[111],"entropy.":[112],"paper":[114],"demonstrates":[115],"effective":[117],"use":[118],"established":[121],"framework":[122],"quantification":[125],"contributes":[129],"improvement":[132],"sketch.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}