{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040491774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcm-204386","title":"Comparison between different licensing schemes in a Stackelberg model when the follower is the innovator","display_name":"Comparison between different licensing schemes in a Stackelberg model when the follower is the innovator","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040491774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcm-204386","mag":"3040491774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/jcm-204386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcm-204386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765058733","display_name":"Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering","issn_l":"1472-7978","issn":["1472-7978","1875-8983"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040224754","display_name":"Oana Ruxandra Bode","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-7221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125347698","display_name":"Babe\u0219-Bolyai University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rmd1t30","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125347698"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oana R. Bode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Business, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125347698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100735461","display_name":"Fl\u00e1vio Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-0983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fl\u00e1vio Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056160805","display_name":"Fernanda A. Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-7821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fl\u00e1vio Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fernanda A. Ferreira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernanda A. Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fernanda A. Ferreira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fernanda A. Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto, School of Hospitality and Tourism, Applied Management Research Unit, Vila do Conde, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056160805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2837,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66233402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"301","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovator","display_name":"Innovator","score":0.9498251676559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.8583903908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license","display_name":"License","score":0.6316526532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff","display_name":"Tariff","score":0.6271201968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5969440340995789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5756180286407471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.45273536443710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.44988706707954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.4022648334503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3902064561843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.35117676854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.34349119663238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21898138523101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.08571171760559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.07153841853141785}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776473838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174165","display_name":"Innovator","level":3,"score":0.9498251676559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.8583903908729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.6316526532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.6271201968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5969440340995789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5756180286407471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.45273536443710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44988706707954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4022648334503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3902064561843872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.35117676854133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34349119663238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21898138523101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.08571171760559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.07153841853141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/jcm-204386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcm-204386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765058733","display_name":"Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering","issn_l":"1472-7978","issn":["1472-7978","1875-8983"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:recipp.ipp.pt:10400.22/18073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/18073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401461","display_name":"The Scientific Repository of the Polytechnic Institute of Porto (Polytechnic Institute of Porto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","host_organization_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32723616","https://openalex.org/W1572704868","https://openalex.org/W1967231154","https://openalex.org/W2001999819","https://openalex.org/W2079918833","https://openalex.org/W2107725708","https://openalex.org/W2166730711","https://openalex.org/W2219765341","https://openalex.org/W2267005407","https://openalex.org/W2301349124","https://openalex.org/W2549967374","https://openalex.org/W2738079908","https://openalex.org/W2738375137","https://openalex.org/W2763893608","https://openalex.org/W2884112023","https://openalex.org/W2888842858","https://openalex.org/W2956465198","https://openalex.org/W2969632842","https://openalex.org/W3006894729","https://openalex.org/W3124483337","https://openalex.org/W3124961030","https://openalex.org/W6634223917","https://openalex.org/W6753172539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W4383533535","https://openalex.org/W2375814310","https://openalex.org/W2020569377","https://openalex.org/W2547602925","https://openalex.org/W4380353856","https://openalex.org/W2347216446","https://openalex.org/W2477235128","https://openalex.org/W1953868607","https://openalex.org/W2399846249"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,11,51,58,67,84,104],"present":[2],"paper":[3,43],"we":[4],"consider":[5],"a":[6,31,48],"differentiated-good":[7],"Stackelberg":[8],"model,":[9],"when":[10],"follower":[12],"firm":[13,86],"engages":[14],"in":[15,74,78],"an":[16,21],"R&D":[17],"process":[18],"that":[19,27],"gives":[20],"endogenous":[22],"cost-reducing":[23],"innovation.":[24],"We":[25],"assume":[26],"there":[28],"can":[29],"exist":[30],"technology":[32],"transfer":[33],"between":[34],"innovator":[35,85,105],"and":[36,53,61,70],"non-innovator":[37],"firm.":[38],"The":[39],"aim":[40],"of":[41,50,57,66],"this":[42],"is":[44,81,100],"three-fold:":[45],"to":[46,76,87,95],"do":[47],"comparison":[49,92],"fixed-fee":[52,71],"royalty":[54,62],"licensing":[55,63,72,98],"cases,":[56,64,73],"two-part":[59,68],"tariff":[60,69],"respectively":[65],"order":[75],"state":[77],"which":[79,97],"case":[80],"indicated":[82],"for":[83,103],"license":[88],"its":[89],"technology.":[90],"This":[91],"allows":[93],"us":[94],"identify":[96],"scheme":[99],"more":[101],"profitable":[102],"(follower":[106],"firm).":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}