{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221014195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/isu-210138","title":"Something new and different: The Unified Medical Language System","display_name":"Something new and different: The Unified Medical Language System","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221014195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/isu-210138","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35600122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/isu-210138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/isu-210138","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/information-services-and-use/isu210138?id=information-services-and-use%2Fisu210138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764781207","display_name":"Information Services & Use","issn_l":"0167-5265","issn":["0167-5265","1875-8789"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Services & Use","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/information-services-and-use/isu210138?id=information-services-and-use%2Fisu210138","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109011956","display_name":"Betsy L. Humphreys","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800548410","display_name":"United States National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I2800548410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Betsy L. Humphreys","raw_affiliation_strings":[", USA","U.S. National Library of Medicine (retired), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. National Library of Medicine (retired), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800548410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013537155","display_name":"Mark S. Tuttle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-3314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114573","display_name":"Applied Physical Electronics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/028btas66","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114573"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark S. Tuttle","raw_affiliation_strings":[", USA","Apelon (retired), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apelon (retired), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114573"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109011956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800548410"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7555,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67261797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.9735466837882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6759005784988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.648761510848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-library","display_name":"National library","score":0.4258115887641907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.41277262568473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3672277331352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.28912466764450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.12709090113639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.0842822790145874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.9735466837882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6759005784988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.648761510848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994543612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22806","display_name":"National library","level":2,"score":0.4258115887641907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.41277262568473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3672277331352234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.28912466764450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.12709090113639832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0842822790145874}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/isu-210138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/isu-210138","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/information-services-and-use/isu210138?id=information-services-and-use%2Fisu210138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764781207","display_name":"Information Services & Use","issn_l":"0167-5265","issn":["0167-5265","1875-8789"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Services & Use","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35600122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35600122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information services & use","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9108578","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9108578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Inf Serv Use","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/isu-210138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/isu-210138","pdf_url":"https://content.iospress.com:443/download/information-services-and-use/isu210138?id=information-services-and-use%2Fisu210138","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764781207","display_name":"Information Services & Use","issn_l":"0167-5265","issn":["0167-5265","1875-8789"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Services & Use","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221014195.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221014195.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109765044","https://openalex.org/W138612281","https://openalex.org/W1464162502","https://openalex.org/W1509169459","https://openalex.org/W1829379010","https://openalex.org/W2070031067","https://openalex.org/W2115871101","https://openalex.org/W2122402213","https://openalex.org/W2128298129","https://openalex.org/W2157272674","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2162311237","https://openalex.org/W2270018644","https://openalex.org/W2288209531","https://openalex.org/W2315556365","https://openalex.org/W2425461244","https://openalex.org/W3043067930","https://openalex.org/W3092737060","https://openalex.org/W3092850045","https://openalex.org/W4210781119","https://openalex.org/W4290259706","https://openalex.org/W6605610795","https://openalex.org/W6677115753","https://openalex.org/W6717637026","https://openalex.org/W6780832851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W79619734","https://openalex.org/W2010487328","https://openalex.org/W2340589664","https://openalex.org/W4281750475","https://openalex.org/W2003127701","https://openalex.org/W2563868050","https://openalex.org/W102264027","https://openalex.org/W2138789621","https://openalex.org/W2575181596","https://openalex.org/W2069107439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Donald":[0],"A.B.":[1],"Lindberg":[2],"M.D.":[3],"arrived":[4],"at":[5],"the":[6,17,74],"U.S.":[7],"National":[8],"Library":[9],"of":[10,39,61,82],"Medicine":[11],"in":[12],"1984":[13],"and":[14,24,33,37,63,68,70,78,80],"quickly":[15],"launched":[16],"Unified":[18],"Medical":[19],"Language":[20],"System":[21],"(UMLS)":[22],"research":[23],"development":[25,69],"project":[26],"to":[27,34],"help":[28],"computers":[29],"understand":[30],"biomedical":[31,48],"meaning":[32],"enable":[35],"retrieval":[36],"integration":[38],"information":[40],"from":[41],"disparate":[42],"electronic":[43],"sources,":[44],"e.g.,":[45],"patient":[46],"records,":[47],"literature,":[49],"knowledge":[50],"bases.":[51],"This":[52],"chapter":[53],"focuses":[54],"on":[55,71],"how":[56],"Lindberg's":[57],"thinking,":[58],"preferred":[59],"ways":[60],"working,":[62],"decision-making":[64],"guided":[65],"UMLS":[66,75],"goals":[67],"what":[72],"made":[73],"markedly":[76],"\"new":[77],"different\"":[79],"ahead":[81],"its":[83],"time.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}